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Cord blood S100B: reference ranges and interest for early identification of newborns with brain injury

  • Damien Bouvier EMAIL logo , Yves Giguère , Bruno Pereira , Nathalie Bernard , Isabelle Marc , Vincent Sapin and Jean-Claude Forest
Published/Copyright: October 17, 2019
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Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
From the journal Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) Volume 58 Issue 2

Abstract

Background

Neurological complications are common in the premature and full-term neonates admitted to the intensive care unit, but the diagnosis of these complications is often difficult to make. S100B protein, measured in cord blood, may represent a valuable tool to better identify patients at risk of brain injury.

Methods

As a first step, we established S100B cord blood serum reference intervals from 183 preterm and 200 full-term neonates. We then measured cord blood serum S100B to identify neurological complications in 272 neonates hospitalized at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Diagnosis of brain injury relied on imaging examination.

Results

The 95th percentiles of S100B concentration in cord blood were established as 1.21 μg/L for the 383 neonates, 0.96 μg/L for full-term neonates and 1.36 μg/L for premature neonates. Among the 272 neonates hospitalized at the NICU, 11 presented neurological complications. Using 1.27 μg/L as the optimal sensitivity/specificity threshold, S100B differentiate neonates with and without neurological complications with a sensitivity of 45.5% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 16.7–76.6) and a specificity of 88.9% (95% CI: 84.4–92.4) (p = 0.006). In combination with arterial pH (<7.25), sensitivity increased to 90.9% (95% CI: 58.7–99.8), while specificity was 51.2% (95% CI: 44.8–57.7). The sensitivity is significantly (p = 0.03) increased in comparison to S100B alone. The specificity is significantly higher with S100B only than with pH + S100B (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Cord blood S100B protein, in combination with arterial cord blood pH, has the potential to help clinicians to detect at birth neurological complications in neonates hospitalized in an NCIU.

Keywords: brain injury; cord blood; neurological complications; reference ranges; S100B
Corresponding author: Damien Bouvier, MD, PhD, Service de Biochimie Médicale, Centre de Biologie, CHU Gabriel Montpied, 58 Rue Montalembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Biochemistry and Molecular Genetic Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France; and Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculty of Medicine, CNRS 6293, INSERM 1103, GReD, Clermont-Ferrand, France, Phone: +33 4 73 75 48 82, Fax: +33 4 73 75 18 55

Funding source: Institute for Human Development, Child and Youth Health

Award Identifier / Grant number: NRFHPG-78880

Funding statement: This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR, Healthy Pregnancy Initiative from the Institute for Human Development, Child and Youth Health, Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000031, Grant number: NRFHPG-78880). The authors thank Roche Diagnostics (Laval, Canada) for providing the s100 kits.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the research nurses for the recruitment of participants and retrieval of data from the medical records and Alexandra Castillo for S100B dosages.

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Employment or leadership: None declared.

  3. Honorarium: None declared.

  4. Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.

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Received: 2019-07-18
Accepted: 2019-09-30
Published Online: 2019-10-17
Published in Print: 2020-01-28

©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2019-0737
Keywords for this article
brain injury; cord blood; neurological complications; reference ranges; S100B

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. Towards a personalized assessment of vitamin D status
  4. Reviews
  5. Circulating tumor DNA and their added value in molecular oncology
  6. Telomere length determinants in childhood
  7. Opinion Papers
  8. Serum or plasma? An old question looking for new answers
  9. Evaluating sample stability in the clinical laboratory with the help of linear and non-linear regression analysis
  10. General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
  11. Simultaneous measurement of 25(OH)-vitamin D and 24,25(OH)2-vitamin D to define cut-offs for CYP24A1 mutation and vitamin D deficiency in a population of 1200 young subjects
  12. How well do Croatian laboratories adhere to national recommendations for laboratory diagnostics of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
  13. Underfilling of vacuum blood collection tubes leads to increased lactate dehydrogenase activity in serum and heparin plasma samples
  14. Calcium state estimation by total calcium: the evidence to end the never-ending story
  15. The use of faecal immunochemical testing in the decision-making process for the endoscopic investigation of iron deficiency anaemia
  16. Measurement uncertainty of β-lactam antibiotics results: estimation and clinical impact on therapeutic drug monitoring
  17. Practical approach to method verification in plasma and validation in cerebrospinal fluid under accreditation using a flexible scope in molecular virology: setting up the HIV, HBV and HCV Aptima™ Quant Dx assays
  18. Plasma neurofilament light chain is associated with mortality after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
  19. Comparison of the diagnostic performance of two automated urine sediment analyzers with manual phase-contrast microscopy
  20. Development and validation of LC-MS/MS methods to measure tobramycin and lincomycin in plasma, microdialysis fluid and urine: application to a pilot pharmacokinetic research study
  21. Reference Values and Biological Variations
  22. Cord blood S100B: reference ranges and interest for early identification of newborns with brain injury
  23. Hematology and Coagulation
  24. Validation and standardization of the ETP-based activated protein C resistance test for the clinical investigation of steroid contraceptives in women: an unmet clinical and regulatory need
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  26. Next-generation sequencing for tumor mutation quantification using liquid biopsies
  27. Cardiovascular Diseases
  28. Evolution of the slopes of ST2 and galectin-3 during marathon and ultratrail running compared to a control group
  29. Letters to the Editor
  30. Biological variation of two serum markers for preeclampsia prediction
  31. Daily monitoring of a control material with a concentration near the limit of detection improves the measurement accuracy of highly sensitive troponin assays
  32. Are patients adequately informed about procedures for 24-h urine collection?
  33. Interferences in free thyroxine concentration using the Roche analytical platform: improvement of the third generation?
  34. Procedures for the diagnosis of macro-follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in a patient with high serum FSH concentrations
  35. False-positive result of immunochromatographic (IC) strip test for the diagnosis of α-thalassemia in samples with autoantibodies
  36. Sample dilution for soluble interleukin-2 receptor α measurement: comparison of two different matrices
  37. The growing problem of predatory publishing: a case report
  38. Cerebrospinal fluid lactate levels according to the site of puncture
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