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Organodiphosphines in PtP2X2 (X = As, Ge or Te) derivatives – Structural aspects

  • Milan Melník EMAIL logo and Peter Mikuš
Published/Copyright: August 11, 2020
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Main Group Metal Chemistry
From the journal Main Group Metal Chemistry Volume 43 Issue 1

Abstract

Structural data of cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 (X = Ge or Te), cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) (X = As, Ge or Te) and trans-Pt(η2-P,TeL)2 were classified and analyzed. The chelating ligands create varieties of metallocyclic rings, which open in the sequence: 83.1° (GeGeGe) < 83.8° (AsC2As) < 86.2° (PC2P) < 88.5° (PC2Te) < 89.7° (PC3P) ~ 89.7° (GeGe2Ge). The structural data are compared and discussed with the complexes of an inner coordination spheres Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 (X = O, N, CN, B, Cl, S, Se, Si, Br or I), Pt(η2-P2L)(η2- X2L) (X = O, N, S, Se or Si), and Pt(η2-P,SiL)2.

Keywords: organodiphosphines; PtP2X2 (X = As, Ge, Te); structures; review; trans-influence

1 Introduction

Comprehensive view on structural parameters of almost 2000 monomeric platinum complexes shows, that the square-planar Pt(II) complexes, by far prevail (Holloway and Melnik, 2002, 2003, 2004). One of such interest of a square-planar Pt(II) complexes is anti-tumor activity of Pt(NH3)2Cl2, known as “cisplatin” (Rosenberg et al., 1969). Over 200 platinum complexes exist in isomeric forms, which were classified and analyzed (Melník and Holloway, 2006), included are distortion (65%), cis-trans (30%), mixed (cis-trans + distortion) isomers, and ligand isomerization.

There are numerous published structural studies of organomonophosphines platinum complexes, which were classified and analyzed (Melník and Mikuš, 2015). There are also numerous structures of Pt(II) complexes with organomonophosphines (Holloway and Melnik, 2002, 2003, 2004; Melník and Mikuš 2019a, 2019b, 2020; Melník et al., 2019). The aim of this review is to classified and analyzed structural parameters of cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 (X = Ge, Te), cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) (X = As, Ge, Te) and trans-Pt(η2-P2TeL)2. Their structural data are compared

and discussed with Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 (X = O, N, CN, B, Cl, S, Br, Se, Si, I), Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) (X = O, N, S, Se, Si) and Pt(η2-P,SiL)2 complexes.

2 Cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-As2L) derivative

Orthorhombic cis-[Pt{η2-(Ph)(Me)P(C6H4)P(Me)(Ph)}{η2-(Ph) (Me)As(CH2)2As(Me)(Ph)}]. 2CF3SO3 (at 200K) (Weir et al., 2009), is only example of such type (Figure 1). As can be seen both homobidentate ligands create five-membered metallocyclic rings with the values of L-Pt-L bite angles of 86.8(2)° (PC2P) and 83.8(2)° (AsC2As). The mean values of cis- and trans- P-Pt-As bond angles are 95.2(±0.2) and 172.2(±0.1)°, respectively. The mean values of Pt-L bond distances are 2.276(±5) (L = P) and 2.422(±8) Å (As), respectively.

Figure 1 Structure of cis-[Pt{η2-(Ph)(Me)P(C6H4)P(Me)(Ph)}{η2-(Ph) (Me)As(CH2)2As(Me)(Ph)}] (Weir et al., 2009).
Figure 1

Structure of cis-[Pt{η2-(Ph)(Me)P(C6H4)P(Me)(Ph)}{η2-(Ph) (Me)As(CH2)2As(Me)(Ph)}] (Weir et al., 2009).

3 Cis-Pt(η2-P2L)Ge2 derivatives

There are ten examples of the such inner coordination sphere about the Pt(II) atoms. These complexes from a coordination mode of the respective donor ligands can be divided into to the two sub-groups Pt(η2-P2L)GeL)2 and Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-Ge2L).

3.1 Cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(GeL)2 derivatives

There are seven complexes of this type of the inner coordination sphere about Pt(II) atom. In five complexes: monoclinic [Pt{η2-Me2P(CH2)2PMe2}{Ge(Me)(Ph)2}2] and monoclinic [Pt{η2-Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2}{Ge(Me)Ph)2}2]‧C6H6 (Mochida et al., 2001), orthorhombic [Pt{η2-Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2} {Ge(mes)}2] (at 120 K) and monoclinic [Pt{η2- Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2}{Ge(H)(η2-C12H8)}2] (at 120 K) (Arii et al., 2012), tetragonal [Pt{η2-Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2}{Ge(H)(η2-C12H8)}2] (at 100 K) (Braddock-Wilking et al., 2009), and monoclinic [Pt{η2-Me2P(CH2)2PMe2}{Ge(H)(Bun)2}2] (at 113 K) (Tanabe et al., 2011), each R2P(CH2)2PR2 ligand creates five-membered metallocyclic ring (PC2P) with the mean value of P–Pt–P bite angles of 85.6(±1.0)°. The mean value of Ge–Pt–Ge bond angles is 85.6(±2.6)° and the mean values of cis- and trans-P–Pt–Ge bond angles are 94.5(±3.6)° and 174.2(±5.0)°, respectively. The mean values of Pt–P and Pt–Ge bond distance are 2.286(±2) and 2.471(±14) Å, respectively. In triclinic [Pt{η2-Ph2P(CH2)3PPh2}{Ge(mes)}2]‧ 0.75hexane‧1.58toluene (Arii et al., 2012) the chelating ligand creates six-membered metallocyclic rings (PC3P) with the value of P–Pt–P bite angle of 95.8°. The Ge–Pt–Ge bond angle is 81.4°. The mean Pt–L bond distances are 2.282 Å (L=P) and 2.471 Å (Ge) respectively.

3.2 Cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-Ge2L) derivatives

In monoclinic [Pt{η2-Me2P(CH2)2PMe2}{η2-(GePh2)3}] (Figure 2) (Tanabe et al., 2009), two dissimilar chelating ligands build up a distorted square-planar environments (PtP2Ge2). The P,P-donor ligand creates five-membered metallocycle (PC2P) with the P–Pt–P angle of 85.9°, and (GePh2)3 ligand form four-membered metallocycle (GeGeGe) with the value of Ge–Pt–Ge angle of 83.1°. The mean values of cis- and trans-P–Pt–Ge bond angles are 95.7(±1.0) and 174.9(±0.4)°, respectively. The mean values of Pt–P and Pt–Ge bond distances are 2.280(±2) and 2.452(±22) Å, respectively.

Figure 2 Structure of [Pt{η2-Me2P(CH2)2PMe2}{η2-(GePh2)3}] (Tanabe et al., 2009).
Figure 2

Structure of [Pt{η2-Me2P(CH2)2PMe2}{η2-(GePh2)3}] (Tanabe et al., 2009).

There are two complexes monoclinic [Pt {η2-Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2}{η2-(Ge(η2-C12H8))4}]. CH2Cl2 (at 100 K) (Braddock-Wilking et al., 2009) and orthorhombic [Pt{η2-Me2P(CH2)2PMe2}{η2-(Ge(Ph2)4}]‧toluene (at 113 K) (Tanabe et al., 2009) each R2P(CH2)2PR2 creates five-membered metallocycles with the mean value of P–Pt–P bite angle of 85.7° (PC2P). Each bidentate Ge,Ge’-donor ligand forms five-membered metallocyclic ring with the mean Ge–Pt–Ge bite angle of 89.7° (GeGe2Ge). The mean values of cis- and trans-P–Pt–Ge bond angles are 92.4(±1.4) and 175.1(±1.1)°, respectively. The mean values of Pt–L bond distances are 2.285 Å (L = P) and 2.464 Å (Ge), respectively.

4 Cis-Pt (η2-P2L)Te2 derivatives

There are seven examples of the such inner coordination sphere about the Pt(II) atom. These complexes from a coordination mode of the respective donor ligands can be divided into to the three sub-groups: Pt(η2-P2L)(TeL)2, Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-Te2L), and Pt(η2-P,TeL)2.

4.1 Cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(TeL)2 derivatives

In five complexes a distorted square-planar geometry about the Pt(II) atom is build up by bidentate P,P’-donor ligand with pair of monodentate Te donor ligands. In two monoclinic [Pt{η2-Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2}(TePh)2] (at 120 K) and [Pt{η2-Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2}{Te(C4H3S)}2] (at 120 K) (Risto et al., 2007) each Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2 forms a five-membered metallocyclic ring with the mean value of 86.6° (PC2P). In another three complexes: orthorhombic [Pt {η2-Ph2P(CH2)3PPh2}{Te(mes)}2]‧3C6H6 (at 100 K) (Chauhan et al., 2013), monoclinic [Pt{η2-Ph2P(C10H6)PPh2}{Te(Ph)}2]‧ 3toluene (at 133 K), and triclinic [Pt{η2-Ph2P(C10H6) PPh2}{Te(C4H3S)}2] (at 133 K) (Karjalainen et al., 2017) each of the bidentate-P,P-donor ligand creates six-membered metallocyclic ring with the mean value of P–Pt–P bite angle of 91.2° (PC3P). Structure of [Pt {η2-Ph2P(C10H6)PPh2}{Te(C4H3S)}2] (Karjalainen et al., 2017) is shown in Figure 3 as an example. The total mean values of Pt–L bond distances are 2.261 Å (L = P) and 2.585 Å (Te).

Figure 3 Structure of [Pt{η2-Ph2P(C10H6)PPh2}{Te(C4H3S)}2] (Karjalainen et al., 2017).
Figure 3

Structure of [Pt{η2-Ph2P(C10H6)PPh2}{Te(C4H3S)}2] (Karjalainen et al., 2017).

4.2 Cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-Te2L) derivative

In monoclnic cis-[Pt{η2-Ph2P(C10H6)PPh2}{η2-Te(C5H8O)Te}] (at 120 K) (Figure 4) (Wagner et al., 2008) two chelating ligands, one with P,P-donor atoms and the other one with Te,Te-donor atom create a distorted square-planar geometry about the Pt(II) atom (PtP2Te2). Each chelating ligand forms six-membered metallocycles (PC3P) and (TeC3Te) with the values of L–Pt–L bite angles of 88.3° and 90.8°, respectively. The mean values of cis- and trans-P– Pt–Te bond angles are 90.6° and 175.0°, respectively. The mean values of Pt–L bond distances are 2.254 Å (P) and 2.627 Å (Te).

Figure 4 Structure of cis-[Pt{η2-Ph2P(C10H6)PPh2}{η2-Te(C5H8O)Te}] (Wagner et al., 2008).
Figure 4

Structure of cis-[Pt{η2-Ph2P(C10H6)PPh2}{η2-Te(C5H8O)Te}] (Wagner et al., 2008).

5 Trans- Pt{η2-P,TeL)2 derivative

Triclinic trans-[Pt{η2-Ph2P(C6H4)TePh}2][Pt(SCN)4]‧2dmf (Gysling and Luss, 1984) consists from well separated [Pt{η2-Ph2P(C6H4)TePh}2]2+ (Figure 5) and [Pt(SCN)4]2-. In the complex cation a distorted square-planar geometry about Pt(II) atom is build up by a pair of heterobidentate-P,Te donor ligands. Each heterochelating ligand creates five-membered metallocyclic ring with the mean P–Pt–Te bite angle of 88.5° (PC2Te). The values of trans-P–Pt–P and Te–Pt–Te bond angles is 178°. The mean values of Pt–L bond distances are 2.306(1) Å (L = P) and 2.575(1) Å (Te), respectively.

Figure 5 Structure of [Pt{η2-Ph2P(C6H4)TePh}2]2+ (Gysling and Luss, 1984).
Figure 5

Structure of [Pt{η2-Ph2P(C6H4)TePh}2]2+ (Gysling and Luss, 1984).

6 Conclusions

This review covers structural parameters of monomeric platinum complexes with an inner coordination spheres of Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 (X = Ge, Te), Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) (X = As, Ge, Te) and Pt(η2-P,TeL)2. In cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(GeL)2 complexes the mean values of Pt–P (trans to Ge) and Pt–Ge (trans to P) bond distances are 2.286 and 2.471 Å, respectively. Such values in cis-Pt(η2-P2L(TeL)2 are 2.261 Å (Pt–P) and 2.585 Å (Pt–Te), respectively. In cis-Pt(η2-P2L(η2-X2L) complexes the mean values are: 2.276 and 2.442 Å (X = As); 2.283 and 2.456 Å (X = Ge); 2.254 and 2.627 Å (X = Te), respectively. In trans-Pt(η2-P,TeL)2 complex the values are: 2.306 Å (P trans to P) and 2.575 Å (Te trans to Te).

The chelating donor ligands create varieties of metallocyclic rings which open in the sequence (mean values): 83.1° (GeGeGe) < 83.8° (AsC2As) < 86.2° (PC2P) < 88.5° (PC2Te) < 89.7° (PC3P) ~ 89.7° (GeGe2Ge). The sum of four (Pt-P(x2)) + (Pt-X(x2)) bond distances Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 vs Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) are: 9.406 vs 9.481 Å (X = Ge); 9.692 vs 9.754 Å (X = Te). For Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-As2L) the value is 9.396 Å, and for Pt(η2-P,TeL)2 is 9.762 Å. These values indicate that the inner coordination sphere in Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 is somewhat more crowded than in its Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) partner.

This review together with its precursors (Holloway and Melnik, 2002, 2003, 2004; Melník and Mikuš 2019a, 2019b, 2020; Melník et al., 2019) have summarized and analyzed structural parameters of almost four hundred monomeric platinum(II) coordination complexes with an inner coordination spheres about the Pt(II) atoms of Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 (X = OL, NL, CN, BL, Cl, SL, Br, SeL, SiL, AsL, GeL, I, or TeL); Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) (X = O2L, N2L, S2L, Se2L, Si2L, As2L, Ge2L or Te2L); and Pt(η2-P,XL)2 (X = Si or Te). In the Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 derivatives the total mean Pt–P (trans to X) bond distance elongate in the sequence: 2.216 Å (X = O) < 2.233 Å (Br) < 2.240 Å (I) < 2.247 Å (S) < 2.249 Å (Se) < 2.260 Å (N) < 2.261 Å (Te) < 2.286 Å (Ge) < 2.290 Å (Cl) < 2.319 Å (Si) < 2.332 Å (B) < 2.335 Å (C), and the total mean Pt–X (trans to P) bond distance elongate in the sequence: 2.00 Å (X = C) < 2.045 Å (B) < 2.090 Å (O) < 2.10 Å (N) < 2.350 Å (S) < 2.356 Å (Cl) < 2.365 Å (Si) < 2.455 Å (Se) < 2.471 Å (Ge) < 2.490 Å (Br) < 2.585 Å (Te) < 2.666 Å (I). As can be seen from the respective bond distances, the “soft” donor ligands show a larger trans-influence than the “borderline” or “hard” ones. The sum of all four (Pt-P(x2) + Pt-X(x2) bond distances in these complexes with cis-configuration increases quite well with the covalent radius of the respective X donor atoms in the sequence: 8.61 Å (PtP2O2)< 8.67 Å (PtP2C2)< 8.72 Å (PtP2N2) < 8.75 Å (PtP2B2)< 9.19 Å (PtP2S2)< 9.29 Å (PtP2Cl2)< 9.37 Å (PtP2Si2) < 9.41 Å (PtP2Se2)(PtP2Ge2) < 9.45 Å (PtP2Br2) < 9.69 Å (PtP2Te2)< 9.81 Å (PtP2I2).

In the Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) (X = O2L, N2L, S2L, Se2L, Si2L, As2L, Ge2L, or Te2L) derivatives the total mean Pt–P (trans to X) bond distance elongate in the sequence: 2.215 Å (X = O) < 2.242 Å (N) < 2.254 Å (Te) < 2.257 Å (S) < 2.262 Å (Se) < 2.276 Å (As) < 2.283 Å (Ge) < 2.316 Å (Si). The total mean Pt-X (trans to P) elongate in the sequence: 2.06 Å (X = O) < 2.12 Å (N) < 2.328 Å (S) < 2.360 Å (Si) < 2.422 Å (As) < 2.455 Å (Se) < 2.458 Å (Ge) < 2.627 Å (Te). The sum of all four (Pt-P(x2) + Pt-X(x2)) bond distances in these complexes with cis-configuration growing in the sequence: 8.55 Å (PtP2O2)< 8.72 Å (PtP2N2)< 9.17 Å (PtP2S2)< 9.35 Å (PtP2Si2) < 9.40 Å (PtP2As2)< 9.43 Å (PtP2Se2)< 9.48 Å (PtP2Ge2)< 9.75 Å (PtP2Te2). As can be seen inner coordination sphere in Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) complexes is more crowded when X = O, S or Si, and less crowded when X = Se, Ge or Te; than in the Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 complexes. Noticeable, in the both types of complexes the volume of the inner coordination sphere is equal (8.72 Å) when X = N.

There are at least two contributing factors to the size of the L–Pt–L chelate bond angles both ligands based. One is the steric constraints imposed by the ligand, and the other is the need to accommodate the imposed ring size. The effects of both steric and electronic factors can be seen from the values of the L–Pt–L chelate angles. These angles open in the sequences (mean values):

four-membered: 65.0° (SiOSi) < 66.0° (OCO) < 70.9° (PNP) < 73.5° (PCP) < 74.5° (SCS) < 77.8° (SeCSe) < 83.1° (GeGeGe) < 85.3° (SePSe);

five-membered: 78.9° (NC2N, unsaturated) < 81.3° (OC2O) < 81.8° (NC2N, saturated) < 83.1° (SiC2Si) < 83.8° (AsC2As) < 84.0° (PCOP) < 86.1° (PC2P) < 86.9° (PC2Si) < 87.5° (SeSe2Se) < 88.5° (PC2Te) < 88.8° (SiSi2Si) < 89.0° (SC2S) < 89.7° (GeGe2Ge);

six-membered : 85.8° (SCSCS) < 87.0° (SPNPS) < 89.7° (PC3P) < 90.5° (OPOPO) < 91.2° (OBOBO) < 92.1° (SeC3Se) < 93.5° (SC3S) < 94.0° (PCNCP) < 95.2° (PCSiCP) < 95.7° (PCCNP) < 95.8° (PCSCP; POCNP) < 96.5° (PCCOP) < 97.0° (SPCPS);

seven-membered: 92.3° (SC4S) < 95.8° (OC4O) < 98.2° (PC4P).

It is hoped that this review well serve to draw together common structural threads and stimulate activity in areas of particular interest.

Abbreviations

(GePh2)3

1,1,2,2,3,3-hexaphenyltrigerman-1,3-diyl

Ge(H)(Bun)2

di-n-butylgermyl

Ge(H)(η2-(C12H8)

(biphenyl-2,2’-diyl) hydridogermyl

Ge(H)2(C12H17)

2,4,6-triethylphenyl)germyl

Ge(Me)(Ph)2

methyl(diphenyl)germyl

Ge(mes)3

tri(mesityl)germyl

Ge(Ph)2

di(phenyl)germyl

Me2P(CH2)2PMe2

1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane

(Ph)(Me)As(CH2)2As(Me)(Ph)

bis(phosphylmethylarsene)ethane-1,2-diyl

(Ph)(Me)P(C6H4)P(M)(Ph)

bis(phenylmethylphosphino)phenylene-1,2-diyl

Ph2P(C10H6)PPh2

naphtalene-1,8-diyl bis(diphenylphosphine)

Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2

1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane

Te(C4H3S)

2-thienyltellurate

Te(C5H8O)Te

oxetane-3,3-diyldimethanetellurate

Te(mes)3

2,4,6-trimethylbenzenetellurate

TePh

phenyltellurate

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the projects VEGA 1/0463/18, and APVV-15-0585.

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Received: 2020-07-01
Accepted: 2020-07-16
Published Online: 2020-08-11

© 2020 Melník and Mikuš, published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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  4. Green synthesis and characterization of hexaferrite strontium-perovskite strontium photocatalyst nanocomposites
  5. Assessment of content and chemical forms of arsenic, copper, lead, and chromium in sewage sludge compost as affected by various bulking agents
  6. Preparation of skeletally diverse quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones using Na2SiO3/SnFe2O4 catalytic system through a four-component reaction
  7. Efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic dye from aqueous solutions over zinc oxide incorporated nanocellulose under visible light irradiation
  8. Synthesis of pyrimidines by Fe3O4@SiO2-L-proline nanoparticles
  9. Abnormally aggregation-induced emissions observed from hydrogen- and silyl-substituted siloles
  10. Organodiphosphines in PtP2X2 (X = As, Ge or Te) derivatives – Structural aspects
  11. Synthesis and structural characterization of dialkyltin complexes of N-salicylidene-L-valine
  12. Ultrasound-promoted solvent-free synthesis of some new α-aminophosphonates as potential antioxidants
  13. Occupational exposure in lead and zinc mines induces oxidative stress in miners lymphocytes: Role of mitochondrial/lysosomal damage
  14. Eccentric topological properties of a graph associated to a finite dimensional vector space
  15. Magnetically recoverable nanostructured Pd complex of dendrimeric type ligand on the MCM-41: Preparation, characterization and catalytic activity in the Heck reaction
  16. Short Communications
  17. The crystal structure of the first ether solvate of hexaphenyldistannane [(Ph3Sn)2 • 2 THF]
  18. New crystal structures of alkali metal tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borates
  19. s-Block metal scorpionates – A new sodium hydrido-tris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)borate salt showing an unusual core stabilized by bridging and terminal O-bonded DMSO ligands
  20. Reduction of a 1,4-diazabutadiene and 2,2’-bipyridine using magnesium(I) compounds
  21. fac-Bis(phenoxatellurine) tricarbonyl manganese(I) bromide
  22. A new 2D dibutyltin coordination polymer with 3,5-dinitrosalicylate and 4,4’-bipyridine ligands
  23. Review
  24. Structures of Pt(0)P3, Pt(0)P4 and Pt(II)P4 – Distortion isomers
  25. Special Issue: Topological descriptors of chemical networks: Theoretical studies (Guest Editors: Muhammad Imran and Muhammad Javaid)
  26. Modified Zagreb connection indices of the T-sum graphs
  27. Topological properties of metal-organic frameworks
  28. Eccentricity based topological indices of siloxane and POPAM dendrimers
  29. On topological aspects of degree based entropy for two carbon nanosheets
  30. On multiplicative degree based topological indices for planar octahedron networks
  31. Computing entire Zagreb indices of some dendrimer structures
https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2020-0016
Keywords for this article
organodiphosphines; PtP2X2 (X = As, Ge, Te); structures; review; trans-influence
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BY 4.0

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Research Articles
  2. An accelerated and effective synthesis of zinc borate from zinc sulfate using sonochemistry
  3. A new approach on lithium-induced neurotoxicity using rat neuronal cortical culture: Involvement of oxidative stress and lysosomal/mitochondrial toxic Cross-Talk
  4. Green synthesis and characterization of hexaferrite strontium-perovskite strontium photocatalyst nanocomposites
  5. Assessment of content and chemical forms of arsenic, copper, lead, and chromium in sewage sludge compost as affected by various bulking agents
  6. Preparation of skeletally diverse quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones using Na2SiO3/SnFe2O4 catalytic system through a four-component reaction
  7. Efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic dye from aqueous solutions over zinc oxide incorporated nanocellulose under visible light irradiation
  8. Synthesis of pyrimidines by Fe3O4@SiO2-L-proline nanoparticles
  9. Abnormally aggregation-induced emissions observed from hydrogen- and silyl-substituted siloles
  10. Organodiphosphines in PtP2X2 (X = As, Ge or Te) derivatives – Structural aspects
  11. Synthesis and structural characterization of dialkyltin complexes of N-salicylidene-L-valine
  12. Ultrasound-promoted solvent-free synthesis of some new α-aminophosphonates as potential antioxidants
  13. Occupational exposure in lead and zinc mines induces oxidative stress in miners lymphocytes: Role of mitochondrial/lysosomal damage
  14. Eccentric topological properties of a graph associated to a finite dimensional vector space
  15. Magnetically recoverable nanostructured Pd complex of dendrimeric type ligand on the MCM-41: Preparation, characterization and catalytic activity in the Heck reaction
  16. Short Communications
  17. The crystal structure of the first ether solvate of hexaphenyldistannane [(Ph3Sn)2 • 2 THF]
  18. New crystal structures of alkali metal tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borates
  19. s-Block metal scorpionates – A new sodium hydrido-tris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)borate salt showing an unusual core stabilized by bridging and terminal O-bonded DMSO ligands
  20. Reduction of a 1,4-diazabutadiene and 2,2’-bipyridine using magnesium(I) compounds
  21. fac-Bis(phenoxatellurine) tricarbonyl manganese(I) bromide
  22. A new 2D dibutyltin coordination polymer with 3,5-dinitrosalicylate and 4,4’-bipyridine ligands
  23. Review
  24. Structures of Pt(0)P3, Pt(0)P4 and Pt(II)P4 – Distortion isomers
  25. Special Issue: Topological descriptors of chemical networks: Theoretical studies (Guest Editors: Muhammad Imran and Muhammad Javaid)
  26. Modified Zagreb connection indices of the T-sum graphs
  27. Topological properties of metal-organic frameworks
  28. Eccentricity based topological indices of siloxane and POPAM dendrimers
  29. On topological aspects of degree based entropy for two carbon nanosheets
  30. On multiplicative degree based topological indices for planar octahedron networks
  31. Computing entire Zagreb indices of some dendrimer structures
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