The effectiveness of group counseling on prenatal care knowledge and performance of pregnant adolescents in a Kurdish region of Iran
Abstract
Background
Prenatal care in adolescents is one of the most important challenges worldwide, especially in the regions with a specific culture and traditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group counseling on knowledge and performance of pregnant adolescents in prenatal care in a Kurdish region in Iran.
Methods
This quasi-experimental study was conducted on pregnant adolescents attending in the health centers of Mahabad, a Kurdish city in Iran. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, after random selection of four health centers as the intervention and the control, primigravida adolescents with gestational age of 16–20 weeks filled out the demographic and midwifery characteristics questionnaire, as well as a prenatal care knowledge and performance of pregnant adolescents’ questionnaire. Then 102 pregnant adolescents (51 people in the control centers and 51 people in the intervention centers), who responded correctly to <50% of the questionnaire items were included in the study. Six sessions of group counseling about prenatal care were held for the intervention group. The control group received the routine prenatal care. Knowledge and performance of pregnant adolescents about prenatal care were compared inter and intra two groups 1 month after the end of the sessions through descriptive-analytic tests including chi-square, independent T and paired T tests.
Results
In contrast to the control group, the mean scores of adolescents’ knowledge about prenatal care increased after the intervention (from 17.51 ± 5.93 to 24.67 ± 5.79) and showed significant difference to the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the mean scores of adolescent care performance in the intervention group increased (from 5.80 ± 2.19 to 10.33 ± 2.55) and showed significant difference to the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The results of the present study show the positive effects of prenatal care counseling on increasing knowledge and improving the performance of pregnant adolescents.
Funding source: Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
Award Identifier / Grant number: IR.UMSHA.REC.1396.523
Funding statement: The authors sincerely appreciated the financial support given by the Research Deputy of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (IR.UMSHA.REC.1396.523).
References
[1] Parvizi S, Ahmadi F, Nikbakht A. Golden Triangle of family, health and adolescent. J Psychol. 2006;10(2):156–68.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] Health club protocol and counseling adolescents and young adults. Center for Communicable Diseases Management, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Spring; 2016.Suche in Google Scholar
[3] A Pregnancy. 2014 [updated 2016 19 December]. Available from: www.who.int.Suche in Google Scholar
[4] Aliyu MH, Luke S, Kristensen S, Alio AP. Joint effect of obesity and teenage pregnancy on the risk of preeclampsia: a population-based study. J Adolesc Health. 2010;46(1):777–82.10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.06.006Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[5] Hosseinzadeh M, Naderifar M. Adolescent mothers experiences of pregnancy and early motherhood: a qualitative content analysis. J Urmia Nurs Midwifery Fac. 2014;12(10):890–98.Suche in Google Scholar
[6] Mangeli M, Rayyani M, Cheraghi MA, Tirgari B. Iranian mothers’ experiences of the outcomes of early motherhood: a qualitative study. Soc Work Public Health. 2018;33(3):163–72.10.1080/19371918.2018.1425648Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[7] Udo A, Ekott M, Ekanem E. Teenage pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in Calabar Nigeria. Internet J Gynecol Obstet. 2013;17(2):3210–8.Suche in Google Scholar
[8] Kalhor M, Alipour M, Eghdam Poor F. Comparison of pregnancy and delivery outcomes in teenage mothers and primiparas referring to Kowsar Teaching Hospital in Qazvin in 2012–2013. Razi J Med Sci. 2015;21(129):27–38.Suche in Google Scholar
[9] Prianka Mukhopadhyay R, Chaudhuri Bhaskar P. Hospital-based perinatal outcomes and complications in teenage pregnancy in India. Health Popul Nutr. 2010;28(5):494–500.10.3329/jhpn.v28i5.6158Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[10] Conde-Agudelo A, Belizan JM, Lammers C. Maternal-perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with adolescent pregnancy in Latin America: cross-sectional study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;192(2):342–9.10.1016/j.ajog.2004.10.593Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[11] Rezavand N, Zangane M, Malek Khosravi S, Rezaee M. A comparative study of pregnancy results in adolescents and young mother referred to the Motazedi Hospital in Kermanshah. J Urmia Nurs Midwifery Fac. 2009;3(10):11–2.Suche in Google Scholar
[12] WHO G. Position paper on mainstreaming adolescent pregnancy in efforts to make pregnancy safer. Department of Making Pregnancy Safer; 2010.Suche in Google Scholar
[13] Johnson F, Lay P. Teenage pregnancy: issues, interventions, and directions. J Natl Med Assoc. 1988;80(2):145–52.Suche in Google Scholar
[14] UNFPA. Child marriage fact sheet 2009 [updated 2016 26 August]. Available from: www.unfpa.org/swp/2005/presskit/facts.Suche in Google Scholar
[15] Tsai YF, Wong TK. Strategies for resolving aboriginal adolescent pregnancy in eastern Taiwan. J Adv Nurs. 2033;41(4):351–7.10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02533.xSuche in Google Scholar PubMed
[16] Harden A, Bruton G, Flectcher A. Teenage pregnancy and social disadvantage: systematic review integrating controlled trials and qualitative studies. Br Med J. 2009;339(b4):254.10.1136/bmj.b4254Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[17] Lowdermilk DL, Perry SE, Bobak IM. Maternity & women’s health care, 7th ed. New York: Mosby; 2000.Suche in Google Scholar
[18] Vonderheid SC, Norr KF, Handler AS. Prenatal health promotion content and health behaviors. West J Nurs Res. 2007;29(3):258–76.10.1177/0193945906296568Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[19] Enriquez M. Pregnancy, poverty, and HIV. J Nurse Praction. 2007;3(10):687–93.10.1016/j.nurpra.2007.08.015Suche in Google Scholar
[20] Nichols MR, Roux GM, Harris NR. Primigravid and multigravid women: prenatal perspectives. J Perinat Educ. 2007;16(2):21–32.10.1624/105812407X192019Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[21] Baheiraei A, Soltani F, Ebadi A, Foroushani AR, Cheraghi MA. Risk and protective profile of tobacco and alcohol use among Iranian adolescents: a population-based study. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2017;29(3):20150089.10.1515/ijamh-2015-0089Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[22] Baheiraei A, Soltani F, Ebadi A, Cheraghi MA, Foroushani AR. Psychometric properties of the Iranian version of ‘Communities That Care Youth Survey’. Health Promot Int. 2016;31(1):59–72.10.1093/heapro/dau062Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[23] Mohammadpoorasl A, Nedjat S, Fakhari A. Smoking Stages in an Iranian Adolescent Population. Acta Medica Iranica. (2012);50:746–54.Suche in Google Scholar
[24] Shahhosseini Z, Hamzehgardeshi Z. Female adolescents’ perspective about reproductive health education needs: a mixed methods study with explanatory sequential design. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2015;27(1):57–63.10.1515/ijamh-2014-0008Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[25] Baheiraei A, Soltani F, Ebadi A, Cheraghi MA, Rahimi Foroushani A. Family and peer risk factors as predictors of lifetime tobacco use among Iranian adolescents: gender similarities and differences. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6(4):63–75.10.5539/gjhs.v6n4p63Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[26] Abbasi-Shavazi MJ, Hosseini H. Ethnic fertility differentials in Iran: trends and correlates. Paper presented at the European Population Conference (EPC) 2008. Barcelona; 2008.Suche in Google Scholar
[27] Soltani F, Maleki A, Shobeiri F, Shamsaei F, Ahmadi F, Roshanaei G. The limbo of motherhood: women’s experiences of major challenges to cope with the first pregnancy. Midwifery. 2017;55:38–44.10.1016/j.midw.2017.08.009Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[28] Hosseini H, Askari Nodoushan A, Moradi N. A Comparative study of childbearing desires of Shia and Sunni Kurdish women in rural areas of Kamyaran. J Woman Fam Stud. 2016;4(1):63–84.Suche in Google Scholar
[29] Bahri N, Ilyati HR, Bahri N, Sajjadi M, Blochi T. The effect of oral health program on knowledge, attitude and short term performance of pregnant women. JIDAI. 2012;1(36):1–12.Suche in Google Scholar
[30] Fadaei B, Movahedi M, Akbari M, Ghasemi M, Jalalvand A, Fadaei B, et al. Effect of maternal age on pregnancy outcome. J Isfahan Med Sch. 2010;29(145):855–60.Suche in Google Scholar
[31] Hodgkinson SC, Colantuoni E, Roberts D, Berg-Cross L, Belcher HME. Depressive symptoms and birth outcomes among pregnant teenager. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23(1):16–22.10.1016/j.jpag.2009.04.006Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[32] Parsa N, Redzuan M, Yaacob SN, Parsa P. Parental attachment, inter-parental conflict and late adolescent’s self-efficacy. Asian Soc Sci. 2014;10(8):123–31.10.5539/ass.v10n8p123Suche in Google Scholar
[33] Ramesh D, Khan GM, Kadir A, Binaya S, Deepa D. Impacts of counseling on knowledge, attitude and practice of medication use during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):131.10.1186/s12884-017-1316-6Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[34] Mohammadi N, Montazeri S, Alaghband Rad J, Ardabili HE, Gharacheh M. Iranian pregnant teenage women tell the story of “fast development”: a phenomenological study. Women Birth. 2016;29(4):303–9.10.1016/j.wombi.2015.11.003Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[35] Baheiraei A, Khoori E, Foroushani AR, Ahmadi F, Ybarra ML. What sources do adolescents turn to for information about their health concerns? Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2014;26(1):61–68.10.1515/ijamh-2012-0112Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[36] Mersal FA, Esmat OM, Khalil G. Effect of prenatal counselling on compliance and outcomes of teenage pregnancy. East Mediterr Health J. 2013;19(1):10–7.10.26719/2013.19.1.10Suche in Google Scholar
©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Close-in-age exemption laws: focusing on the best interests of children and adolescents
- Review
- Literature review: nutritional factors influencing academic achievement in school age children
- Original Articles
- Appointed by young people – a qualitative study on young patients recruiting hospital staff in Denmark
- Child labor and mental health status of in-school adolescents in a municipal local government area of Lagos state, Nigeria
- Usefulness of hematological parameters for differential diagnosis of endometriomas in adolescents/young adults and older women
- Assessment of the WHO Health Promoting Schools Framework among schools in selected villages of rural Puducherry, South India – a mixed method study
- The development and psychometric evaluation of a new instrument to market healthy breakfast and snacks among adolescents
- Awareness of bicycle light use of young adults
- A brief study on the knowledge and choice of contraception methods in married adolescent girls
- Coverage of and compliance to iron supplementation under the National Iron Plus Initiative among reproductive age-group women in urban Puducherry – a cross-sectional study
- Adolescents’ smartphone use at night, sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms
- Prevalence and determinants of poor quality of sleep among adolescents in rural Puducherry, South India
- Health awareness, lifestyle and dietary behavior of university students in the northeast part of Bangladesh
- The effectiveness of group counseling on prenatal care knowledge and performance of pregnant adolescents in a Kurdish region of Iran
- High adenovirus 36 seroprevalence among a population of Hispanic American youth
- Development and psychometric properties of the female adolescents’ sexual reproductive self-care scale
- “Decide Now, Buy Marlboro”: Examining the influence and appeal of Marlboro’s new brand architecture among Filipino adolescents
- Knowledge, attitude and practice of cigarette smoking among senior secondary school students in Depok, Indonesia
- Factors associated with knowledge of where to access health care among youth in juvenile detention: a mixed methods study
- Association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms: a cross-sectional study among adolescents in four developing countries
- A prospective 1-year study on load reduction of school backpacks shows reversible changes of body posture in schoolchildren
- Level, motivation and barriers to participate in physical activity among late adolescents in Puducherry
- A pilot study to improve sugar and water consumption in Maltese school children
- Deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs in adolescents: a study in a tertiary hospital
- Prevalence and determinants of condom use among male adolescents in Indonesia
- Iranian mothers’ needs for reproductive health education of their adolescent daughters: a qualitative study
- Short Communication
- Psychosocial determinants of stress among adolescents in an urban slum in a city of Western Maharashtra: a cross-sectional study
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Close-in-age exemption laws: focusing on the best interests of children and adolescents
- Review
- Literature review: nutritional factors influencing academic achievement in school age children
- Original Articles
- Appointed by young people – a qualitative study on young patients recruiting hospital staff in Denmark
- Child labor and mental health status of in-school adolescents in a municipal local government area of Lagos state, Nigeria
- Usefulness of hematological parameters for differential diagnosis of endometriomas in adolescents/young adults and older women
- Assessment of the WHO Health Promoting Schools Framework among schools in selected villages of rural Puducherry, South India – a mixed method study
- The development and psychometric evaluation of a new instrument to market healthy breakfast and snacks among adolescents
- Awareness of bicycle light use of young adults
- A brief study on the knowledge and choice of contraception methods in married adolescent girls
- Coverage of and compliance to iron supplementation under the National Iron Plus Initiative among reproductive age-group women in urban Puducherry – a cross-sectional study
- Adolescents’ smartphone use at night, sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms
- Prevalence and determinants of poor quality of sleep among adolescents in rural Puducherry, South India
- Health awareness, lifestyle and dietary behavior of university students in the northeast part of Bangladesh
- The effectiveness of group counseling on prenatal care knowledge and performance of pregnant adolescents in a Kurdish region of Iran
- High adenovirus 36 seroprevalence among a population of Hispanic American youth
- Development and psychometric properties of the female adolescents’ sexual reproductive self-care scale
- “Decide Now, Buy Marlboro”: Examining the influence and appeal of Marlboro’s new brand architecture among Filipino adolescents
- Knowledge, attitude and practice of cigarette smoking among senior secondary school students in Depok, Indonesia
- Factors associated with knowledge of where to access health care among youth in juvenile detention: a mixed methods study
- Association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms: a cross-sectional study among adolescents in four developing countries
- A prospective 1-year study on load reduction of school backpacks shows reversible changes of body posture in schoolchildren
- Level, motivation and barriers to participate in physical activity among late adolescents in Puducherry
- A pilot study to improve sugar and water consumption in Maltese school children
- Deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs in adolescents: a study in a tertiary hospital
- Prevalence and determinants of condom use among male adolescents in Indonesia
- Iranian mothers’ needs for reproductive health education of their adolescent daughters: a qualitative study
- Short Communication
- Psychosocial determinants of stress among adolescents in an urban slum in a city of Western Maharashtra: a cross-sectional study