Biodurability of chrysotile and tremolite asbestos in simulated lung and gastric fluids
-
Christopher Oze
and
K’Lynn Solt
Abstract
Chrysotile [Mg3Si2O5(OH)4] and tremolite [Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2] asbestos represent two distinct mineralogical categories of regulated asbestos commonly evaluated in epidemiological, toxicological, and pathological studies. Human respiratory and gastric systems are sites of asbestos deposition where chrysotile and tremolite asbestos are undersaturated with respect to biological fluids and dissolution kinetics control the persistence of these minerals in biological environments. Here we examined the biodurabilities (i.e., the resistance to dissolution) of chrysotile and tremolite asbestos in simulated body fluids as a function of mineral surface area over time. Batch experiments in simulated gastric fluid (SGF; HCl and NaCl solution at pH 1.2) and simulated lung fluid (SLF; modified Gamble’s solution at pH 7.4) were performed at 37 °C over 720 h to evaluate the dissolution of chrysotile vs. tremolite asbestos in acidic and near-neutral biological fluids. The rate-limiting step of Si release for both minerals was used to obtain rate constants (k) and reaction orders (n) allowing comparisons of mineral dissolution rates. Both chrysotile and tremolite asbestos are less biodurable in SGF (low pH) compared to SLF (near-neutral pH). Based on equivalent surface area comparisons, the surface chemistry of tremolite is more reactive in lung fluid than chrysotile and vice versa in digestive fluid. However, the relative biodurabilities of these asbestos silicates (from most to least) are tremolite (SLF) > chrysotile (SLF) > tremolite (SGF) > chrysotile (SGF) when accounting for the greater surface area of chrysotile per mass or per fiber compared to tremolite. Overall, this study illustrates the importance of surface area and fiber morphology considerations when evaluating the biodurabilities of asbestiform minerals.
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Articles in the same Issue
- TEM-assisted dynamic scanning force microscope imaging of (001) antigorite: Surfaces and steps on a modulated silicate
- PH₂O-dependent structural phase transitions in the zeolite mesolite: Real- and reciprocal-space crystal structure refinements
- The crystal structure of esperite, with a revised chemical formula, PbCa2(ZnSiO4)3, isostructural with beryllonite
- Dendritic zircon formation by deterministic volume-filling fractal growth: Implications for the mechanisms of branch formation in dendrites
- Enthalpies of formation of pyrrhotite Fe1–0.125xS (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) solid solutions
- Crystal chemistry of synthetic lawsonite solid-solution series CaAl2[(OH)2/Si2O7]·H2O– SrAl2[(OH)2/Si2O7]·H2O and the Cmcm–P21/m phase transition
- Coulsellite, CaNa3AlMg3F14, a rhombohedral pyrochlore with 1:3 ordering in both A and B sites, from the Cleveland Mine, Tasmania, Australia
- Synthesis and characterization of zeolite 4A-type desiccant from kaolin
- Effect of iron on the compressibility of hydrous ringwoodite
- Kapundaite, (Na,Ca)2Fe4 3+(PO4)4(OH)3·5H2O, a new phosphate species from Toms quarry, South Australia: Description and structural relationship to mélonjosephite
- Rate of antigorite dehydration at 2 GPa applied to subduction zones
- IR absorption coefficients for water in nominally anhydrous high-pressure minerals
- Experimental techniques for determining tin solubility in silicate melts using silica capsules in 1 atm furnaces and rhenium capsules in the piston cylinder
- Cassiterite-saturated minimum melting behavior within Sn-SnO2-SiO2 at 1 atm and 10 kbar
- Cr-bearing tourmaline associated with emerald deposits from Swat, NW Pakistan: Genesis and its exploration significance
- Mechanism and kinetics of reduction of a FeO-Fe2O3-CaO-MgO aluminosilicate melt in a high-CO-activity environment
- Biodurability of chrysotile and tremolite asbestos in simulated lung and gastric fluids
- High-pressure behavior of Ca/Na clinopyroxenes: The effect of divalent and trivalent 3d-transition elements
- Uvarovite from chromite-bearing ultramafic intrusives, Orissa, India, a crystal-chemical characterization using 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy
- An X-ray Rietveld and infrared spectral study of the Na2(Mn1–xM2+x )Fe2+Fe3+(PO4)3 (x = 0 to 1 and M2+ = Mg, Cd) alluaudite-type solid solutions
- Dissolution kinetics of anorthite in a supercritical CO2–water system
- Evaluation of the elasticity normal to the basal plane of non-expandable 2:1 phyllosilicate minerals by nanoindentation
- 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and electrical resistivity studies on naturally occurring native iron under high pressures up to 9.1 GPa
- Letter. Discreditation of paraspurrite
- Letter. High-pressure magnetic transition in hcp-Fe
- Letter. Reduced As components in highly oxidized environments: Evidence from full spectral XANES imaging using the Maia massively parallel detector
- Letter. FTIR spectroscopy with a focal plane array detector: A novel tool to monitor the spatial OH-defect distribution in single crystals applied to synthetic enstatite
- Letter. Akaogiite: An ultra-dense polymorph of TiO2 with the baddeleyite-type structure, in shocked garnet gneiss from the Ries Crater, Germany
