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Human SepSecS or SLA/LP: selenocysteine formation and autoimmune hepatitis
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Sotiria Palioura
Published/Copyright:
May 19, 2010
Abstract
Selenocysteine, the 21st genetically encoded amino acid, is the major form of the antioxidant trace element selenium in the human body. In eukaryotes and archaea its synthesis proceeds through a phosphorylated intermediate in a tRNA-dependent fashion. The final step of selenocysteine formation is catalyzed by O-phosphoseryl-tRNA:selenocysteinyl-tRNA synthase (SepSecS) that converts phosphoseryl-tRNASec to selenocysteinyl-tRNASec. The human SepSecS protein is also known as soluble liver antigen/liver pancreas (SLA/LP), which represents one of the antigens of autoimmune hepatitis. Here we review the discovery of human SepSecS and the current understanding of the immunogenicity of SLA/LP in autoimmune hepatitis.
Keywords: selenium; selenocysteine tRNA; Sep-tRNA:Sec-tRNA synthase; Soluble Liver Antigen/Liver Pancreas; stop codon recoding; UGA recoding
Received: 2010-2-1
Accepted: 2010-3-23
Published Online: 2010-05-19
Published in Print: 2010-07-01
©2010 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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Keywords for this article
selenium;
selenocysteine tRNA;
Sep-tRNA:Sec-tRNA synthase;
Soluble Liver Antigen/Liver Pancreas;
stop codon recoding;
UGA recoding
Articles in the same Issue
- Guest Editorial
- Highlight: Of Systems and Structures
- HIGHLIGHT: STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
- Converging on the function of intrinsically disordered nucleoporins in the nuclear pore complex
- Towards molecular systems biology of gene transcription and regulation
- Small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering as a tool for structural systems biology
- The type III secretion injectisome, a complex nanomachine for intracellular ‘toxin’ delivery
- Structural insights into the evolution of the adaptive immune system: the variable lymphocyte receptors of jawless vertebrates
- The XPD helicase: XPanDing archaeal XPD structures to get a grip on human DNA repair
- Decoding transcription and microRNA-mediated translation control in Drosophila development
- Human SepSecS or SLA/LP: selenocysteine formation and autoimmune hepatitis
- PROTEIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
- The rhodanese RhdA helps Azotobacter vinelandii in maintaining cellular redox balance
- MEMBRANES, LIPIDS, GLYCOBIOLOGY
- The membrane-bound bile acid receptor TGR5 (Gpbar-1) is localized in the primary cilium of cholangiocytes
- CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNALING
- miR-221/222 suppression protects against endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis via p27Kip1- and MEK/ERK-mediated cell cycle regulation
- Tissue kallikrein promotes prostate cancer cell migration and invasion via a protease-activated receptor-1-dependent signaling pathway
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- PROTEOLYSIS
- Degradation of human kininogens with the release of kinin peptides by extracellular proteinases of Candida spp.
- NOVEL TECHNIQUES
- Detection of breast cancer-related antigens through cDNA phage-displayed protein microarray
