An investigation of the crash performance of magnesium, aluminum and advanced high strength steels and different cross-sections for vehicle thin-walled energy absorbers
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Emre Demirci
Abstract
In this paper, the effect of conventional steel, new generation DP-TRIP steels, AA7108 – AA7003 aluminum alloys, AM60 – AZ31 magnesium alloys and crash-box cross-sections on crash performance of thin-walled energy absorbers are investigated numerically for the lightweight design of vehicle structures. According to finite element analysis results, crash performance parameters such as total energy absorption, specific energy absorption, reaction forces and crush force efficiencies are compared for the above-mentioned materials. The energy absorption capability of steel energy absorbers is better than that of aluminum and magnesium absorbers. On the other hand, the energy absorption capacity per unit mass of energy absorbers made from lightweight materials is higher than that of steel energy absorbers. This advantage of lightweight alloys encourages automobile manufacturers to use them in designing structural vehicle components.
Kurzfassung
In den letzten Jahren ist die Gewichtsreduktion von Fahrzeugen eine der bedeutendsten Eigenschaften in Hinblick auf die Kraftstoffeffizienz und niedrige Emissionen in der Automobilindustrie. Daher versuchen Automobilingenieure neue Sicherheitssysteme für beides, eine Leichtbaustruktur und zur Erfüllung neuer internationaler Crashversuchsstandards, wie zum Beispiel ECE und NHTSA, zu entwickeln. Dünnwandige Rohre werden als Crashboxen oder Energieabsorber in Fahrzeugrahmen verwandt. Für den vorliegenden Beitrag wurde die Kollisionssicherheit von verschieden geformten dünnwandigen Rohren aus verschiedenen Werkstoffen, eine neue Generation von DP-TRIP-Stählen, den Aluminiumlegierungen AA7108 und AA7003 sowie der Magnesiumlegierung AM60 für den Leichtbau von Fahrzeugenergieabsorbern numerisch untersucht. Entsprechend der Ergebnisse der Finite Elemente Analysen wurden die Crashperformanz-Parameter wie die totale Energieabsorption, die spezifische Energieabsorption, die Reaktionskräfte und die Effizienz hinsichtlich der Eindrückkraft für die verschiedenen Werkstoffe verglichen. Obwohl die Energieabsorbierungskapazität für die Energieabsorber aus Stahl besser als die für die Aluminium- und Magnesiumabsorber war, können die Energieabsorber aus den Leichtbauwerkstoffen mehr Energie pro Masseeinheit des Werkstoffes absorbieren als die Stähle. Dieser Vorteil der Leichtbaulegierungen hat Automobilbauer dazu veranlasst, diese im Design von Fahrzeugstrukturkomponenten zu verwenden.
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© 2018, Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Inhalt/Contents
- Contents
- Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
- An investigation of the crash performance of magnesium, aluminum and advanced high strength steels and different cross-sections for vehicle thin-walled energy absorbers
- Model-based correlation between change of electrical resistance and change of dislocation density of fatigued-loaded ICE R7 wheel steel specimens
- Tensile strength of 3D printed materials: Review and reassessment of test parameters
- Numerical calculation of stress concentration of various subsurface and undercutting pit types
- Chemical composition of chosen phase constituents in austempered ductile cast iron
- Investigation of initial yielding in the small punch creep test
- Optimization and characterization of friction surfaced coatings of ferrous alloys
- Influence of the milling process on TiB2 particle reinforced Al-7 wt.-% Si matrix composites
- In-situ compaction and sintering of Al2O3 – GNP nanoparticles using a high-frequency induction system
- Strain-rate controlled Gleeble experiments to determine the stress-strain behavior of HSLA steel S960QL
- Thermography using a 1D laser array – From planar to structured heating
- Schichtdickenbestimmung von Oberflächenschutzsystemen für Beton mit Impulsthermografie
- Microstructure and mechanical properties of fly ash particulate reinforced AA8011 aluminum alloy composites
- High temperature compressive behavior of three-dimensional five-directional braided composites
- Dry sliding behavior of the aluminum alloy 8011 composite with 8 % fly ash
- Review on nanostructures from catalytic pyrolysis of gas and liquid carbon sources
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Inhalt/Contents
- Contents
- Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
- An investigation of the crash performance of magnesium, aluminum and advanced high strength steels and different cross-sections for vehicle thin-walled energy absorbers
- Model-based correlation between change of electrical resistance and change of dislocation density of fatigued-loaded ICE R7 wheel steel specimens
- Tensile strength of 3D printed materials: Review and reassessment of test parameters
- Numerical calculation of stress concentration of various subsurface and undercutting pit types
- Chemical composition of chosen phase constituents in austempered ductile cast iron
- Investigation of initial yielding in the small punch creep test
- Optimization and characterization of friction surfaced coatings of ferrous alloys
- Influence of the milling process on TiB2 particle reinforced Al-7 wt.-% Si matrix composites
- In-situ compaction and sintering of Al2O3 – GNP nanoparticles using a high-frequency induction system
- Strain-rate controlled Gleeble experiments to determine the stress-strain behavior of HSLA steel S960QL
- Thermography using a 1D laser array – From planar to structured heating
- Schichtdickenbestimmung von Oberflächenschutzsystemen für Beton mit Impulsthermografie
- Microstructure and mechanical properties of fly ash particulate reinforced AA8011 aluminum alloy composites
- High temperature compressive behavior of three-dimensional five-directional braided composites
- Dry sliding behavior of the aluminum alloy 8011 composite with 8 % fly ash
- Review on nanostructures from catalytic pyrolysis of gas and liquid carbon sources