Synthesis and Properties of Alkyl Dibenzyl Ether Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactant

Hai-lin Zhu; Zhi-yong Hu; Jian-long Wang; Duan-lin Cao

doi:10.3139/113.110362

Artikel

Synthesis and Properties of Alkyl Dibenzyl Ether Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactant

Hai-lin Zhu , Zhi-yong Hu , Jian-long Wang und Duan-lin Cao

Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 21. März 2015

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Aus der Zeitschrift Tenside Surfactants Detergents Band 52 Heft 2

Abstract

Three gemini surfactants with dibenzyl ether spacer (10-B-10, 12-B-12, and 14-B-14) were synthesized and characterized. The surface activity and thermodynamic properties of micellization were determined by surface tension, steady-state fluorescence microscopy, and conductivity methods. The thermodynamic parameters of micellization (Δ_micG⁰, Δ_micH⁰, and Δ_micS⁰) derived from the electrical conductivity measurement implied that the micellization of these surfactants was driven by enthalpy. The enthalpy–entropy compensation of micellization showed that the stability of micelles increased with increasing alkyl chain length. Finally, we evaluated the effects of alkyl chain length on the interfacial tension, foam ability, and the emulsion stability.

Kurzfassung

Es wurden drei Geminitenside mit einem Dibenzyletherspacer (10-B-10, 12-B-12 und 14-B-1) synthetisiert und charakterisiert. Die Oberflächenaktivität und die thermodynamischen Eigenschaften der Mizellenbildung wurden mittels der stationären Fluoreszenzspektrometrie, Messungen der Oberflächenspannung und der Leitfähigkeit bestimmt. Die thermodynamischen Parameter der Mizellenbildung (Δ_micG⁰, Δ_micH⁰, and Δ_micS⁰) wurden aus den Messungen der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit abgeleitet. Sie zeigen, dass die Mizellenbildung dieser Tenside von der Enthalpie bestimmt wird. Der Enthalpie-Entropie-Ausgleich der Mizellenbildung zeigt, dass die Stabilität der Mizellen mit länger werdender Alkylkette zunimmt. Letztlich bestimmten wir die Einflüsse der Alkylkettenlänge auf die Grenzflächenspannung, auf das Schaumvermögen und die Emulsionsstabilität.

Key words: Gemini surfactant; critical micelle concentration; degree of counterion association; thermodynamic parameters; enthalpy-entropy compensation

Stichwörter: Geminitensid; kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentration; Assoziationsgrad der Gegenionen; thermodynamische Parameter; Enthalpie-Entropie-Ausgleich

* Correspondence address, Mrs. Dr. Hai-lin Zhu, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, China, Tel.: +08613466823017, E-Mail: zhuhailin@nuc.edu.cn, zhuhailin99@126.com

Hai-lin Zhu is a lecturer at North University of China in Shanxi province of China. Her research interests in the synthesis and properties of special surfactants.

Zhi-yong Hu is an associate professor at the School of Chemical Engineering and the Environment, North University of China. He received his Ph.D. from Dalian University of Technology in Liaoning province of the PR China. His research interests include synthesis and application of green surfactants, chemically modified natural polysaccharides.

Jian-long Wang is currently a Professor at the School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China. He received his Ph.D. from Beijing Institute of Technology. His research interests include green chemistry, supramolecules chemistry, and organic synthesis.

Duanlin Cao is currently a Professor at the School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China. He received his M.Sc. in Organic Chemistry at Nanjing University of Technology and his Ph.D. in Applied Chemistry at Tianjin University. His research interests include green chemistry, supramolecules chemistry, and organic synthesis.

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Received: 2014-04-13

Accepted: 2014-06-23

Published Online: 2015-03-21

Published in Print: 2015-03-16

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Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel

Gemini surfactant; critical micelle concentration; degree of counterion association; thermodynamic parameters; enthalpy-entropy compensation