Abstract
Kedrostis africana (L.) Cogn (Cucurbitaceae) is used in South African traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia as an emetic, purgative and diuretic, and it is used against dropsy in the management of obesity.
Aim of the study
In this study, acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of K. africanatuber was evaluated in male and female Wistar rats in order to assess its safety profile.
Materials and methods
In acute toxicity, the effects of a single oral dose (2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg) of aqueous extract was determined in both sexes. General behavior, adverse effects and mortality were determined for 3 h and then periodically for 14 days. The subchronic toxicity test was performed in rats. The effects of the extract in daily single oral administration at the doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg for 28 days were determined. Food and water intakes were monitored daily while body weight was monitored on a weekly bases. Hematological, biochemical and organ parameters were determined at the end of the 28-day administration.
Results
In the acute study, a single administration of the aqueous extract at the doses of 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg did not induce mortality. Thus, the LD50 of the aqueous extract of K. africana (AEKA) has been estimated to be higher than 5,000 mg/kg. In the subchronic study, daily oral administration of the AEKA did not result in death of the rats or significant changes in hematological or biochemical parameters at the highest dose of 600 mg/kg. No alteration was observed in body weight, food and water intake. Liver, kidney and heart histopathology did not reveal morphological alteration.
Conclusions
The results showed that the aqueous tuber extract of K. africana did not cause any death, nor did it cause abnormalities in necropsy and histopathology findings. There were no acute or subchronic toxicity observed, and this indicates that the plant extract could be considered safe for oral medication.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: The authors wish to appreciate the financial support of Govan Mbeki Research Development Centre (GMRDC), University of Fort Hare, South Africa. Grant number C127.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
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© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
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- Acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of the tuber of Kedrostis africana (L.) Cogn in Wistar rats
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- Effects of Spiritist “passe” (Spiritual healing) on stress hormone, pain, physiological parameters and length of stay in preterm newborns: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial
- Short Communication
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Pre-clinical Studies
- Acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of the tuber of Kedrostis africana (L.) Cogn in Wistar rats
- Protective effects of persian honey, Apis Mellifera Meda Skorikov on side effects of chemotherapy and ischemia/reperfusion induced testicular injury
- Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds and essential oils from Calamintha nepeta L.
- Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties of aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts from Nauclea pobeguinii (Rubiacee) in rats
- Testicular and spermatotoxic potential of methanol extract of red cultivar Allium cepa in rats
- Clinical Studies
- Premature ovarian failure of autoimmune etiology in 46XX patients: is there a hope?
- African crocus (Curculigo pilosa) and wonderful kola (Buchholzia coriacea) seeds modulate critical enzymes relevant to erectile dysfunction and oxidative stress
- Effect of foot reflexology and slow stroke back massage on the severity of fatigue in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A semi-experimental study
- Effects of Spiritist “passe” (Spiritual healing) on stress hormone, pain, physiological parameters and length of stay in preterm newborns: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial
- Short Communication
- A pilot-study of hypnotherapy as complementary treatment for pain in chronic pancreatitis
- Neuroprotective effect of curcumin nanoparticles against rat model of status epilepticus induced by pilocarpine
- Yoga practice to improve sleep quality and body composition parameters of obese male - a randomized controlled trial
- Association between a guided meditation practice, sleep and psychological well-being in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
- Case study
- Effect of yoga and naturopathy on liver, renal and cardiorespiratory functions of a patient with hepatic cirrhosis with portal hypertension and ascites: a case report
- Review
- Phytochemistry, bioactivity: suggestion of Ceratonia siliqua L. as neurodegenerative disease therapy
- Abstracts
- 2018 INCAM Research Symposium: Complementary and Integrative Medicine Research in an Era of Skepticism