Impact of gamma and electron-beam irradiations on the thermal dehydration process of europium acetate hydrate

Noura Mossaed Saleh; Hisham Fouad Aly; Fatma El-Zahraa A. Abd El-Aziz; Refaat Mohamed Mahfouz

doi:10.1515/ract-2025-0009

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Impact of gamma and electron-beam irradiations on the thermal dehydration process of europium acetate hydrate

Noura Mossaed Saleh , Hisham Fouad Aly , Fatma El-Zahraa A. Abd El-Aziz and Refaat Mohamed Mahfouz

Published/Copyright: May 23, 2025

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From the journal Radiochimica Acta Volume 113 Issue 8

Abstract

The main goal of this work is to study the effect of irradiation on the thermal behavior of europium acetate hydrate. Exposure to gamma and electron beam irradiation significantly altered the kinetic triplets (E_a, lnA, f(α)) and thermodynamic parameters. Integral and differential linear isoconversional methods were applied to determine activation energy, E_a, and pre-exponential component, A, of the dehydration process. The Vyazovkin non-linear isoconversional method was used in parallel to the linear method for comparison. In the gamma and electron-beam-irradiated material, the dehydration proceeded by one thermal step. A synergistic combination of both nucleation sites and electron beam enhances the dehydration process, as indicated by a decrease in the values of E_a by increasing the degree of conversion, which results in a lower value of E_a (113.681 kJ/mol) compared to gamma-irradiated material, which shows retardation of the decomposition and rising value of E_a (120.601 kJ/mol) of the dehydration. The Ozawa’s generalized time and Málek equations were employed to determine the mechanism models (R₂) and (F₁) for gamma and electron-beam-irradiated materials, respectively. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were compared with those for un-irradiated material.

Keywords: Ozawa’s generalized time; thermal dehydration; electron-beam and gamma irradiation; isoconversional kinetics; kinetic triplets calculation; thermodynamic parameters

Corresponding author: Noura Mossaed Saleh, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516, Assiut, Egypt, E-mail: nouramossaed@aun.edu.eg

Acknowledgments

This work is part of Noura Saleh’s Ph.D. thesis. The authors thank Assiut University for the official technical and financial support. The authors also would like to thank the crew team of radiation units at the Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority for facilitating the irradiation experiments.

Research ethics: Not applicable.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.
Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
Research funding: The researchers extend appreciation to the Postgraduate Studies & Research Sector, Assiut University for funding this work as a research number: AUN2025F.Sci.H0004.
Data availability: Not applicable.

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Received: 2025-02-04

Accepted: 2025-05-06

Published Online: 2025-05-23

Published in Print: 2025-08-26

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https://doi.org/10.1515/ract-2025-0009

Keywords for this article

Ozawa’s generalized time; thermal dehydration; electron-beam and gamma irradiation; isoconversional kinetics; kinetic triplets calculation; thermodynamic parameters