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Primary Nb-Ta minerals in the Szklary pegmatite, Poland: New insights into controls of crystal chemistry and crystallization sequences
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Adam Pieczka
Published/Copyright:
April 2, 2015
Abstract
An assemblage of primary, extremely As- and Sb-rich, Nb-Ta minerals from the Szklary pegmatite includes columbite-(Fe), columbite-(Mn), tantalite-(Mn), stibiocolumbite, stibiotantalite, an as yet unnamed (As,Sb,U)-rich (Ta,Ti)-oxide, Mn3UAs2Sb2Ta2Ti2O20, and holtite. Anomalous trends of Mn-Fe and Ta-Nb fractionation in the columbite group and crystallization sequences in the primary assemblage can be explained by the contamination of the pegmatite-forming melt by ultramafic and mafic wall-rocks, the competition among these minerals for Ta and Sb and with biotite and tourmaline for Mg, Fe, and Ti, and local variations in melt composition. A hot magmatic fluid, exsolved from the parental melt, reacted with the primary Nb-Ta oxides, inducing two different patterns of alteration. The columbite-group minerals were altered to fersmite, pyrochlore, and bismutopyrochlore locally grading to plumbopyrochlore, whereas stibiocolumbite, stibiotantalite, and the (As,Sb,U)-rich (Ta,Ti)-oxide altered to stibiomicrolite, uranmicrolite grading to betafite, and then to bismutomicrolite or Bi-dominant betafite. In all of the secondary pyrochlore-group minerals, Ta-Nb fractionation is comparable to, or only slightly greater, than that in the primary Nb-Ta oxides, indicating a modest differentiation of the residual melt coexisting with the fluid.
Keywords: Columbite-(Fe); columbite-(Mn); tantalite-(Mn); stibiocolumbite; stibiotantalite; holtite; fersmite; pyrochlore-group minerals; fractionation trends; Szklary pegmatite; Lower Silesia; Poland
Received: 2009-6-17
Accepted: 2010-5-1
Published Online: 2015-4-2
Published in Print: 2010-10-1
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Keywords for this article
Columbite-(Fe);
columbite-(Mn);
tantalite-(Mn);
stibiocolumbite;
stibiotantalite;
holtite;
fersmite;
pyrochlore-group minerals;
fractionation trends;
Szklary pegmatite;
Lower Silesia;
Poland
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