Abstract
Russian, as well as many other languages, displays a wide number of strategies to name non-lexicalized categories, that is, categories which have a conceptual reality, but are not encoded as single lexical items (e.g. fruit, furniture) or set phrases (e.g. equipment for sport, food for dog). One way to address this lack of lexical means is to provide one or more concrete exemplars of the intended category, in an attempt to capture the superordinate non-lexicalized concept. This paper aims to provide an overview of the different generalizing means used in Russian for the online construction of exemplar-driven categories, and, at the same time, to explore the interplay between discourse-resources (e.g. exemplification, listing and reformulation) and system-resources (e.g. collective affixation, co-compounding and discourse markers) in the process of categorization. Particular attention will be focused on the description of schematic general extenders, that is, partially lexicalized syntactic patterns, realizing the different extending, generalizing and similative functions of general extenders. The last part of the paper is devoted to a discussion of the processes of grammaticalization and pragmaticalization of the general extender i vse takoe ‘and so on’ (lit. ‘and all such’). The form is interesting because of its discursive multifunctionality.
References
Arcodia, Giorgio Francesco, Grandi Nicola & Wälchli Bernhard. 2010. Coordination in compounding. In Sergio Scalise & Irene Vogel (eds.), Cross-Disciplinary Issues in Compounding, 177–198. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.10.1075/cilt.311.15arcSearch in Google Scholar
Barsalou, Lawrence W. 1983. Ad hoc categories. Memory and Cognition 11. 211–277.10.3758/BF03196968Search in Google Scholar
Belikov, Vladimir N. 1990. Produktivnaja model’ povtora v russkom jazyke (variant dlja obsuždenija) [A productive model of reduplication in Russian (data for discussion)]. Russian Linguistics 14(1). 81–86.Search in Google Scholar
Benigni, Valentina. 2014. Strategie di approssimazione lessicale in russo e in italiano. In Olga Inkova, Marina Di Filippo & François Esvan (eds.), L’archittetura del testo. Studi contrastivi slavo-romanzi, 203–224. Alessandria: Edizioni dell’Orso.Search in Google Scholar
Benigni, Valentina. 2015. Le liste paradigmatiche in russo: Forme e funzioni. Studi Slavistici 12. 209–237.Search in Google Scholar
Benigni, Valentina. 2016a. Le marche di lista in russo. Segnali riformulativi, estensivi, generalizzanti… i vse takoe. In Valentina Benigni, Lucyna Gebert & Julija Nikolaeva (eds.), Le lingue slave tra struttura e uso, 17–43. Firenze: Firenze University Press.10.36253/978-88-6453-328-5.02Search in Google Scholar
Benigni, Valentina. 2016b. Roba da matti! La resa dei nomi vaghi nella traduzione dall’italiano al russo. In Olga Inkova & Andrea Trovesi (eds), Langues slaves en contraste / Slavjanskie jazyki in comparatione / Lingue slave a confronto, 307–342. Bergamo: Bergamo University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Benigni, Valentina & Francesca Masini. 2009. Compounds in Russian. Lingue e Linguaggio 2. 171–194.Search in Google Scholar
Blakemore, Diane. 1993. The relevance of reformulations. Language and Literature 2. 101–120.10.1177/096394709300200202Search in Google Scholar
Bonvino, Elisabetta, Francesca Masini & Paola Pietrandrea. 2009. List constructions: A semantic network. Paper presented at the 3rd International AFLiCo Conference – Grammars in Construction(s), Paris, 27–29 May.Search in Google Scholar
Brown, Penelope & Stephen C Levinson. 1987. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511813085Search in Google Scholar
Carroll, Ruth. 2008. Historical English phraseology and the extender tag. Selim: Journal of the Spanish Society for Mediaeval English Language and Literature 15. 7–37.Search in Google Scholar
Channell, Joanna. 1994. Vague Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Cheshire, Jenny. 2007. Discourse variation, grammaticalisation and stuff like that. Journal of Sociolinguistics 11(2). 155–193.10.1111/j.1467-9841.2007.00317.xSearch in Google Scholar
Croft, William & Alan D Cruse. 2004. Cognitive Linguistic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511803864Search in Google Scholar
Cruse, Alan D. 1986. Lexical Semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Daniel, Michael & Edith Moravcsik. 2005. The associative plural. In Martin Haspelmath, Matthew S. Dryer, David Gil & Bernard Comrie (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures (WALS), 150–153. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Dines, Elizabeth R. 1980. Variation in discourse – ‘and stuff like that’. Language in Society 9. 13–31.10.1017/S0047404500007764Search in Google Scholar
Dubois, Sylvie. 1992. Extension particles, etc. Language Variation and Change 4(2). 179–203.10.1017/S0954394500000740Search in Google Scholar
Fillmore, Charles J. 1985. Frames and the semantics of understanding. Quaderni di Semantica 12. 222–254.Search in Google Scholar
Gerdes, Kim & Sylvain Kahane. 2009. Speaking in Piles. Paradigmatic Annotation of a French Spoken Corpus. In Michaela Mahlberg, Victorina González-Díaz & Catherine Smith (eds.), Proceedings of the Corpus Linguistics Conference conference (CL2009). Liverpool: University of Liverpool. http://ucrel.lancs.ac.uk/publications/cl2009/ (accessed 5 May 2017).Search in Google Scholar
Halliday, Michael A. K. & Ruqaiya Hasan. 1976. Cohesion in English. London: Longman.Search in Google Scholar
Janko, Tat’jana Evgen’evna. 2008. Intonacionnye strategii russkoj reči v sopostavitel’nom aspekte [Russian speech intonation strategies in comparative aspect]. Moskva: Jazyki slavjanskich kul’tur.Search in Google Scholar
Jefferson, Gail. 1990. List-construction as a task and a resource. In George Psathas (ed.), Interaction Competence, 63–92. Washington D.C.: University Press of America.Search in Google Scholar
Kahane, Sylvain & Paola Pietrandrea. 2012. La typologie des entassements en français. In Actes du 3ème congrès mondial de linguistique française (CMLF), 1809–1828. http://www.linguistiquefrancaise.org/articles/shsconf/pdf/2012/01/shsconf_cmlf12_000238.pdf (accessed 5 May 2017).10.1051/shsconf/20120100238Search in Google Scholar
Kubrjakova, Elena Samojlovna. 2004. Jazyk i znanie. Na puti polučenija znanij o jazyke. Časti reči s kognitivnoj točki zrenija. Rol’ jazyka v poznanii mira [Language and knowledge. On getting knowledge about language. Parts of speech from a cognitive point of view. The role of language in the world cognition]. Moskva: Jazyki slavjanskoj kul’tury.Search in Google Scholar
Laptevа, Ol’ga Alekseevna. 1983. Tipa ili vrode [Tipa or vrode]. Voprosy jazykoznanija 1. 39–51.Search in Google Scholar
Mauri, Caterina. 2017. Building and Interpreting Ad Hoc Categories: A Linguistic Analysis. In Joanna Blochowiak, Cristina Grisot, Stephanie Durrleman & Christopher Laenzlinger (eds.), Formal Models in the Study of Language, 297–326. Berlin: Springer.10.1007/978-3-319-48832-5_16Search in Google Scholar
Mauri, Caterina & Andrea Sansò. This issue,Search in Google Scholar
Mihatsch, Wiltrud. 2007. The construction of vagueness: Sort of expressions in Romance languages. In Günter Radden, Klaus-Michael Köpke, Thomas Berg & Peter Siemund (eds.), Aspects of meaning constructiong meaning: From concepts to utterance, 225–245. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.10.1075/z.136.15mihSearch in Google Scholar
Mihatsch, Wiltrud. 2009. Nouns are THINGS. Evidence for a grammatical metaphor?. In Klaus-Uwe Panther, Linda L. Thornburg & Barcelona Antonio (eds.), Metonymy and Metaphor in Grammar, 75–97. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.10.1075/hcp.25.06mihSearch in Google Scholar
Overstreet, Maryann. 1999. Whales, Candlelight, and Stuff Like That: General Extenders in English Discourse. New York: Oxford University Press.10.1093/oso/9780195125740.001.0001Search in Google Scholar
Overstreet, Maryann. 2005. And stuff und so: Investigating Pragmatic Expressions in English and German. Journal of Pragmatics 37. 1845–1864.10.1016/j.pragma.2005.02.015Search in Google Scholar
Pacsai, Imre. 2013. Vostočnye èlementy russkoj narodnoj reči (leksika i derivacija) [The eastern elements in the Russian folk speech (lexis and derivation)]. Folia linguistica rossica 9. 43–56.Search in Google Scholar
Plotnikova, Anna Michajlovna. 2012. Parnye sočetanija v sovremennom russkom jazyke i ich kreativnyj potencial [Pair combinations in modern Russian and their creative potential]. Ural’skij filologičeskij vestnik 2. 183–187.Search in Google Scholar
Podlesskaya, Vera Isaakovna. 2013. Nečetkaja nominacija v russkoj razgovornoj reči: Opyt korpusnogo issledovanija [Vague reference in Russian: Evidence from spoken corpora]. Kompjuternaja lingvistika i intellektualnye technologii 12(19). 619–632.Search in Google Scholar
Rozhanskiy, Fedor Ivanovich. 2015. Two semantic patterns of reduplication. Iconicity revisited. In Daniela Rossi (ed.), The Why and How of Total Reduplication: Current Issues and New Perspectives [Special issue]. Studies in Language 39(4). 992–1018.10.1075/sl.39.4.02rozSearch in Google Scholar
Sannikov, Vladimir Zinov’evič. 2008. Russkij sintaksis v semantiko-pragmatičeskom prostranstve [Russian Syntax in the Semantic-Pragmatic Space]. Moskva: Jazyki slavjanskich kul’tur.Search in Google Scholar
Savchenko, Dar’ja Sergeevna. 2015. On possible functions of Xind vrode/tipa/napodobie ‘like’ Y in Russian colloquial speech. Kommunikativnye issledovanija 4(6). 100–108.Search in Google Scholar
Schmid, Hans-Jörg. 2000. English abstract nouns as conceptual shells: From corpus to cognition. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110808704Search in Google Scholar
Simone, Raffaele. 2012. On Discourse Operations. In José Jesús De Bustos Tovar, Rafael Cano-Aguilar, Elena Méndez García De Paredes & Araceli López Serena (eds.), Sintaxis y análisis del discurso hablado en español. Homenaje a Antonio Narbona, 942–962. Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla.Search in Google Scholar
Traugott, Elizabeth C. 2010. (Inter)subjectivity and (inter)subjectification: A reassessment. In Kristin Davidse, Lieven Vandelanotte & Hubert Cuyckens (eds.), Subjectification, Intersubjectification and Grammaticalization, 29–74. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110226102.1.29Search in Google Scholar
Vande Kopple, William J. 1985. Some exploratory discourse on metadiscourse. College Composition and Communication 36(1). 82–93.10.2307/357609Search in Google Scholar
Voinov, Vitaly. 2012. Rhyming reduplication in Russian paired words. Russian Linguistics 36. 175–191.10.1007/s11185-012-9091-5Search in Google Scholar
Wälchli, Bernhard. 2005. Co-compounds and Natural Coordination. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199276219.001.0001Search in Google Scholar
Zielińska, Dorota. 2015. Corpus-Driven Analysis of Code Glosses in Non-Native Students’ Written Discourse. In Wojciech Malec & Marietta Rusinek (eds.), Within Language, Beyond Theories (Volume III). Discourse Analysis, Pragmatics and Corpus-based Studies, 58–77. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.Search in Google Scholar
© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Linguistic strategies for ad hoc categorization: theoretical assessment and cross-linguistic variation
- The role of exemplification in the construction of categories: the case of Japanese
- Categorization via exemplification: evidence from Italian
- Ad hoc categorization in Russian and multifunctional general extenders
- Alternative Relations and Higher-Level Categories
- From ad hoc category to ad hoc categorization: The proceduralization of Argentinian Spanish tipo
- Exemplification and ad hoc categorization: The genre-construction in French
- Collective suffixes and ad hoc categories: from Latin -ālia to Italian -aglia
- The encoding of ad hoc categories in Sanskrit: A synchronic and diachronic analysis of “compounds” with ādi-
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Linguistic strategies for ad hoc categorization: theoretical assessment and cross-linguistic variation
- The role of exemplification in the construction of categories: the case of Japanese
- Categorization via exemplification: evidence from Italian
- Ad hoc categorization in Russian and multifunctional general extenders
- Alternative Relations and Higher-Level Categories
- From ad hoc category to ad hoc categorization: The proceduralization of Argentinian Spanish tipo
- Exemplification and ad hoc categorization: The genre-construction in French
- Collective suffixes and ad hoc categories: from Latin -ālia to Italian -aglia
- The encoding of ad hoc categories in Sanskrit: A synchronic and diachronic analysis of “compounds” with ādi-