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Serum kallikrein-8 correlates with skin activity, but not psoriatic arthritis, in patients with psoriatic disease

  • Azza Eissa , Daniela Cretu , Antoninus Soosaipillai , Arane Thavaneswaran , Fawnda Pellett , Anastasia Diamandis , Ferda Cevikbas , Martin Steinhoff , Eleftherios P. Diamandis , Dafna Gladman and Vinod Chandran EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: August 22, 2012
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Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
From the journal Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) Volume 51 Issue 2

Abstract

Background: About 30% of cutaneous psoriasis (PsC) patients develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in the joint, which is under-recognized by dermatologists. Biomarkers for PsA are needed so that early referral to a rheumatologist is made. Kallikreins (KLKs) are secreted serine proteases implicated in skin desquamation and inflammation. This study examined KLK potential as serum biomarkers of PsA in cutaneous psoriasis patients.

Methods: KLKs were measured by ELISAs in synovial fluids of three PsA patients and three control early osteoarthritis (OA) patients, as well as in a cohort of 152 serum samples collected from age- and sex-matched PsC patients, with (n=76) or without PsA (n=76). KLK expression in psoriatic plaques was examined by immunohistochemistry. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to analyze the association between serum KLK levels and disease class (PsC, PsA). Serum KLKs that associated with PsA were correlated with clinical parameters of skin and joint activity.

Results: Among the seven KLKs tested, KLK6 and KLK8 were elevated in both PsA synovial fluids and psoriatic plaques, but only serum KLK8 levels were associated with psoriatic disease (odds ratio=2.56, p=0.03). Although significantly elevated in PsC and PsA sera compared to healthy controls, KLK8 did not discriminate PsA from PsC patients. KLK8 correlated positively with the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) (r=0.43, p=0.001) independent of age, sex and psoriasis duration (β=1.153, p=0.0003) and exhibited no correlations with tender or swollen joint counts.

Conclusions: Increased KLK8 serum level in PsA patients reflects disease activity in the skin but not in the joints. Serum KLK levels are not useful for screening psoriasis patients for PsA.

Keywords: biomarker; ELISA; kallikreins; psoriasis; psoriasis area and severity index (PASI); psoriatic arthritis; screening
Corresponding author: Dr. Vinod Chandran, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, 1E 416, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Canada, Phone: +1-416-603-5192, Fax: + 1-416-603-9387

Vinod Chandran is supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research through a New Emerging Team grant. The study was supported by grants from The Arthritis Society, Canada and the Krembil Foundation.

Conflict of interest statement

Authors’ conflict of interest disclosure: The authors state that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article. Study support played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.

Research funding: None declared.

Employment or leadership: None declared.

Honorarium: None declared.

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Received: 2012-04-18
Accepted: 2012-07-15
Published Online: 2012-08-22
Published in Print: 2013-02-01

©2013 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2012-0251
Keywords for this article
biomarker; ELISA; kallikreins; psoriasis; psoriasis area and severity index (PASI); psoriatic arthritis; screening

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Letters to the Editor
  2. Performance evaluation of three different immunoassays for detection of antibodies to hepatitis B core
  3. Serum homocysteine concentrations in Chinese children with autism
  4. Interchangeability of venous and capillary HbA1c results is affected by oxidative stress
  5. Interference of hemoglobin (Hb) N-Baltimore on measurement of HbA1c using the HA-8160 HPLC method
  6. First human isolate of Mycobacterium madagascariense in the sputum of a patient with tracheobronchitis
  7. Protein S and protein C measurements should not be undertaken during vitamin K antagonist therapy
  8. α2-HS glycoprotein is an essential component of cryoglobulin associated with chronic hepatitis C
  9. An unusual interference in CK MB assay caused by a macro enzyme creatine phosphokinase (CK) type 2 in HIV-infected patients
  10. An automated technique for the measurement of the plasma glutathione reductase activity and determination of reference limits for a healthy population
  11. Is osteopontin stable in plasma and serum?
  12. Evidence-based approach to reducing perceived wasteful practices in laboratory medicine
  13. Masthead
  14. Masthead
  15. Editorials
  16. Testing volume is not synonymous of cost, value and efficacy in laboratory diagnostics
  17. Lessons from controversy: biomarkers evaluation
  18. Commercial immunoassays in biomarkers studies: researchers beware!1)
  19. Trials and tribulations in lupus anticoagulant testing
  20. Reviews
  21. Mass spectrometry: a revolution in clinical microbiology?
  22. Chronic Chagas disease: from basics to laboratory medicine
  23. General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
  24. Shop for quality or quantity? Volumes and costs in clinical laboratories
  25. Minor improvement of venous blood specimen collection practices in primary health care after a large-scale educational intervention
  26. Evaluation of high resolution gel β2-transferrin for detection of cerebrospinal fluid leak
  27. Serum kallikrein-8 correlates with skin activity, but not psoriatic arthritis, in patients with psoriatic disease
  28. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in the assessment of inflammatory activity of rheumatoid arthritis patients in remission
  29. Bone mass density selectively correlates with serum markers of oxidative damage in post-menopausal women
  30. Validation of a fast and reliable liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization method for simultaneous quantitation of voriconazole, itraconazole and its active metabolite hydroxyitraconazole in human plasma
  31. Performance of different screening methods for the determination of urinary glycosaminoclycans
  32. Intestinal permeability and fecal eosinophil-derived neurotoxin are the best diagnosis tools for digestive non-IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy in toddlers
  33. An internal validation approach and quality control on hematopoietic chimerism testing after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
  34. Serum levels of IgG antibodies against oxidized LDL and atherogenic indices in HIV-1-infected patients treated with protease inhibitors
  35. Cooperation experience in a multicentre study to define the upper limits in a normal population for the diagnostic assessment of the functional lupus anticoagulant assays
  36. Contribution of procoagulant phospholipids, thrombomodulin activity and thrombin generation assays as prognostic factors in intensive care patients with septic and non-septic organ failure
  37. Suitability of POC lactate methods for fetal and perinatal lactate testing: considerations for accuracy, specificity and decision making criteria
  38. Point-of-care testing on admission to the intensive care unit: lactate and glucose independently predict mortality
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  40. CA125 reference values change in male and postmenopausal female subjects
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