Synthesis, mechanical, and radiation-attenuation characteristics of aluminium phosphate glass system modified by NiO/Li2O

Khamies Kreen; Dalal Abdullah Aloraini; Ateyyah M. Al-Baradi

doi:10.1515/ract-2025-0025

Article

Synthesis, mechanical, and radiation-attenuation characteristics of aluminium phosphate glass system modified by NiO/Li₂O

Khamies Kreen , Dalal Abdullah Aloraini and Ateyyah M. Al-Baradi

Published/Copyright: May 6, 2025

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From the journal Radiochimica Acta Volume 113 Issue 8

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of NiO incorporation on the mechanical and radiation shielding properties of xNiO–80P₂O₅–5Al₂O₃–(15−x) Li₂O glass samples. Density increased from 2.964 for PLANi-0 to 3.654 g/cm³ for PLANi-3 due to the higher atomic mass of NiO compared to Li₂O. Molar volume decreased from 41.54 to 34.06 cm³/mol. This suggests that NiO strengthens the glass network, leading to higher compactness and improved mechanical properties. Both longitudinal (V_L) and shear (V_T) ultrasonic velocities increased from 3,934 to 4,352 and from 1,834 to 2,010 for PLANi-0 and PLANi-3 respectively. The elastic moduli increased with increasing NiO content. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) decreases as photon energy (E) increases. At energy of 50 keV, the examined glass samples PLANi-0, PLANi-0.5, PLANi-1, PLANi-2, and PLANi-5 had HVL values of 0.71695, 0.65995, 0.62128, 0.57976, and 0.5317 cm. A denser glass results in more atomic interactions and higher LAC, which directly reduces HVL and MFP. This makes higher-NiO glasses more efficient for radiation protection.

Keywords: NiO; elastic; shielding properties

Corresponding author: Khamies Kreen, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. 71524, Assiut, Egypt, E-mail: kkreen019@gmail.com

Funding source: Taif University Researchers, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia

Award Identifier / Grant number: TU-DSPP-2024-124

Research ethics: Not applicable.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.
Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
Research funding: The authors express their gratitude Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TU-DSPP-2024-124), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

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Received: 2025-02-17

Accepted: 2025-04-18

Published Online: 2025-05-06

Published in Print: 2025-08-26

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https://doi.org/10.1515/ract-2025-0025

Keywords for this article

NiO; elastic; shielding properties