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Influence of water on microstructure and mechanical properties of a friction stir spot welded 7075-T651 Al alloy

  • Omer Ekinci

    Dr. Omer Ekinci, born in 1988, achieved his BSc in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey, in 2010. He obtained his MSc in Advanced Manufacturing Technology & Systems Management, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK in 2014. He achieved his PhD at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey, in 2021. He is currently working as an assistant professor at Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey. His research areas include laser welding, solid-state welding processes and materials science.

     EMAIL logo     and Anil Imak

    Dr. Anil Imak, born in 1988, completed his primary, secondary and high school education in Elazıg. 2007 won Firat University, Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department and graduated in 2011. He is currently working as an assistant professor at Bingol University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Bingol, Turkey.
Published/Copyright: January 29, 2024
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Materials Testing
From the journal Materials Testing Volume 66 Issue 4

Abstract

7075-T651 Al alloy sheets were welded by friction stir spot welding (FSSW) method without and with tap water. Conducting FSSW with water reduced the weld microstructure grain size and the hook defect formation at the weld, resulting in an increase in the hardness and tensile strength of the weld. The joint made with water showed an average tensile load of 4237 N, whereas the joint made without water exhibited 3690 N. Using water enhanced the strength of the joint, but slightly decreased its ductility. The hardness of the joint made with water presented slightly higher, probably due to the formation of smaller grains in its microstructure as a result of the water leading to a decrease in the welding process temperature. In both joints, the highest hardness measurements in the stir zones (SZs) and the lowest ones in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) were found as the SZs had a finer-grained microstructure. Furthermore, the application of water noticeably, though not completely, inhibited the occurrence of the hook defect in the joint and also reduced the sizes of HAZ and TMAZ. According to the weld fracture surface analysis, both joints failed in a ductile manner.

Keywords: friction stir spot welding with water; 7075 aluminum alloy; macro and microstructure; mechanical properties; fracture mechanism
Corresponding author: Omer Ekinci, Department of Astronautical Engineering, Sivas University of Science and Technology, 58000 Sivas, Türkiye, E-mail:

About the authors

Omer Ekinci

Dr. Omer Ekinci, born in 1988, achieved his BSc in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey, in 2010. He obtained his MSc in Advanced Manufacturing Technology & Systems Management, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK in 2014. He achieved his PhD at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey, in 2021. He is currently working as an assistant professor at Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey. His research areas include laser welding, solid-state welding processes and materials science.

Anil Imak

Dr. Anil Imak, born in 1988, completed his primary, secondary and high school education in Elazıg. 2007 won Firat University, Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department and graduated in 2011. He is currently working as an assistant professor at Bingol University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Bingol, Turkey.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: None declared.

  5. Data availability: Not applicable.

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Published Online: 2024-01-29
Published in Print: 2024-04-25

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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  4. Improved Gx40CrNi25-20 grade austenitic stainless steel
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  12. Experimental and numerical investigation of patch effect on the bending behavior for hat-shaped carbon fiber composite beams
  13. Influence of water on microstructure and mechanical properties of a friction stir spot welded 7075-T651 Al alloy
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https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0230
Keywords for this article
friction stir spot welding with water; 7075 aluminum alloy; macro and microstructure; mechanical properties; fracture mechanism

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Strain-life behavior of thick-walled nodular cast iron
  3. A novel bearing fault detection approach using a convolutional neural network
  4. Improved Gx40CrNi25-20 grade austenitic stainless steel
  5. Enhanced strength of (CoFeNiMn)100−xCrx (x = 5, 20, 35 at.%) high entropy alloys via formation of carbide phases produced from industrial-grade raw materials
  6. Modeling of thrust force and torque in drilling aluminum 7050
  7. Construction of amidinothiourea crosslinked graphene oxide membrane by multilayer self-assembly for efficient removal of heavy metal ions
  8. Effect of tool rotational speed on friction stir spot welds of AZ31B Mg alloy to AISI 304 stainless steel
  9. A new enhanced mountain gazelle optimizer and artificial neural network for global optimization of mechanical design problems
  10. Effect of particle volume fraction on wear behavior in Al–SiC MMC coated on DIN AlZnMgCu1.5 alloy
  11. Processing, microstructural characterization, and mechanical properties of deep cryogenically treated steels and alloys – overview
  12. Experimental and numerical investigation of patch effect on the bending behavior for hat-shaped carbon fiber composite beams
  13. Influence of water on microstructure and mechanical properties of a friction stir spot welded 7075-T651 Al alloy
  14. Effect of copper powder addition on the product quality of sintered stainless steels
  15. Mechanical and thermal properties of short banana fiber reinforced polyoxymethylene composite materials dependent on alkali treatment
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