Material point method simulations of transverse fracture in wood with realistic morphologies
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John A. Nairn
Abstract
A new numerical method called the material point method (MPM) is well suited for modeling problems with complex geometries and with crack propagation in arbitrary directions. In this paper, these features of MPM were used to simulate transverse fracture in solid wood. The simulations were run on the scale of growth rings. The ease with which MPM handles complex geometries was helpful for modeling realistic morphologies of earlywood and latewood. Because MPM discretizes a body into material points, it was possible to go directly from a digital image of wood to a numerical model by assigning the location and properties of material points based on the intensity or color of pixels in an image. Because the description of cracks in MPM is meshless, it can handle a variety of crack propagation and direction criteria and can simulate complex crack paths that are a consequence of the morphology of the specimen. MPM simulations were run for cracks in the radial direction, the tangential direction, and at two angles to the radial direction. The specimens were loaded by axial displacement or by wedge opening. The MPM simulations fully included contact effects during wedge loading. Finally, the potential for coupling such simulations to new experiments as a tool for characterization of wood is discussed.
©2007 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Articles in the same Issue
- Meetings
- Micromechanical modeling of solid-type and plate-type deformation patterns within softwood materials. A review and an improved approach
- Failure mechanisms in wood-based materials: A review of discrete, continuum, and hybrid finite-element representations
- Morphological lattice models for the simulation of softwood failure and fracture
- Experimental and numerical investigation of wood fracture mechanisms at different humidity levels
- Material point method simulations of transverse fracture in wood with realistic morphologies
- Simulation of cracks in wood using a coupled material model for interface elements
- Preliminary tests to evaluate the mechanical properties of young trees with small diameter
- Characterization and strength modeling of parallel-strand lumber
- Dynamic behaviour of cork and cork-filled aluminium tubes: Numerical simulation and innovative applications
- A numerical study of the transverse modulus of wood as a function of grain orientation and properties
- Effects of ring characteristics on the compressive strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity of seven softwood species
- Experimental device for the accurate determination of wood-water relations on micro-samples
- Evaluating the suitability of hybrid poplar clones for the manufacture of oriented strand boards
- Finely milled kenaf core as a natural plywood binder
- Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps. Part 1. Characterizing the effect of alkaline peroxide treatment on carboxyl groups of fibers
- Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps: Part 2. Effect of increased fiber charge on refining, wet-end application, and hornification
- Molar mass determination of lignins by size-exclusion chromatography: towards standardisation of the method
Articles in the same Issue
- Meetings
- Micromechanical modeling of solid-type and plate-type deformation patterns within softwood materials. A review and an improved approach
- Failure mechanisms in wood-based materials: A review of discrete, continuum, and hybrid finite-element representations
- Morphological lattice models for the simulation of softwood failure and fracture
- Experimental and numerical investigation of wood fracture mechanisms at different humidity levels
- Material point method simulations of transverse fracture in wood with realistic morphologies
- Simulation of cracks in wood using a coupled material model for interface elements
- Preliminary tests to evaluate the mechanical properties of young trees with small diameter
- Characterization and strength modeling of parallel-strand lumber
- Dynamic behaviour of cork and cork-filled aluminium tubes: Numerical simulation and innovative applications
- A numerical study of the transverse modulus of wood as a function of grain orientation and properties
- Effects of ring characteristics on the compressive strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity of seven softwood species
- Experimental device for the accurate determination of wood-water relations on micro-samples
- Evaluating the suitability of hybrid poplar clones for the manufacture of oriented strand boards
- Finely milled kenaf core as a natural plywood binder
- Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps. Part 1. Characterizing the effect of alkaline peroxide treatment on carboxyl groups of fibers
- Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps: Part 2. Effect of increased fiber charge on refining, wet-end application, and hornification
- Molar mass determination of lignins by size-exclusion chromatography: towards standardisation of the method
