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The influence of language contact and ethnic identification on Chinese as a second language learners’ oral proficiency

  • An Ziyi , Gong Yang Frank ORCID logo EMAIL logo and Chen Mo
Published/Copyright: January 23, 2024

Abstract

Language contact is widely recognized as a factor that can have a significant impact on second language (L2) learners’ oral proficiency. However, the existing literature on this topic lacks consistency regarding the extent to which language contact can affect L2 oral outcomes. To address this issue, the present study investigates the role of ethnic identification as a mediating factor in the context of Chinese as a second language (CSL). By utilizing structural equation models (SEMs), this study reveals that: (1) language contact can directly affect Chinese oral proficiency, with interactive contact having a particular impact on oral fluency; (2) language contact indirectly affects CSL learners’ oral acquisition through ethnic identification, especially in terms of oral complexity and accuracy; and (3) language contact significantly influences ethnic identification. By constructing models that explore the relationships among language contact, ethnic identification, and Chinese oral proficiency, this study contributes to current theories of language contact in the L2 acquisition domain by highlighting the crucial role of ethnic identification.


Corresponding author: Gong Yang Frank, Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Room 2029, E33, Av. da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China, E-mail:

Funding source: International Chinese Education Research Project of the Center for Language Education and Cooperation, Ministry of Education

Award Identifier / Grant number: 20YH16C

Funding source: Research Project of the International Chinese Education Base of the Center for Language Education and Cooperation, Ministry of Education

Award Identifier / Grant number: 22YHJD1030

Funding source: Research Funds of School of Chinese Studies and Culture Exchange, Renmin University of China

Award Identifier / Grant number: RMSCSCE-21002

  1. Research funding: This work was supported by International Chinese Education Research Project of the Center for Language Education and Cooperation, Ministry of Education (20YH16C), Research Project of the International Chinese Education Base of the Center for Language Education and Cooperation, Ministry of Education (22YHJD1030) and Research Funds of School of Chinese Studies and Culture Exchange, Renmin University of China (RMSCSCE-21002).

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Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/iral-2023-0221).


Received: 2023-09-12
Accepted: 2024-01-09
Published Online: 2024-01-23
Published in Print: 2025-09-25

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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