Surface Activity Study of Water-Soluble Silk Fibroin Prepared using Cocoons and Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O
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Fengguang Li
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between structural changes and surface-activity of water-soluble silk fibroin prepared by treatment with calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2 · 4 H2O). Ca(NO3)2 · 4 H2O, is a hygroscopic compound at room temperature and a suitable solvent upon melting at 100 °C, which was traditionally used as a solvent for dissolving cocoons or silk. The cocoons or silk were optimally dissolved by Ca(NO3)2 · 4 H2O when using a 40 % (w/w) Ca(NO3)2 solution, a 1 : 10 ratio of cocoons or silk to solvent and a dissolving time of 69 min. The results showed that the hydrophobic region of the silk fibroin was destroyed, resulting in the exposure of the hydrophobic groups. The emulsifying ability and the emulsion stability as well as the foaming ability and the foam stability, and the γCMC and CMC of soluble silk fibroin were 92.8 %, 97.3 %, 213.3 %, 88.1 %, 65.83 mN/m and 0.42 mg/mL, respectively. The molecular conformation of silk fibroin chains was the β-sheet, as shown by the intense amide I–III bands at 3 163 cm−1, 1 627 cm−1, 1 518 cm−1, and 1 231 cm−1. The random coil/α-helix structure induced from Ca(NO3)2 convert to β-sheet conformation. Owing to the calcium nitrate's dissolution, silk fibroin can be dissolved in water by changing its structure, and shows excellent surface activity.
Kurzfassung
Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Beziehung zwischen den Strukturveränderungen und der Oberflächenaktivität des wasserlöslichen Seidenproteins, das durch Behandlung mit Calciumnitrattetrahydrat (Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O) hergestellt wird, zu untersuchen. Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O ist eine bei Raumtemperatur hygroskopische Verbindung und ein für die Schmelze bei 100 °C geeignetes Lösemittel, das traditionell als Lösungsmittel zum Auflösen von Kokons oder Seide verwendet wurde. Die Kokons oder Seide wurden in einer 40 % igen (w/w) Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O-Lösung, bei einem Verhältnis der Kokons (oder Seide) zum Lösemittels von 1 : 10 und einer Auflösungszeit von 69 min optimal gelöst. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass der hydrophobe Bereich des Seidenproteins zerstört wurde, was zur Freilegung der hydrophoben Gruppen führte. Die Emulgierfähigkeit und die Emulsionsstabilität, das Schaumvermögen und die Schaumstabilität sowie die kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentration (CMC) und die Oberflächenspannung bei der CMC (γCMC) des löslichen Seidenproteins betrugen: 92,8 %, 97,3 %, 213,3 %, 88,1 %, 0,42 mg mg−1 bzw. 65,83 mN m−1. Die Seidenproteinketten waren als β-Blatt-Struktur angeordnet, wie die intensiven Amid-I-III-Banden bei 3163 cm−1, 1627 cm−1, 1518 cm−1 und 1231 cm−1 zeigen. Die durch Ca(NO3)2 zufällig induzierte α-Helixstruktur wurde in die β-Blatt-Struktur umgewandelt. Durch die Auflösung des Calciumnitrats kann das Seidenseidenprotein über eine Strukturumwandlung in Wasser gelöst werden und hat dann eine ausgezeichnete Oberflächenaktivität.
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© 2017, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Contents/Inhalt
- Contents
- Detergent/Cleaning
- Consumers' Comprehension of the EU Energy Label for Washing Machines
- Effect of Washing Conditions on Cleaning Action of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in Hard Water
- Biosurfactants/Novel Surfactants
- Surface Activity Study of Water-Soluble Silk Fibroin Prepared using Cocoons and Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O
- Experimental Design Procedure for Optimization of Saponin Extraction from Glycyrrhiza glabra: A Biosurfactant for Emulsification of Heavy Crude Oil
- Studies on Emulsification Properties of Glycolipids Biosurfactants
- Synthesis and Characterization of Saturated Cardanol Sulfonate Salt Gemini Surfactant
- Physical Chemistry
- Effect of Surface Dilatational Modulus on Foam Flow in a Porous Medium
- Oil-Water Interfacial Tensions of Silica Nanoparticle-Surfactant Formulations
- Interactions of Cationic, Anionic and Nonionic Surfactants with Cresol Red Dye in Aqueous Solutions: Conductometric, Tensiometric, and Spectroscopic Studies
- Application
- Physicochemical Properties of Amino Acid Surfactants and Their Use in Dyeing with Natural Plant Dyes
- Short Communication
- Demulsification of Water-in-Heavy Crude Oil Emulsion using Amphiphilic Ammonium Salts as Demulsifiers
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Contents/Inhalt
- Contents
- Detergent/Cleaning
- Consumers' Comprehension of the EU Energy Label for Washing Machines
- Effect of Washing Conditions on Cleaning Action of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in Hard Water
- Biosurfactants/Novel Surfactants
- Surface Activity Study of Water-Soluble Silk Fibroin Prepared using Cocoons and Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O
- Experimental Design Procedure for Optimization of Saponin Extraction from Glycyrrhiza glabra: A Biosurfactant for Emulsification of Heavy Crude Oil
- Studies on Emulsification Properties of Glycolipids Biosurfactants
- Synthesis and Characterization of Saturated Cardanol Sulfonate Salt Gemini Surfactant
- Physical Chemistry
- Effect of Surface Dilatational Modulus on Foam Flow in a Porous Medium
- Oil-Water Interfacial Tensions of Silica Nanoparticle-Surfactant Formulations
- Interactions of Cationic, Anionic and Nonionic Surfactants with Cresol Red Dye in Aqueous Solutions: Conductometric, Tensiometric, and Spectroscopic Studies
- Application
- Physicochemical Properties of Amino Acid Surfactants and Their Use in Dyeing with Natural Plant Dyes
- Short Communication
- Demulsification of Water-in-Heavy Crude Oil Emulsion using Amphiphilic Ammonium Salts as Demulsifiers
