Startseite Multi-layer co-extrusion blow molding
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Multi-layer co-extrusion blow molding

  • Erik Steinmetz , Seamus Scanlon , Tyler Schneider und João Maia EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 22. Dezember 2023
Veröffentlichen auch Sie bei De Gruyter Brill
Manuskript einreichen Informationen für Autor*innen
International Polymer Processing
Aus der Zeitschrift International Polymer Processing Band 39 Heft 2

Abstract

Multi-layer co-extrusion via the layer multiplication technique and a blow-molding set-up were used to produce bottles with a 129-layered structure of a model system of alternating polystyrene (PS) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) layers. This method shows layer retention and thickness control with the use of melt rotation during the extrusion process. Samples were extruded and deformed angularly at different rotation speeds, blow-molded into bottles, and the overall wall thickness and analysis of individual layer thicknesses were performed. Angular rotation leads to weld line deformation and a change in layer thickness above a critical rotation speed in which the weld lines, inherited in the extrusion of the tube structures, are suitably deformed helically leading to uniform deformation during the blowing process. This method has potentially large implications for single cavity blow molding processes where high-performance properties, e.g., high barrier, insulation, mechanical, are of upmost importance, potential industries include gas transport, specialty packaging, and medical.

Keywords: multi-layer; co-extrusion; blow molding; weld line; bottles
Corresponding author: João Maia, Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 44106, Cleveland, OH, USA, E-mail:
Current address: Tyler Schneider, W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc., 501 Vieves Way, Elkton, MD 21921, USA.

  1. Research ethics: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013).

  2. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study, or their legal guardians or wards.

  3. Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  5. Research funding: None declared.

  6. Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

References

Adhikari, R., Lebek, W., Godehardt, R., Henning, S., Michler, G.H., Baer, E., and Hiltner, A. (2005). Investigating morphology and deformation behavior of multilayered PC/PET composites. Polym. Adv. Technol. 16: 95–101, https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.579.Suche in Google Scholar

Adhikari, R., Seydewitz, V., Löschner, K., Michler, G.H., Hiltner, A., and Baer, E. (2010). Structure and properties of multilayered PET/PC composites. Macromol. Symp. 290: 156–165, https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.201050418.Suche in Google Scholar

Beadie, G., Shirk, J.S., Rosenberg, A., Lane, P.A., Fleet, E., Kamdar, A.R., Jin, Y., Ponting, M., Kazmierczak, T., Yang, Y., et al.. (2008). Optical properties of a bio-inspired gradient refractive index polymer lens. Opt. Express 16: 11540–11547, https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.011540.Suche in Google Scholar

Bernal-Lara, T.E., Ranade, A., Hiltner, A., and Baer, E. (2005). Chapter 15 nano- and microlayered polymer: structure and properties. In: Michler, G.H. and Baltá-Calleja, F.J. (Eds.). Mechanical properties of polymers based on nanostructure and morphology. Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, pp. 641–693.Suche in Google Scholar

Carr, J.M., Langhe, D.S., Ponting, M.T., Hiltner, A., and Baer, E. (2012). Confined crystallization in polymer nanolayered films: a review. J. Mater. Res. 27: 1326–1350, https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2012.17.Suche in Google Scholar

Feng, J., Li, Z., Olah, A., and Baer, E. (2018). High oxygen barrier multilayer EVOH/LDPE film/foam. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 135: 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.46425.Suche in Google Scholar

Han, T., Wang, X., Xiong, Y., Li, J., Guo, S., and Chen, G. (2015). Light-weight poly(vinyl chloride)-based soundproofing composites with foam/film alternating multilayered structure. Compos. Appl. Sci. Manuf. 78: 27–34, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.07.013.Suche in Google Scholar

Harris, P.J., Carson, S.O., Gadley, J.L., and Maia, J. (2015). Multilayer coextrusion of rubber compounds. Polym. Eng. Sci. 55: 1520–1527, https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24097.Suche in Google Scholar

Harris, P.J., Patz, J., Huntington, B.A., Bonnecaze, R.T., Meltzer, D., and Maia, J. (2014). Improved interfacial surface generator for the co-extrusion of micro- and nanolayered polymers. Polym. Eng. Sci. 54: 636–645, https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.23597.Suche in Google Scholar

Harris, P.J. (2015). Layered polymeric systems: new processing methods and novel mechanical design in extensional rheology. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1410544432.Suche in Google Scholar

Herbert, M.M., Andrade, R., Ishida, H., Maia, J., and Schiraldi, D. (2013). Multilayered confinement of iPP/TPOSS and nylon 6/APOSS blends. Polymer 54: 6992–7003, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2013.11.001.Suche in Google Scholar

Huang, R. (2014). Multilayer co-extrusion and twin-screw compounding of polymeric elastomer systems. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1404864078.Suche in Google Scholar

Huang, R., Silva, J., Huntington, B.A., Patz, J., Andrade, R., Harris, P.J., Yin, K., Cox, M., Bonnecaze, R.T., and Maia, J.M. (2015a). Co-extrusion layer multiplication of rheologically mismatched polymers: a novel processing route. Int. Polym. Process. 30: 317–330, https://doi.org/10.3139/217.2955.Suche in Google Scholar

Huang, R., Chari, P., Tseng, J., Zhang, G., Cox, M., and Maia, J. (2015b). Microconfinement effect on gas barrier and mechanical properties of multilayer rigid/soft thermoplastic polyurethane films. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 132: 41849, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.41849.Suche in Google Scholar

Huntington, B.A., Chabert, E., Rahal, S., Patz, J., Silva, J., Harris, P., Maia, J., and Bonnecaze, R.T. (2013). Distortion of interfaces in a multilayer polymer co-extrusion feedblock. Int. Polym. Process. 28: 274–280, https://doi.org/10.3139/217.2725.Suche in Google Scholar

Jarus, D., Hiltner, A., and Baer, E. (2002). Barrier properties of polypropylene/polyamide blends produced by microlayer coextrusion. Polymer 43: 2401–2408, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00790-X.Suche in Google Scholar

Lee, S., Zhu, L., and Maia, J. (2015). The effect of strain-hardening on the morphology and mechanical and dielectric properties of multi-layered PP foam/PP film. Polymer 70: 173–182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2015.06.029.Suche in Google Scholar

Maia, J., Silva, J., and Harris, P. (2016). U.S. Patent 9 364 988.Suche in Google Scholar

Maia, J., Harris, P., and Burg, G. (2017). U.S. Patent 0 043 520.Suche in Google Scholar

Messin, T., Follain, N., Guinault, A., Sollogoub, C., Gaucher, V., Delpouve, N., and Marais, S. (2017). Structure and barrier properties of multinanolayered biodegradable. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9: 29101–29112, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b08404.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

Messin, T., Marais, S., Follain, N., Chappey, C., Guinault, A., Miquelard-garnier, G., Delpouve, N., Gaucher, V., and Sollogoub, C. (2019). Impact of water and thermal induced crystallizations in a PC/MXD6 multilayer film on barrier properties. Eur. Polym. J. 111: 152–160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.12.021.Suche in Google Scholar

Rahman, A., Andrade, R., Maia, J., and Baer, E. (2015a). Viscosity contrast effects on the structure-property relationship of multilayer soft film/foams. Polymer 69: 110–122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2015.05.051.Suche in Google Scholar

Rahman, A., Wu, H., Zhang, Z., and Baer, E. (2015b). Enhanced properties of oriented multilayer polypropylene film/foams. SPE ANTEC Indianapolis Tech. Papers: 1806–1810.Suche in Google Scholar

Schneider, T. (2020). Multi-layered tubing and piping: technology development and transfer leading to new dimensions in annular layered structures. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1567782483369336.Suche in Google Scholar

Schneider, T., Danda, C., Ling, G., Coltron, M.F., McCauley, K.M., and Maia, J. (2020a). Microlayer and nanolayer tubing and piping via layer multiplication coextrusion. 1. Validation. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 137: 48683, https://doi.org/10.1002/APP.48683.Suche in Google Scholar

Schneider, T., Colton, M.F., McCauley, K.M., and Maia, J. (2020b). Microlayer and nanolayer tubing and piping via layer multiplication coextrusion. II. Rheologically mismatched systems. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 137: 48684, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.48684.Suche in Google Scholar

Schneider, T. and Maia, J. (2016). Studying layer alignment in flows of multi-layered systems through dies with a geometric transition. SPE ANTEC Indianapolis Tech. Papers: 932–938.Suche in Google Scholar

Schneider, T., Ling, G., McCauley, K., Colton, M., and Maia, J. (2018). Micro-layered tubing and pipes via multi-layer co-extrusion. SPE ANTEC Orlando Tech. Papers.Suche in Google Scholar

Silva, J., Maia, J., Huang, R., Meltzer, D., Cox, M., and Andrade, R. (2012). Interfacial rheology of coextruded elastomeric and amorphous glass thermoplastic polyurethanes. Rheol. Acta 51: 947–957, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-012-0652-8.Suche in Google Scholar

Souza, C., Feng, J., Olah, A., Wnek, G., and Baer, E. (2020). Thermoformable high oxygen barrier multilayer EVOH/LDPE film/foam. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 48903: 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.48903.Suche in Google Scholar

Sun, X. and Liang, W. (2016). Cellular structure control and sound absorption of polyolefin microlayer sheets. Composites, Part B 87: 21–26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.09.052.Suche in Google Scholar

Worth, R.A. (1980). Modification to weld lines in extruded thermoplastic pipe using a rotating die system. Polym. Eng. Sci. 20: 551–554, https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760200807.Suche in Google Scholar

Wu, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, C., Feng, J., Rahman, A., and Baer, E. (2016). Structure − properties relationship of a novel multilayer film/foam material produced through co-extrusion and orientation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 55: 10947–10954, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6b03418.Suche in Google Scholar

Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2023-4413).

Received: 2023-07-12
Accepted: 2023-11-24
Published Online: 2023-12-22
Published in Print: 2024-05-27

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Research Articles
  3. Investigation of the effects of water uptake on the mechanical properties of wood dust particle filled Prosopis Juliflora reinforced phenol formaldehyde hybrid polymer composites
  4. Experimental investigation on mechanical and tribological analysis of pineapple leaf (Ananas comosus) and sisal (Agave sisalana) fibers reinforced hybrid epoxy composites
  5. An experimental study of weave pattern effect on the mechanical and dynamic behavior of composite laminates
  6. Structuring step dependent characteristics in joining using pin-like structures in the vibration welding process
  7. Fabrication of expandable graphite and soybean oil-based synergistic modified polyurethane foam with improved thermal stability and flame retardant properties
  8. Fabrication of electrospun nanofiber from a blend of PVC and PHB
  9. Investigation of mechanical and tribological performance of wood dust reinforced epoxy composite under dry, wet and heated contact condition
  10. Multi-layer co-extrusion blow molding
  11. Predicting part quality early during an injection molding cycle
  12. Optimizing laser-based micro-cutting for PMMA microfluidic device fabrication: thermal analysis and parameter optimization
  13. Preparation of PVDF/PVA composite films with micropatterned structures on light-cured 3D printed molds for hydrophilic modification of PVDF
  14. Evaluation of thermal contact resistance of molten resin–mold interface during high-thermal-conductivity polyphenylene sulfide filling in injection molding
  15. Effect of sinusoidal pulsating speed enhancement on the mixing performance of plastics machinery
  16. Experimental investigation on the mechanical and wear behavior of epoxy/Indian almond/peepal hybrid composites
  17. Exploration of the thermal and mechanical characteristics of polymethyl methacrylate-based copolymers: implications for wind turbine blades applications
https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2023-4413
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
multi-layer; co-extrusion; blow molding; weld line; bottles

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Research Articles
  3. Investigation of the effects of water uptake on the mechanical properties of wood dust particle filled Prosopis Juliflora reinforced phenol formaldehyde hybrid polymer composites
  4. Experimental investigation on mechanical and tribological analysis of pineapple leaf (Ananas comosus) and sisal (Agave sisalana) fibers reinforced hybrid epoxy composites
  5. An experimental study of weave pattern effect on the mechanical and dynamic behavior of composite laminates
  6. Structuring step dependent characteristics in joining using pin-like structures in the vibration welding process
  7. Fabrication of expandable graphite and soybean oil-based synergistic modified polyurethane foam with improved thermal stability and flame retardant properties
  8. Fabrication of electrospun nanofiber from a blend of PVC and PHB
  9. Investigation of mechanical and tribological performance of wood dust reinforced epoxy composite under dry, wet and heated contact condition
  10. Multi-layer co-extrusion blow molding
  11. Predicting part quality early during an injection molding cycle
  12. Optimizing laser-based micro-cutting for PMMA microfluidic device fabrication: thermal analysis and parameter optimization
  13. Preparation of PVDF/PVA composite films with micropatterned structures on light-cured 3D printed molds for hydrophilic modification of PVDF
  14. Evaluation of thermal contact resistance of molten resin–mold interface during high-thermal-conductivity polyphenylene sulfide filling in injection molding
  15. Effect of sinusoidal pulsating speed enhancement on the mixing performance of plastics machinery
  16. Experimental investigation on the mechanical and wear behavior of epoxy/Indian almond/peepal hybrid composites
  17. Exploration of the thermal and mechanical characteristics of polymethyl methacrylate-based copolymers: implications for wind turbine blades applications
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 2.10.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/ipp-2023-4413/html?srsltid=AfmBOooak7FULbaLHVOBo-Whjxj4PdIO-3c0AJcPeSkhIvc4sP0YrxYS
Button zum nach oben scrollen