Molar mass determination of lignins by size-exclusion chromatography: towards standardisation of the method
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Stéphanie Baumberger
Abstract
The reactivity and physicochemical properties of lignins are partly governed by their molar mass distribution. The development of reliable standard methods for determination of the molar mass distribution is not only relevant for designing technical lignins for specific applications, but also for monitoring and elucidating delignification and pulping processes. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) offers many advantages, such as wide availability, short analysis time, low sample demand, and determination of molar mass distribution over a wide range. A collaborative study has been undertaken within the “Eurolignin” European thematic network to standardise SEC analysis of technical lignins. The high-molar-mass fraction of polydisperse lignins was shown to be the main source of intra- and interlaboratory variations, depending on the gel type, elution solvent, detection mode, and calculation strategy. The reliability of two widespread systems have been tested: one based on alkali and a hydrophilic gel (e.g., TSK Toyopearl gel) and the other based on THF as solvent and polystyrene-based gels (e.g., Styragel). A set of practical recommendations has been deduced.
©2007 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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- Experimental and numerical investigation of wood fracture mechanisms at different humidity levels
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- Molar mass determination of lignins by size-exclusion chromatography: towards standardisation of the method
Articles in the same Issue
- Meetings
- Micromechanical modeling of solid-type and plate-type deformation patterns within softwood materials. A review and an improved approach
- Failure mechanisms in wood-based materials: A review of discrete, continuum, and hybrid finite-element representations
- Morphological lattice models for the simulation of softwood failure and fracture
- Experimental and numerical investigation of wood fracture mechanisms at different humidity levels
- Material point method simulations of transverse fracture in wood with realistic morphologies
- Simulation of cracks in wood using a coupled material model for interface elements
- Preliminary tests to evaluate the mechanical properties of young trees with small diameter
- Characterization and strength modeling of parallel-strand lumber
- Dynamic behaviour of cork and cork-filled aluminium tubes: Numerical simulation and innovative applications
- A numerical study of the transverse modulus of wood as a function of grain orientation and properties
- Effects of ring characteristics on the compressive strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity of seven softwood species
- Experimental device for the accurate determination of wood-water relations on micro-samples
- Evaluating the suitability of hybrid poplar clones for the manufacture of oriented strand boards
- Finely milled kenaf core as a natural plywood binder
- Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps. Part 1. Characterizing the effect of alkaline peroxide treatment on carboxyl groups of fibers
- Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps: Part 2. Effect of increased fiber charge on refining, wet-end application, and hornification
- Molar mass determination of lignins by size-exclusion chromatography: towards standardisation of the method
