Fabrication of flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant rigid polyurethane foam modified by hydrolyzed keratin

Xu Zhang; Chen Xu; Zhi Wang; Hua Xie

doi:10.1515/ipp-2022-4303

Article

Fabrication of flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant rigid polyurethane foam modified by hydrolyzed keratin

Xu Zhang , Chen Xu , Zhi Wang and Hua Xie

Published/Copyright: February 14, 2023

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From the journal International Polymer Processing Volume 38 Issue 2

Abstract

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) has been fabricated and modified by hydrolyzed keratin to improve its flame retardancy and smoke suppression. Then, the limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimeter (CONE), thermogravimetric analyzer and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the modified RPUFs. It was found that the LOI of the modified RPUFs increased with the presence of hydrolyzed keratin. In addition, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of the modified RPUF tended to decrease. The HRR of RPUF-HK5 reduced 28.8 kW/m² compared with RPUF-0, and the THR of RPUF-HK5 was 0.74 MJ/m² lower than that of RPUF-0. RPUF-HK5 had the most obvious smoke suppression effect. Compared with RPUF-0, the smoke density (Ds) and light transmittance (T) of RPUF-HK5 decreased by 8.88 and increased by 11.26%, respectively. The current research results showed that hydrolyzed keratin can improve the flame-retardant and smoke-suppression performances of RPUFs and that 5 wt% hydrolyzed keratin was the most suitable ratio for the modified RPUF.

Keywords: ammonium polyphosphate; flame-retardant; hydrolyzed keratin; rigid polyurethane foam; smoke-suppressant

Corresponding author: Xu Zhang, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aircraft Fire Explosion Control and Reliability Airworthiness Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; and School of Safety Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China, E-mail: xuzhang@sau.edu.cn

Acknowledgements

The financial support from Scientific Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Education Department (Grant No. JYT2020011) is greatly acknowledged.

Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Received: 2022-10-28

Accepted: 2023-01-21

Published Online: 2023-02-14

Published in Print: 2023-05-25

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2022-4303

Keywords for this article

ammonium polyphosphate; flame-retardant; hydrolyzed keratin; rigid polyurethane foam; smoke-suppressant