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A systematic review of brain functional connectivity patterns involved in episodic and semantic memory

  • Nicole Palacio

    Nicole Palacio is a researcher in the Laboratory of Neuroscience and Behavior. She has received several academic recognitions, such as the Ramon de Zubiria’s distinction, Alberto Magno’s award, Andres Bello’s distinction, the first-place award in the Neurobright Olympics of Neuroscience in Brazil, among others. She has presented posters in international symposiums about topics regarding the evaluation of anxiety and memory in rodents as well as the effects of brain transcranial stimulation.

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    and Fernando Cardenas

    Luis Fernando Cardenas Parra, Ph.D., is the director of the Laboratory of Neuroscience and Behavior and a Professor in the University of Los Andes. He has worked in animal behavior, neuroscience and brain stimulation for over 30 years, during which he has done several publications in high-impact journals and presented papers in international symposiums.

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Published/Copyright: July 19, 2019
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

The study of functional connectivity and declarative memory has lately been focused on finding biomarkers of neuropsychological diseases. However, little is known about its patterns in healthy brains. Thus, in this systematic review we analyze and integrate the findings of 81 publications regarding functional connectivity (measured by fMRI during both task and resting-state) and semantic and episodic memory in healthy adults. Moreover, we discriminate and analyze the main areas and links found in specific memory phases (encoding, storage or retrieval) based on several criteria, such as time length, depth of processing, rewarding value of the information, vividness and amount or kind of details retrieved. There is a certain degree of overlap between the networks of episodic and semantic memory and between the encoding and retrieval stages. Although several differences are pointed out during the article, this calls to attention the need for further empirical studies that actively compare both types of memory, particularly using other baseline conditions apart from the traditional resting state. Indeed, the active involvement of the default mode network in both declarative memory and resting condition suggests the possibility that during rest there is an on-going memory processing. We find support for the ‘attention to memory’ hypothesis, the memory differentiation model and the appropriate transfer hypothesis, but some evidence is inconsistent with the traditional hub-and-spoke model.

About the authors

Nicole Palacio

Nicole Palacio is a researcher in the Laboratory of Neuroscience and Behavior. She has received several academic recognitions, such as the Ramon de Zubiria’s distinction, Alberto Magno’s award, Andres Bello’s distinction, the first-place award in the Neurobright Olympics of Neuroscience in Brazil, among others. She has presented posters in international symposiums about topics regarding the evaluation of anxiety and memory in rodents as well as the effects of brain transcranial stimulation.

Fernando Cardenas

Luis Fernando Cardenas Parra, Ph.D., is the director of the Laboratory of Neuroscience and Behavior and a Professor in the University of Los Andes. He has worked in animal behavior, neuroscience and brain stimulation for over 30 years, during which he has done several publications in high-impact journals and presented papers in international symposiums.

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Received: 2018-12-14
Accepted: 2019-03-30
Published Online: 2019-07-19
Published in Print: 2019-11-26

© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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