Home Modeling of thrust force and torque in drilling aluminum 7050
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Modeling of thrust force and torque in drilling aluminum 7050

  • Ebru Aslan

    Ebru Aslan, born in 1993, is a graduate student in Department of Manufacturing Engineering, University of Gazi, Turkey. Her research interests include: machining methods and finite element method.

    , Duygu Gürkan Kocataş

    Duygu Gürkan Kocataş, born in 1992, is a PhD student in the Department of Manufacturing Engineering, University of Gazi, Turkey. Also, she is Research Assistant in same department. Her research interests include: machining methods, finite element analysis, machine design and industrial measuring techniques.

    EMAIL logo
    and Gültekin Uzun

    Gültekin Uzun, born in 1982, is an Associate Professor in Department of Manufacturing Engineering, University of Gazi, Turkey. His research interests include: machine elements, machining methods, machine design, additive manufacturing, and finite element analysis.

    ORCID logo
Published/Copyright: February 27, 2024
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

The aluminum AA7050 alloy has high toughness and high strength. Despite the high machinability of the AA7050 alloy, hole quality can vary according to tool geometry and drilling parameters. This study investigated the effects of different cutting parameters and three different drill point angles on thrust force and torque. Numerical analyses for thrust force and torque were performed using the finite element method. The lowest thrust force and the highest torque were obtained with the drill at 130° drill point angle, while the highest cutting force and lowest torque were obtained with the drill at 118° drill point angle. There is an average difference of 5.37 and 6.9 % between the experimental and analysis values for thrust forces and torque, respectively, and the applicability of the finite element model has been proven. In the last part of the study, thrust force and torque are modeled with artificial neural networks. The statistical accuracy (R2) values for the learning and testing values in the thrust force of the equation are 0.997797 and 0.995739, respectively. Torque’s learning and testing accuracy values are 0.987247 and 0.937909, respectively. The obtained equations have a high accuracy rate.


Corresponding author: Duygu Gürkan Kocataş, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, Türkiye, E-mail:

About the authors

Ebru Aslan

Ebru Aslan, born in 1993, is a graduate student in Department of Manufacturing Engineering, University of Gazi, Turkey. Her research interests include: machining methods and finite element method.

Duygu Gürkan Kocataş

Duygu Gürkan Kocataş, born in 1992, is a PhD student in the Department of Manufacturing Engineering, University of Gazi, Turkey. Also, she is Research Assistant in same department. Her research interests include: machining methods, finite element analysis, machine design and industrial measuring techniques.

Gültekin Uzun

Gültekin Uzun, born in 1982, is an Associate Professor in Department of Manufacturing Engineering, University of Gazi, Turkey. His research interests include: machine elements, machining methods, machine design, additive manufacturing, and finite element analysis.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission. Ebru ASLAN made the analysis and experiments. Duygu GURKAN KOCATAS made the measurements and did the general writing of the manuscript. Gültekin UZUN evaluated the results and wrote the manuscript.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: None declared.

  5. Data availability: Not applicable.

References

[1] H. Kaya, “Solid particle erosion wear behavior of severe plastically deformed AA7075 alloys,” Mater. Test., vol. 60, no. 9, pp. 885–891, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111227.Search in Google Scholar

[2] F. Vatansever, A. T. Erturk, and E. Feyzullahoglu, “Effect of ultrasonic melt treatment on the tribological behavior of 7075 aluminum alloy,” Mater. Test., vol. 62, no. 12, pp. 1243–1250, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111610.Search in Google Scholar

[3] A. Çakır, S. Yağmur, N. Kavak, G. Küçüktürk, and U. Şeker, “The effect of minimum quantity lubrication under different parameters in the turning of AA7075 and AA2024 aluminium alloys,” Int. J. Adv. Des. Manuf. Technol., vol. 84, pp. 2515–2521, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7878-4.Search in Google Scholar

[4] S. Kalidas, R. E. DeVor, and S. G. Kapoor, “Experimental investigation of the effect of drill coatings on hole quality under dry and wet drilling conditions,” Surf. Coat. Technol., vol. 148, nos. 2–3, pp. 117–128, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01349-4.Search in Google Scholar

[5] E. Ünal, “Influence of drilling parameters on temperature and surface roughness of AISI O2 steel,” Mater. Test., vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 197–201, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111140.Search in Google Scholar

[6] A. Rivero, G. Aramendi, S. Herranz, and L. N. Lopez de Lacella, “An experimental investigation of the effect of coatings and cutting parameters on the dry drilling performance of aluminum alloys,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-004-2349-3.Search in Google Scholar

[7] A. Yildiz, A. Kurt, and S. Yağmur, “Finite element simulation of drilling operation and theoretical analysis of drill stresses with the deform-3D,” Simulat. Model. Pract. Theor., vol. 104, 2020, Art. no. 102153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2020.102153.Search in Google Scholar

[8] B. Yılmaz and A. Güllü, “Empirical modelling of cutting forces by using build-up factor and cutting parameters in turning operation,” J. Fac. Eng. Architect. Gazi Univ., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 27–40, 2020, https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.537386.Search in Google Scholar

[9] Y. Kaplan and M. Nalbant, “Experimental and numerical investigation of the thrust force and temperature generation during a drilling process,” Mater. Test., vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 581–588, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2020-0097.Search in Google Scholar

[10] M. Günay, M. E. Korkmaz, and N. Yaşar, “Finite element modeling of tool stresses on ceramic tools in hard turning,” Mechanika, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 432–440, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.mech.23.3.14363.Search in Google Scholar

[11] H. Yıldız, “Investigating of effect on hole and cutting tool of cutting parameters in drilling of Ti-6Al-4V alloy,” Master dissertation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Batman University, Batman, Turkey, 2015.Search in Google Scholar

[12] T. Demirel, “Investigation of cutting tool stresses based on cutting parameters in thread tapping,” Master dissertation, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, 2019.Search in Google Scholar

[13] M. Korkmaz, E. Çakıroğlu, R. Yaşar, N. Yaşar, R. Özmen, and M. Günay, “Finite element analysis of thrust force in drilling of Al2014 aluminum alloy,” El-Cezerî J. Sci. Eng., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 193–199, 2019, https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.449701.Search in Google Scholar

[14] A. Mamedov and I. Lazoglu, “Machining forces and tool deflections in micro milling,” Procedia CIRP, vol. 8, pp. 147–151, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2013.06.080.Search in Google Scholar

[15] B. Huang, Y. Kaynak, Y. Sun, and I. S. Jawahir, “Surface layer modification by cryogenic burnishing of Al 7050-T7451 alloy and validation with FEM-based burnishing model,” Procedia CIRP, vol. 31, pp. 1–6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2015.03.097.Search in Google Scholar

[16] B. N. Buğdaycı, “Analysis of tool life for tungsten carbide helical end mills in milling aerospace aluminum,” Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koc University, İstanbul, Turkey, 2013.Search in Google Scholar

[17] Y. Meng, X. Men, Y. Pan, and X. Fu, “Influence factors analysis of grain refinement in aluminum alloy 7050-T7451 cutting surface metamorphic layer,” Procedia CIRP, vol. 71, pp. 203–208, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.05.070.Search in Google Scholar

[18] N. Yaşar, “Thrust force modelling and surface roughness optimization in drilling of AA-7075: FEM and GRA,” J. Mech. Sci. Technol., vol. 33, no. 10, pp. 4771–4781, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-019-0918-5.Search in Google Scholar

[19] Z. Duan, et al.., “Milling surface roughness for 7050 aluminum alloy cavity influenced by nozzle position of nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication,” Chin. J. Aeronaut., vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 33–53, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2020.04.029.Search in Google Scholar

[20] I. Perez, et al.., “Effect of cutting speed on the surface integrity of face milled 7050-T7451 aluminium workpieces,” Procedia CIRP, vol. 71, pp. 460–465, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.05.034.Search in Google Scholar

[21] N. Keşir, “Investigation of the effects of feed rate and depth of cut on part distortion of Al 7050-t7451 after milling,” Master dissertation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yıldız Teknik University, İstanbul, Turkey, 2019.Search in Google Scholar

[22] J. Ji, Q. Yang, P. Chen, K. Lu, and Y. Wu, “An improved mathematical model of cutting temperature in end milling Al7050 based on the influence of tool geometry parameters and milling parameters,” Math. Probl. Eng., vol. 2021, pp. 1–10, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5705091.Search in Google Scholar

[23] F. Jiang, J. Li, J. Sun, S. Zhang, Z. Wang, and L. Yan, “Al7050-T7451 turning simulation based on the modified power-law material model,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., vol. 48, pp. 871–880, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-009-2328-9.Search in Google Scholar

[24] X. Huang, J. Xu, M. Chen, and F. Ren, “Finite element modeling of high-speed milling 7050-T7451 alloy,” Procedia Manuf., vol. 43, pp. 471–478, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.02.186.Search in Google Scholar

[25] G. Uzun, “Analysis of grey relational method of the effects on machinability performance on austempered vermicular graphite cast irons,” Measurement, vol. 142, pp. 122–130, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2019.04.059.Search in Google Scholar

[26] R. Çakıroğlu, “Analysis of EDM machining parameters for keyway on Ti-6Al-4V alloy and modelling by artificial neural network and regression analysis methods,” Sādhanā, vol. 47, no. 3, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-022-01926-y.Search in Google Scholar

[27] D. Y. Pimenov, A. Bustillo, S. Wojciechowski, V. S. Sharma, M. K. Gupta, and M. Kuntoğlu, “Artificial intelligence systems for tool condition monitoring in machining: analysis and critical review,” J. Intell. Manuf., vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 2079–2121, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-022-01923-2.Search in Google Scholar

[28] C. Han, K. B. Kim, S. W. Lee, M. B. G. Jun, and Y. H. Jeong, “Thrust force-based tool wear estimation using discrete wavelet transformation and artificial neural network in CFRP drilling,” Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf., vol. 22, pp. 1527–1536, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-021-00558-2.Search in Google Scholar

[29] R. Çakıroğlu and G. Uzun, “Modeling of the cutting force and workpiece surface roughness during the milling process with high feed using artificial neural networks,” Gazi J. Eng. Sci., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 58–66, 2021, https://doi.org/10.30855/gmbd.2021.01.07.Search in Google Scholar

[30] E. M. Tekin, “Calculation of surface roughness value of AISI 1050 steel with optimization algorithms based artificial intelligence,” Master dissertation, Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering Institute of Science, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey, 2017.Search in Google Scholar

[31] İ. Eker, “Effect of homogenization on the microstructure, mechanical and physical properties of aluminum 7050 alloy,” Master dissertation, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey, 2019.Search in Google Scholar

[32] M. Nouari, G. List, F. Girot, and D. Gehin, “Effect of machining parameters and coating on wear mechanism in dry drilling of aluminium alloys,” Int. J. Mach. Tool Manufact., vol. 45, pp. 1436–1442, 2005, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2005.01.026.Search in Google Scholar

[33] U. Çaydaş and M. Çelik, “Investigation of the effects of cutting parameters on the surface roughness, tool temperature and thrust force in drilling of AA 7075-T6 alloy,” J. Polytech., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 419–425, 2017, https://doi.org/10.2339/2017.20.2419-425.Search in Google Scholar

[34] C. Rubenstein, “The torque and thrust force in twist drilling I. theory,” Int. J. Mach. Tool Manufact., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 481–489, 1991, https://doi.org/10.1016/0890-6955(91)90031-W.Search in Google Scholar

[35] Y. Kaplan, “Effects of different parameters on cutting force, torque, vibration, surface roughness, tool wear and exit burrs in drilling,” Master dissertion, Department of Machine Training, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, 2010.Search in Google Scholar

[36] A. Çakır, O. Bahtiyar, and U. Şeker, Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Different Cooling Conditions and Different Cutting Parameters on Drilling Operations in AA7075 and AA2024 Aluminum Alloys in 16th International Machinery Design and Manufacturing Congress, Turkey, İzmir, 2014, pp. 1396–1403.Search in Google Scholar

[37] E. Aydın, “Investigation of the effects of drill point angle on thrust force (Fz) and tool wear in CFRP/Al stacked drilling,” J. Inst. Sci. Technol., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1574–1583, 2019, https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.521218.Search in Google Scholar

[38] L. Romoli and A. H. A. Lutey, “Quality monitoring and control for drilling of CFRP laminates,” J. Manuf. Process., vol. 40, pp. 16–26, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.02.028.Search in Google Scholar

[39] G. Uzun and İ. Çiftçi, “Investigation on the effects of mechanical features of AISI 5140 steel on tool wear and cutting forces,” J. Polytech., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 29–34, 2012, https://doi.org/10.2339/2012.15.1.Search in Google Scholar

[40] E. M. Trent, Metal Cutting, 4th ed., London, England, Butterworths Press, 1989.Search in Google Scholar

[41] H. Zhang, “Plastic deformation and chip formation mechanics during machining of copper, aluminium and an aluminium matrix composite,” Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Engineering Materials, University of Windsor, Canada, 2000.Search in Google Scholar

[42] T. Özel, “The influence of friction models on finite element simulations of machining,” Int. J. Mach. Tool Manufact., vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 518–530, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2005.07.001.Search in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2024-02-27
Published in Print: 2024-04-25

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Strain-life behavior of thick-walled nodular cast iron
  3. A novel bearing fault detection approach using a convolutional neural network
  4. Improved Gx40CrNi25-20 grade austenitic stainless steel
  5. Enhanced strength of (CoFeNiMn)100−xCrx (x = 5, 20, 35 at.%) high entropy alloys via formation of carbide phases produced from industrial-grade raw materials
  6. Modeling of thrust force and torque in drilling aluminum 7050
  7. Construction of amidinothiourea crosslinked graphene oxide membrane by multilayer self-assembly for efficient removal of heavy metal ions
  8. Effect of tool rotational speed on friction stir spot welds of AZ31B Mg alloy to AISI 304 stainless steel
  9. A new enhanced mountain gazelle optimizer and artificial neural network for global optimization of mechanical design problems
  10. Effect of particle volume fraction on wear behavior in Al–SiC MMC coated on DIN AlZnMgCu1.5 alloy
  11. Processing, microstructural characterization, and mechanical properties of deep cryogenically treated steels and alloys – overview
  12. Experimental and numerical investigation of patch effect on the bending behavior for hat-shaped carbon fiber composite beams
  13. Influence of water on microstructure and mechanical properties of a friction stir spot welded 7075-T651 Al alloy
  14. Effect of copper powder addition on the product quality of sintered stainless steels
  15. Mechanical and thermal properties of short banana fiber reinforced polyoxymethylene composite materials dependent on alkali treatment
Downloaded on 10.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/mt-2023-0335/html
Scroll to top button