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Microstructure and mechanical properties of similar and dissimilar resistance spot welded DC04 and HRP6222 (DD11) steels

  • Yasin Hasirci

    Yasin Hasirci was born in 1992. He is MSc student at Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Institute of Postgraduate Education, Engineering Faculty, Mechanical Engineering Department in Bilecik, Türkiye. His research interests about welding performance in metals. For example: “Statistical analysis of the effect of welding parameters on the hardness of HRP6222 steel” published in International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches.

         and Muhammed Elitas

    Dr. Muhammed Elitas is Associate Professor at Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Türkiye. He was born in 1990. His research interests include microstructure characterization, mechanical testing of materials, welding performance in metals and advanced metal alloys. His studies and finals are “Finite element modeling of the fatigue damage in an explosive welded Al-dual-phase steel” and “Effects of welding parameters on tensile properties and fracture modes of resistance spot welded DP1200 steel” published in Materials Testing, “Investigation of the effect of different welding parameters on tensile properties and failure modes of non-alloyed steel produced by powder metallurgy” published in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering.

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Published/Copyright: August 30, 2024
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Materials Testing
From the journal Materials Testing Volume 66 Issue 10

Abstract

Low carbon steels are frequently preferred in the automotive industry. The most preferred welding method in vehicle body manufacturing is resistance spot welding (RSW). In this study, RSW joints of DC04 and HRP6222 steels were carried out at two different electrode forces (2.1 kN, 2.4 kN) and three different welding currents (4 kA, 6 kA, 8 kA). The effects of different welding parameters on microstructure, tensile shear force, failure mode and microhardness were investigated. So, the focus was on optimizing the welding parameters. As a result, the RSW process caused the formation of three different regions in the microstructure (the base metal, the heat affected zone and the weld metal). It was observed that the tensile shear force increased as the welding current and electrode force increased. After the tensile shear tests, two different failure modes occurred (interface and pull-out type). Hardness values showed a linear relationship with tensile shear force results. In addition, a significant increase in hardness values was observed from the base metal to the weld metal in all welding parameters.

Keywords: low carbon steel; resistance spot welding; microstructure; tensile shear force; failure mode
Corresponding author: Muhammed Elitas, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, TR, 11100 Bilecik, Türkiye, E-mail:

About the authors

Yasin Hasirci

Yasin Hasirci was born in 1992. He is MSc student at Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Institute of Postgraduate Education, Engineering Faculty, Mechanical Engineering Department in Bilecik, Türkiye. His research interests about welding performance in metals. For example: “Statistical analysis of the effect of welding parameters on the hardness of HRP6222 steel” published in International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches.

Muhammed Elitas

Dr. Muhammed Elitas is Associate Professor at Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Türkiye. He was born in 1990. His research interests include microstructure characterization, mechanical testing of materials, welding performance in metals and advanced metal alloys. His studies and finals are “Finite element modeling of the fatigue damage in an explosive welded Al-dual-phase steel” and “Effects of welding parameters on tensile properties and fracture modes of resistance spot welded DP1200 steel” published in Materials Testing, “Investigation of the effect of different welding parameters on tensile properties and failure modes of non-alloyed steel produced by powder metallurgy” published in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering.

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office (Project No: 2022-01.BŞEÜ.01-04) for their support to this study.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Author contributions: Yasin Hasirci contributed to the literature research and welding processes. He also was responsible for microstructural examinations with Muhammed Elitas. Muhammed Elitas carried out the hardness and tensile tests. He carried out the whole organization, writing, evaluating and designing of the paper. The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: None declared.

  5. Data availability: Not applicable.

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Published Online: 2024-08-30
Published in Print: 2024-10-28

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. A comparison of recent optimization algorithms for build orientation problems in additive manufacturing
  3. Enhancing the performance of a additive manufactured battery holder using a coupled artificial neural network with a hybrid flood algorithm and water wave algorithm
  4. Numerical study on surface treatment of vibration-impact composite electric spark based on ABAQUS
  5. ANN modeling of tincal ore dehydration
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  7. Tensile testing of S690QL1 HSS welded joint heterogeneous zones using small scale specimens and indentation methods
  8. Influence of thinner flaked Al powder with larger diameter on the distribution of B4C particles and tensile properties of B4C/Al composite
  9. Hydrogen susceptibility of Al 5083 under ultra-high strain rate ballistic loading
  10. Mechanical and metallurgical properties of a glass fiber-reinforced Al7075 hybrid composite produced by infiltration and after aging and abrasion
  11. Rotating bending fatigue behavior of high-pressure diecast AlSi10MgMn alloy based on T5 heat treatment parameters
  12. Optimization of springback parameters of an aluminum 1050 alloy by V-bending
  13. Effect of Zr content on the microstructure, mechanical properties, electrochemical behavior, and biocompatibility of Mg–3Zn–xZr alloy using powder metallurgy
  14. Effect of concentration on PVA solutions and its usage in recycling carbon fiber/polyamide 12 prepregs
  15. Optimization of cutting parameters in manufacturing of polymeric materials for flexible two-phase thermal management systems
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  17. Influence of strut angle and radius on the energy absorption and failure mechanisms in 3-strut, 4-strut and 6-strut lattice structures
  18. Microstructure and mechanical properties of similar and dissimilar resistance spot welded DC04 and HRP6222 (DD11) steels
https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2024-0249
Keywords for this article
low carbon steel; resistance spot welding; microstructure; tensile shear force; failure mode

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. A comparison of recent optimization algorithms for build orientation problems in additive manufacturing
  3. Enhancing the performance of a additive manufactured battery holder using a coupled artificial neural network with a hybrid flood algorithm and water wave algorithm
  4. Numerical study on surface treatment of vibration-impact composite electric spark based on ABAQUS
  5. ANN modeling of tincal ore dehydration
  6. Capacitive voltage effect at a resistive sintering system container and its electrical model
  7. Tensile testing of S690QL1 HSS welded joint heterogeneous zones using small scale specimens and indentation methods
  8. Influence of thinner flaked Al powder with larger diameter on the distribution of B4C particles and tensile properties of B4C/Al composite
  9. Hydrogen susceptibility of Al 5083 under ultra-high strain rate ballistic loading
  10. Mechanical and metallurgical properties of a glass fiber-reinforced Al7075 hybrid composite produced by infiltration and after aging and abrasion
  11. Rotating bending fatigue behavior of high-pressure diecast AlSi10MgMn alloy based on T5 heat treatment parameters
  12. Optimization of springback parameters of an aluminum 1050 alloy by V-bending
  13. Effect of Zr content on the microstructure, mechanical properties, electrochemical behavior, and biocompatibility of Mg–3Zn–xZr alloy using powder metallurgy
  14. Effect of concentration on PVA solutions and its usage in recycling carbon fiber/polyamide 12 prepregs
  15. Optimization of cutting parameters in manufacturing of polymeric materials for flexible two-phase thermal management systems
  16. Growth kinetics of Fe2B layer formed on the surface of borided AISI M2 high-speed steel
  17. Influence of strut angle and radius on the energy absorption and failure mechanisms in 3-strut, 4-strut and 6-strut lattice structures
  18. Microstructure and mechanical properties of similar and dissimilar resistance spot welded DC04 and HRP6222 (DD11) steels
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