Coverage of and compliance to iron supplementation under the National Iron Plus Initiative among reproductive age-group women in urban Puducherry – a cross-sectional study
-
Surendran Gayathri
,
Sarveswaran Gokul
Abstract
Background
Anaemia is a global health problem and an important cause of morbidity in all age groups, especially among women and children. Various programmes have been implemented to combat anaemia in India and National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI) is the latest programme to be implemented.
Aim
To ascertain the proportion of reproductive age women receiving iron supplementation under the NIPI and assess the compliance and factors hindering the implementation and compliance of the programme.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) during November 2017. The participants were interviewed at their household using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to obtain information on socio-demographic details, whether they were receiving iron supplements and compliance to the programme.
Results
Out of 302 study participants, only 138 (45.7%) were found to be receiving the supplements under the NIPI. The major source of iron supplementation was various health facilities (69.4%). Of those not receiving the tablets, 96.3% were non-pregnant non-lactating women. The proportion of study participants receiving iron supplementation through house visits by auxiliary nurse mid-wives (ANMs) was only 1.45%. Of the 138 women receiving supplementation, 85 (61%) were compliant with their medication. Compliance also tended to be higher among pregnant and lactating women. The most important reasons for non-compliance were adverse effects and forgetfulness. The presence of regular house visits by ANMs had a significant association with reception of tablets [prevalence ratio (PR)–1.43]. Pregnant women had a significant association with both reception (PR–2.19) and compliance (PR–1.8) with iron supplementation.
Conclusion
The current NIPI programme needs to be regularly evaluated to ensure its effective implementation. Importance should be given to non-pregnant non-lactating women to increase coverage among them.
References
[1] World Health Organization (WHO). The global prevalence of anaemia in 2011. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2015.Search in Google Scholar
[2] International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), India, 2015–2016. Mumbai: IIPS; 2017.Search in Google Scholar
[3] Kapil U, Bhadoria AS. National Iron-plus Initiative Guidelines for control of iron deficiency anaemia in India, 2013. Natl Med J India. 2014;27(1):27–9.Search in Google Scholar
[4] National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau. Diet and Nutrition Status of rural population, prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among adults and infant and young child feeding practices, report of third repeat survey. Hyderabad: National Institute of Nutrition, ICMR; 2012. NNMB Technical report No. 26.Search in Google Scholar
[5] World Health Organisation (WHO). Weekly iron and folic acid supplementation programmes for women of reproductive age – an analysis of best programme practices. [Internet]. WHO; [cited 2018 May 14]. Available from:http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/docs/FORwebPDFFullVersionWIFS.pdf.Search in Google Scholar
[6] Dhikale P, Suguna E, Thamizharasi A, Dongre AR. Evaluation of Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation program for adolescents in rural Pondicherry, India. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2015;4:1360–5.10.5455/ijmsph.2015.14042015280Search in Google Scholar
[7] Mithra P, Unnikrishnan B, Rekha T, Nithin K, Mohan K, Kulkarni V, et al. Compliance with iron and folic acid therapy among pregnant women in an urban area of South India. Afr Health Sci. 2013;13(4):880–5.10.4314/ahs.v13i4.3Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[8] Evaluation of the weekly iron and folic acid supplementation program. Bhutan, 2014. [Internet]. UNICEF; [cited 2018 May 14]. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/evaldatabase/index_80824.html.Search in Google Scholar
©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Close-in-age exemption laws: focusing on the best interests of children and adolescents
- Review
- Literature review: nutritional factors influencing academic achievement in school age children
- Original Articles
- Appointed by young people – a qualitative study on young patients recruiting hospital staff in Denmark
- Child labor and mental health status of in-school adolescents in a municipal local government area of Lagos state, Nigeria
- Usefulness of hematological parameters for differential diagnosis of endometriomas in adolescents/young adults and older women
- Assessment of the WHO Health Promoting Schools Framework among schools in selected villages of rural Puducherry, South India – a mixed method study
- The development and psychometric evaluation of a new instrument to market healthy breakfast and snacks among adolescents
- Awareness of bicycle light use of young adults
- A brief study on the knowledge and choice of contraception methods in married adolescent girls
- Coverage of and compliance to iron supplementation under the National Iron Plus Initiative among reproductive age-group women in urban Puducherry – a cross-sectional study
- Adolescents’ smartphone use at night, sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms
- Prevalence and determinants of poor quality of sleep among adolescents in rural Puducherry, South India
- Health awareness, lifestyle and dietary behavior of university students in the northeast part of Bangladesh
- The effectiveness of group counseling on prenatal care knowledge and performance of pregnant adolescents in a Kurdish region of Iran
- High adenovirus 36 seroprevalence among a population of Hispanic American youth
- Development and psychometric properties of the female adolescents’ sexual reproductive self-care scale
- “Decide Now, Buy Marlboro”: Examining the influence and appeal of Marlboro’s new brand architecture among Filipino adolescents
- Knowledge, attitude and practice of cigarette smoking among senior secondary school students in Depok, Indonesia
- Factors associated with knowledge of where to access health care among youth in juvenile detention: a mixed methods study
- Association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms: a cross-sectional study among adolescents in four developing countries
- A prospective 1-year study on load reduction of school backpacks shows reversible changes of body posture in schoolchildren
- Level, motivation and barriers to participate in physical activity among late adolescents in Puducherry
- A pilot study to improve sugar and water consumption in Maltese school children
- Deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs in adolescents: a study in a tertiary hospital
- Prevalence and determinants of condom use among male adolescents in Indonesia
- Iranian mothers’ needs for reproductive health education of their adolescent daughters: a qualitative study
- Short Communication
- Psychosocial determinants of stress among adolescents in an urban slum in a city of Western Maharashtra: a cross-sectional study
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Close-in-age exemption laws: focusing on the best interests of children and adolescents
- Review
- Literature review: nutritional factors influencing academic achievement in school age children
- Original Articles
- Appointed by young people – a qualitative study on young patients recruiting hospital staff in Denmark
- Child labor and mental health status of in-school adolescents in a municipal local government area of Lagos state, Nigeria
- Usefulness of hematological parameters for differential diagnosis of endometriomas in adolescents/young adults and older women
- Assessment of the WHO Health Promoting Schools Framework among schools in selected villages of rural Puducherry, South India – a mixed method study
- The development and psychometric evaluation of a new instrument to market healthy breakfast and snacks among adolescents
- Awareness of bicycle light use of young adults
- A brief study on the knowledge and choice of contraception methods in married adolescent girls
- Coverage of and compliance to iron supplementation under the National Iron Plus Initiative among reproductive age-group women in urban Puducherry – a cross-sectional study
- Adolescents’ smartphone use at night, sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms
- Prevalence and determinants of poor quality of sleep among adolescents in rural Puducherry, South India
- Health awareness, lifestyle and dietary behavior of university students in the northeast part of Bangladesh
- The effectiveness of group counseling on prenatal care knowledge and performance of pregnant adolescents in a Kurdish region of Iran
- High adenovirus 36 seroprevalence among a population of Hispanic American youth
- Development and psychometric properties of the female adolescents’ sexual reproductive self-care scale
- “Decide Now, Buy Marlboro”: Examining the influence and appeal of Marlboro’s new brand architecture among Filipino adolescents
- Knowledge, attitude and practice of cigarette smoking among senior secondary school students in Depok, Indonesia
- Factors associated with knowledge of where to access health care among youth in juvenile detention: a mixed methods study
- Association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms: a cross-sectional study among adolescents in four developing countries
- A prospective 1-year study on load reduction of school backpacks shows reversible changes of body posture in schoolchildren
- Level, motivation and barriers to participate in physical activity among late adolescents in Puducherry
- A pilot study to improve sugar and water consumption in Maltese school children
- Deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs in adolescents: a study in a tertiary hospital
- Prevalence and determinants of condom use among male adolescents in Indonesia
- Iranian mothers’ needs for reproductive health education of their adolescent daughters: a qualitative study
- Short Communication
- Psychosocial determinants of stress among adolescents in an urban slum in a city of Western Maharashtra: a cross-sectional study
