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Navigating nephropathy and nephrotoxicity: understanding pathophysiology unveiling clinical manifestations, and exploring treatment approaches

  • Aysha Javed , Tarique Mahmood EMAIL logo , Reshu Tiwari , Farogh Ahsan , Vaseem Ahamad Ansari , Shahzadi Bano , Mohd Masih Uzzam Khan and Anas Khan
Published/Copyright: February 19, 2025
Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
From the journal Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology Volume 36 Issue 2-3

Abstract

Nephropathy and nephrotoxicity are significant causes of renal impairment, with both conditions contributing to a substantial global healthcare burden. Nephropathy encompasses a range of kidney diseases, including glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, and polycystic kidney disease, each with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical manifestations. Nephrotoxicity, often induced by environmental toxins or medications, can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) if not properly managed. Understanding the underlying processes and risk factors for kidney damage is crucial to preventing and treating these conditions effectively. However, while considerable research exists on each of these topics, there remains a gap in integrated knowledge regarding the diverse pathophysiological pathways, the role of early detection, and the optimal management strategies for nephropathy and nephrotoxicity. While substantial research has been conducted on nephropathy and nephrotoxicity, there remains a year gap in fully understanding the diverse mechanisms of kidney damage across different etiologies and their long-term implications for renal health. This work aimed to fill this gap by synthesizing current research on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment approaches for both nephropathy and nephrotoxicity. Major findings highlight the importance of early detection through biomarkers, the need for vigilant monitoring of renal function, and the role of avoiding nephrotoxic agents in both medical and environmental contexts. The paper also emphasizes the critical role of individualized treatment approaches, including the careful use of medications to prevent drug-induced nephropathy.

Keywords: nephropathy; nephrotoxicity; acute kidney disorder; renal function; chronic kidney disease
Corresponding author: Dr. Tarique Mahmood, Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226026, India, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

The authors express their gratitude toward Honourable Chancellor Prof. S.W. Akhtar and Honourable Vice-Chancellor Prof. Javed Musarrat, Integral University for providing conductive research environment and facilities in the university. The university has provided a Manuscript communication number for this manuscript (IU/R&D/2024-MCN0002463).

  1. Research ethics: Not Applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not Applicable. No human studies have been performed.

  3. Author contributions: AJ has collected the manuscripts and written the manuscript, TM: Conceptualizations, RT: Supervision; FA has edited, checked and communicated the manuscript, VAA: Review, SB: Visualization, IK has prepared the manuscript as per instruction to the author, MMZK: Formal analysis. All authors provided feedback on earlier versions of the manuscript and have given their approval for the final version. All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared. Authors didn’t used any Large Language Models.

  5. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  6. Research funding: None Declared. No financial support, grants, or other assistance was received in the process of performing the experiment & preparing this manuscript.

  7. Data availability: Not Applicable. Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

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Received: 2024-11-21
Accepted: 2025-01-17
Published Online: 2025-02-19

© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Navigating nephropathy and nephrotoxicity: understanding pathophysiology unveiling clinical manifestations, and exploring treatment approaches
  4. Incretin-based therapies: advancements, challenges, and future directions in type 2 diabetes management
  5. Point-of-care testing: revolutionizing clinical biochemistry using decentralized diagnostics
  6. The impact of heavy metals exposure on male fertility: a scoping review of human studies
  7. Glucagon in glucose homeostasis and metabolic disease: from physiology to therapeutics
  8. The efficacy of dietary supplements on health status and performance of football players: a systematic review
  9. Original Articles
  10. Factors affecting self-care in heart failure patients: a cross-sectional study
  11. Physiological regulation of moderate-intensity exercise in improving the biomarkers visfatin and myonectin as a modulator of increasing metabolic performance in obese
  12. A comparative study of heart rate variability (HRV) among adult hypertensive and normotensive subjects in the supine position
  13. Elevated seminal plasma leptin may correlate with varicocele presence and BMI
  14. Clinical significance of detectable blood lead and cadmium in the Sarno river basin population: results from the PREVES-STOP study
  15. Outcomes of systemic thrombolysis with reteplase in high-risk acute pulmonary embolism
  16. The pharmacokinetics and comparative bioavailabilty of oral and subcutaneous semaglutide in healthy volunteers
  17. Short Communications
  18. Approaching a phenomenal contradiction in acid–base physiology
  19. Current trends and innovations in oral and maxillofacial surgery
  20. Letter to the Editor
  21. The need for quality certification for urological apps
https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0220
Keywords for this article
nephropathy; nephrotoxicity; acute kidney disorder; renal function; chronic kidney disease

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Navigating nephropathy and nephrotoxicity: understanding pathophysiology unveiling clinical manifestations, and exploring treatment approaches
  4. Incretin-based therapies: advancements, challenges, and future directions in type 2 diabetes management
  5. Point-of-care testing: revolutionizing clinical biochemistry using decentralized diagnostics
  6. The impact of heavy metals exposure on male fertility: a scoping review of human studies
  7. Glucagon in glucose homeostasis and metabolic disease: from physiology to therapeutics
  8. The efficacy of dietary supplements on health status and performance of football players: a systematic review
  9. Original Articles
  10. Factors affecting self-care in heart failure patients: a cross-sectional study
  11. Physiological regulation of moderate-intensity exercise in improving the biomarkers visfatin and myonectin as a modulator of increasing metabolic performance in obese
  12. A comparative study of heart rate variability (HRV) among adult hypertensive and normotensive subjects in the supine position
  13. Elevated seminal plasma leptin may correlate with varicocele presence and BMI
  14. Clinical significance of detectable blood lead and cadmium in the Sarno river basin population: results from the PREVES-STOP study
  15. Outcomes of systemic thrombolysis with reteplase in high-risk acute pulmonary embolism
  16. The pharmacokinetics and comparative bioavailabilty of oral and subcutaneous semaglutide in healthy volunteers
  17. Short Communications
  18. Approaching a phenomenal contradiction in acid–base physiology
  19. Current trends and innovations in oral and maxillofacial surgery
  20. Letter to the Editor
  21. The need for quality certification for urological apps
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