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Non-canonical quantification in Old Persian: the adverb vasai̯

  • Pascal Coenen EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: October 10, 2024
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Folia Linguistica
From the journal Folia Linguistica

Abstract

In this paper, I conduct a synchronic investigation of the Old Persian adverb vasai̯. In some cases, this adverb functions as a degree intensifier whereas in others it appears to quantify over an argument NP. By drawing on analyses of adverbs like French beaucoup, English completely and German größtenteils, I will argue that a unified semantic analysis can be applied to all attestations of vasai̯. I will argue that in all attestations, vasai̯ indicates a high position on a scale. What differs in the respective passages is the nature of the scale. It can be an intensity scale specified by the predicate or a volume scale specified by an argument of the predicate. The latter case yields an interpretation that can be paraphrased by using an adnominal quantifier like much. In addition to the semantic analysis, I will argue that, contrary to the assumption made by several scholars, vasai̯ is always to be interpreted as an adverb and does not function as an uninflected noun or adjective.


Corresponding author: Pascal Coenen, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; and University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

I have presented preliminary results of my research for this article in two colloquia at the University of Cologne. I would like to thank my friends and colleagues for their helpful comments. In particular, I would like to thank Sylvia Hutter for her advice on the Babylonian data and for providing the glosses of all Babylonian examples in this article. In addition, I would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their fruitful comments and suggestions, and Leonard del Federico for proofreading my article. Of course, all mistakes are my own.

Abbreviations

Languages

Goth.

Gothic

OHG

Old High German

ON

Old Norse

PIE

Proto-Indo-European

Glosses

1

1st person

2

2nd person

3

3rd person

abl

ablative

acc

accusative

adv

adverb

aor

aorist

c

common gender

caus

causative

dat

dative

dem

demonstrative pronoun

du

dual

dur

durative

f

feminine

gen

genitive

imp

imperative

inf

infinitive

inj

injunctive

ins

instrumental

loc

locative

lp

local particle

m

masculine

mid

middle

n

neuter

neg

negation

nom

nominative

opt

optative

perf

perfect

pl

plural

pn

proper name

ppp

perfect passive participle

prs

present

prt

particle

pst

past

ptcp

participle

quot

quotative

rel

relative pronoun

sbjv

subjunctive

sg

singular

vadj

verbal adjective

voc

vocative

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Received: 2023-11-10
Accepted: 2024-05-23
Published Online: 2024-10-10

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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