Antibacterial, anthelmintic, and analgesic activities of Piper sylvaticum (Roxb.) leaves and in silico molecular docking and PASS prediction studies of its isolated compounds
-
Md. Nazim Uddin Chy
, Nishan Chakrabarty
, Ajoy Roy , Arkajyoti Paul, Khadija Aktar Emu
, Trishala Dutta , Emon Dutta , Irin Ferdous , Raju Das , Md. Jahid Hasan und Syeda Mashnia Tasnim
Abstract
Background
In the present study, we investigated the antibacterial, anthelmintic, and analgesic activities of methanol extract of P. sylvaticum leaves (MEPSL) in experimental models. Then, computational analysis (in silico molecular docking and PASS prediction) was performed to determine the potent phytoconstituents of total six isolated compounds of this plant for antibacterial and anthelmintic activities.
Methods
Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical studies were carried out by established methods. In vitro antibacterial activity was determined by disc diffusion technique and anthelmintic activity was tested against Tubifex tubifex worm whereas analgesic activity was determined by the acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice. Molecular docking study was performed using Schrödinger Maestro 10.1 and an online tool used for PASS prediction.
Results
Our phytochemical study revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and also indicated a substantial amount of phenols (65.83 mg), flavonoids (102.56 mg), and condensed tannins (89.32 mg). MEPSL showed good antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Our result exhibited that MEPSL has strong anthelmintic action compared to standard levamisole. In addition, the extract also showed a dose-dependent and statistically significant analgesic activity at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, body weight. Docking studies showed that piperine and piperlonguminine have the best scores for the tested enzymes. PASS predicted the antibacterial and anthelmintic activity of both phytoconstituents.
Conclusions
This study suggests that MEPSL possess significant antibacterial, anthelmintic, and analgesic activities which could be related to the presence of several phytochemicals. The phytoconstituents, i.e. piperine and piperlonguminine were found to be most effective in computational studies.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Bangladesh for providing all the laboratory facilities and support to conduct this research work. We are also grateful to Professor Dr Shaikh Bokhtear Uddin for identifying the plant.
Author’s contributions: M.N.U.C., N. C., and A.P. conceived and designed the experiments. M.N.U.C., N.C., A.R., K.A.E., T.D., E.D., I.F., and R.D. prepared the extract, carried out experimental work, data collection and evaluation, and literature search. M.J.H. and S.M.T. did the literature search, participated in antibacterial and analgesic studies, collected data, and helped to write the relevant portions. M.N.U.C., N.C., R.D., and A.P. performed the computational study, analyzed the data and wrote the final manuscript. This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. All authors have seen, read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest
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Supplementary Material
The online version of this article offers supplementary material (DOI:https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2018-0176).
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