Enabling ultra-high bit rate transmission with CFBG as dispersion compensator in an OptiSpan 240 km DWDM network
-
Baseerat Gul
and
Sajad Nabi
Abstract
In this paper, a dispersion compensation technique for an ultra-long haul optical network utilizing a chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) is presented. A high bit-rate signal of 40 Gbps is inputted into each channel. The CFBG, employed for dispersion compensation, is positioned after demultiplexing, enabling effortless network upgrades. The grating parameters of the implemented CFBG are mathematically analyzed and optimized to counteract net dispersion of over 3153 ps/nm across the channel. The design is verified using the OptiSystem software, resulting in a successful transmission up to 240 km with an average Q-factor of 8.09, utilizing an amplification gain of 49.5 dB. Additionally, the achieved optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) level using the symmetrical amplification technique surpasses the acceptable value, with an average bit error rate of 10−16.
Acknowledgments
No AI tool is used.
-
Research ethics: The work has followed all research ethics.
-
Author contributions: Both authors contributed equally.
-
Competing interests: No competing Interest.
-
Research funding: No funding.
-
Data availability: Not applicale.
References
1. Kumar, S, Rathee, S, Arora, P. Evaluation of chirped fiber Bragg grating with APD on designed optical fiber communication link. J Opt Commun 2023;44:311–21. https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2019-0120.Search in Google Scholar
2. Gul, B, Ahmad, F. Design and performance investigation of Gaussian apodized FBG as hybrid dispersion compensation module for long-haul optical link. J Opt Commun 2024;45:s601–10. https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2022-0019.Search in Google Scholar
3. Ali, AH, Kadhim, SA, Kazr, KA, Lateef, AT. Simulation and performance analysis of a fiber communication system based on FBG as dispersion compensator. Int J New Technol Res 2018;4:62–6.10.14419/ijet.v7i4.24037Search in Google Scholar
4. Tosi, D. Review of chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) fiber-optic sensors and their applications. Sensors 2018;18:2147. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18072147.Search in Google Scholar
5. Gul, B, Ahmad, F. Review of FBG and DCF as dispersion management unit for long haul optical links and WDM systems. Opt Quant Electron 2023;55:557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-04852-3.Search in Google Scholar
6. Mohammed, NA, Solaiman, M, Aly, MH. Design and performance evaluation of a dispersion compensation unit using several chirping functions in a tanh apodized FBG and comparison with dispersion compensation fiber. Appl Opt 2014;53. https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.53.00h239.Search in Google Scholar
7. Khan, SSA, Islam, MS. Determination of the best apodization function and grating length of linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating for dispersion compensation. J Commun 2012;7:840–6. https://doi.org/10.4304/jcm.7.11.840-846.Search in Google Scholar
8. Sharma, A, Singh, I, Bhattacharya, S, Sharma, S. Performance comparison of DCF and FBG as dispersion compensation techniques at 100 Gbps over 120 km using SMF. In: Nanoelectronics, circuits and communication systems. Singapore: Springer; 2019:pp. 435–49 pp.10.1007/978-981-13-0776-8_40Search in Google Scholar
9. Hussein, TF, Rizk, MRM, Aly, MH. A hybrid DCF/FBG scheme for dispersion compensation over a 300 km SMF. Opt Quant Electron 2019;51:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-1823-y.Search in Google Scholar
10. Meena, D, Meena, ML. Design and analysis of novel dispersion compensating model with chirp fiber Bragg grating for long-haul transmission system. In: Optical and wireless technologies. Singapore: Springer; 2020:pp. 29–36 pp.10.1007/978-981-13-6159-3_4Search in Google Scholar
11. Palumbo, G, Tosi, D, Iadicicco, A, Campopiano, S. Analysis and design of Chirped fiber Bragg grating for temperature sensing for possible biomedical applications. IEEE Photon J 2018;10:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2018.2829623.Search in Google Scholar
12. Ranathive, S, Vinoth Kumar, K, Rashed, ANZ, Tabbour, MSF, Sundararajan, TVP. Performance signature of optical fiber communications dispersion compensation techniques for the control of dispersion management. J Opt Commun 2022;43:611–23. https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2019-0021.Search in Google Scholar
13. Ali, AH, Abdulwahed, SH, Al-Ja’afari, MAM. Investigation of the different compensation methods for single optical channel. J Eng Appl Sci 2019;14:3018–22. https://doi.org/10.36478/jeasci.2019.3018.3022.Search in Google Scholar
14. Gul, B, Ahmad, F. Fiber Bragg grating as a sole dispersion compensation unit for a long haul optical link. Photonic Netw Commun 2023;46:68–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-023-01001-4.Search in Google Scholar
15. Panda, TK, Behera, ABM, Polei, S. Performance comparison of fiber bragg grating for different grating length, apodization function and chirp function. In:2020 international conference on computer science, engineering and applications (ICCSEA). IEEE; 2020. pp. 1–5.10.1109/ICCSEA49143.2020.9132943Search in Google Scholar
16. Sayed, AF, Mustafa, FM, Khalaf, AAM, Aly, MH. Spectral width reduction using apodized cascaded fiber Bragg grating for post-dispersion compensation in WDM optical networks. Photonic Netw Commun 2021;41:231–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-021-00926-y.Search in Google Scholar
17. Dar, AB, Kumar Jha, R. Design and comparative performance analysis of different chirping profiles of tanh apodized fiber Bragg grating and comparison with the dispersion compensation fiber for long-haul transmission system. J Mod Opt 2017;64:555–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500340.2016.1249974.Search in Google Scholar
18. Neheeda, P, Pradeep, M, Shaija, PJ. Analysis of WDM system with dispersion compensation schemes. Procedia Comput Sci 2016;93:647–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.07.254.Search in Google Scholar
19. Meena, ML, Meena, D. Performance analysis of DWDM optical network with dispersion compensation techniques for 4×8 GBPS transmission system. ICTACT J Microelectron 2018;4:613–7.Search in Google Scholar
20. Aggarwal, S, Garg, N, Kaur, G. Performance evaluation of various dispersion compensation modules. Wireless Pers Commun 2022;123:2011–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-09226-0.Search in Google Scholar
21. Ahlawat, D, Arora, P, Kumar, S. Performance evaluation of proposed WDM optical link using EDFA and FBG combination. J Opt Commun 2019;40:101–7. https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2018-0044.Search in Google Scholar
22. Ghosh, C, Priye, V. Dispersion compensation in a 24× 20 Gbps DWDM system by cascaded chirped FBGs. Optik 2018;164:335–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.03.037.Search in Google Scholar
23. Senior, JM, Yousif Jamro, M. Optical fiber communications: principles and practice. Pearson Education; 2009.Search in Google Scholar
24. Ashry, I., A. Elrashidi, A. Mahros, M. Alhaddad, and K. Elleithy. Investigating the performance of apodized fiber Bragg gratings for sensing applications. In Proceedings of the 2014 zone 1 conference of the American society for engineering education. IEEE; 2014: 1–5 pp.10.1109/ASEEZone1.2014.6820640Search in Google Scholar
25. Gul, B, Ahmad, F. Cost-effective dispersion compensator for ultra-long-haul optical networks. Natl Acad Sci Lett 2023;46:403–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-023-01268-1.Search in Google Scholar
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Amplifiers
- Detailed scrutiny of FWM in holmium-doped fiber amplifier (HOFA) in WDM systems
- A double clad ASE Re-injected hybrid TDFA and HDFA amplifier with ±1.44 dB GF
- Detectors
- Performance parameters estimation of high speed Silicon/Germanium/InGaAsP avalanche photodiodes wide bandwidth capability in ultra high speed optical communication system
- Devices
- Performance study of microwave photonic links by considering the effect of phase shifters and bias conditions on dual-drive dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator
- Fibers
- High birefringence low loss nearly zero flat dispersion similar to slotted core photonic crystal fibers
- Comparative analysis of high index core micro structured optical fibers (HIMSOF) and hollow core band gap fibers (HCBGF) performance efficiency in fiber communication system
- Management of lateral misalignment loss and total insertion loss with beam waist control in high contrast single mode coupling fibers
- Networks
- Enabling ultra-high bit rate transmission with CFBG as dispersion compensator in an OptiSpan 240 km DWDM network
- Performance and energy efficiency enhancement of existing optical communication systems by incorporating resource allocation on demand technique in FiWi networks
- A fiber-wireless integration approach in WDM-PON architecture, boosted with polarization multiplexing and optical frequency comb source
- Optimizing Fi-Wi network performance through advanced multiplexing techniques: a comparative analysis for enhanced quality metrics
- Synergizing intelligent signal processing with wavelength-division multiplexing for enhanced efficiency and speed in photonic network communications
- Systems
- Simulation design for Ro-FSO communications system by digital modulation schemes
- Implementing green optical waveform system using hybrid cognitive methods for QAM transmission scheme
- MZM–SOA based RoF system for 30-tuple millimeter-wave generation
- Hybrid optical-electronic compensation of fiber nonlinearity for long-haul coherent optical transmission
- High speed operation efficiency of doped light sources with the silica-doped fiber channel for extended optical fiber system reach
- Relative intensity noise management and thermal/shot noise control for high speed ultra high bandwidth fiber reach transmission performance
- Simulative analysis of carrier suppressed return to zero based symmetrical compensated optical link
- A combination of DST precoder and ICF based-methods for PAPR suppression in OFDM signal
- Evaluating the effectiveness of various diversity and combining techniques on an RF-FSO link
- Comparative study of DCT-and DHT-based OFDM systems over doubly dispersive fading channels
- Design and performance of WDM system for high-speed optical communication on different modulation formats
- Transmission of data rate by radio over free space optical communications system under turbulence conditions
- Implementation of companding scheme for performance enhancement of optical OFDM structure
- Theory
- High thermal stability and high-performance efficiency capability of light sources–based rate equation models in optical fiber transmission systems
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Amplifiers
- Detailed scrutiny of FWM in holmium-doped fiber amplifier (HOFA) in WDM systems
- A double clad ASE Re-injected hybrid TDFA and HDFA amplifier with ±1.44 dB GF
- Detectors
- Performance parameters estimation of high speed Silicon/Germanium/InGaAsP avalanche photodiodes wide bandwidth capability in ultra high speed optical communication system
- Devices
- Performance study of microwave photonic links by considering the effect of phase shifters and bias conditions on dual-drive dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator
- Fibers
- High birefringence low loss nearly zero flat dispersion similar to slotted core photonic crystal fibers
- Comparative analysis of high index core micro structured optical fibers (HIMSOF) and hollow core band gap fibers (HCBGF) performance efficiency in fiber communication system
- Management of lateral misalignment loss and total insertion loss with beam waist control in high contrast single mode coupling fibers
- Networks
- Enabling ultra-high bit rate transmission with CFBG as dispersion compensator in an OptiSpan 240 km DWDM network
- Performance and energy efficiency enhancement of existing optical communication systems by incorporating resource allocation on demand technique in FiWi networks
- A fiber-wireless integration approach in WDM-PON architecture, boosted with polarization multiplexing and optical frequency comb source
- Optimizing Fi-Wi network performance through advanced multiplexing techniques: a comparative analysis for enhanced quality metrics
- Synergizing intelligent signal processing with wavelength-division multiplexing for enhanced efficiency and speed in photonic network communications
- Systems
- Simulation design for Ro-FSO communications system by digital modulation schemes
- Implementing green optical waveform system using hybrid cognitive methods for QAM transmission scheme
- MZM–SOA based RoF system for 30-tuple millimeter-wave generation
- Hybrid optical-electronic compensation of fiber nonlinearity for long-haul coherent optical transmission
- High speed operation efficiency of doped light sources with the silica-doped fiber channel for extended optical fiber system reach
- Relative intensity noise management and thermal/shot noise control for high speed ultra high bandwidth fiber reach transmission performance
- Simulative analysis of carrier suppressed return to zero based symmetrical compensated optical link
- A combination of DST precoder and ICF based-methods for PAPR suppression in OFDM signal
- Evaluating the effectiveness of various diversity and combining techniques on an RF-FSO link
- Comparative study of DCT-and DHT-based OFDM systems over doubly dispersive fading channels
- Design and performance of WDM system for high-speed optical communication on different modulation formats
- Transmission of data rate by radio over free space optical communications system under turbulence conditions
- Implementation of companding scheme for performance enhancement of optical OFDM structure
- Theory
- High thermal stability and high-performance efficiency capability of light sources–based rate equation models in optical fiber transmission systems
