Chapter 5 Integrated technologies for environmental remediation by using green materials
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Basant Kumar Singh
Abstract
This chapter aims to remediate toxic inorganic molecules (i.e., inorganic pigment, metal ion, anions, etc.), organic molecules/compounds (i.e., hazardous organic compounds, dyes, etc.), and other contaminants from aqueous wastewater as well as from soil and air using green materials. Designing chemical processes and a variety of materials that minimize the use of hazardous substances and do not generate hazardous substances is green chemistry. Plant-based, biodegradable, and recycled materials are known as green materials, and are used as barrier membranes to function as adsorbent materials for different types of contaminants.
Various analytical techniques and technologies based on photocatalysis, adsorption, absorption, chemical reaction, filtration, and centrifugation are used to remediate the contaminant from different natural sources of the environment.
In our environment, natural sources such as water, soil, and air have a significant role in human life as well as for the existence of life of others. The human population and its activities toward industrialization and unsustainable agricultural practices lead to air, water, and soil pollution, which is a major global concern.
In the case of water, out of 10 hazardous metals, Hg (mercury), Pb (lead), As (arsenic), and Cd (cadmium) are major threats to mankind. Herbicides, pesticides, fertilizers, and oil spills are also contaminants of the water body. These contaminants and metals are nonbiodegradable in nature and due to this, they can persist for a long period in a natural aquatic body.
Main source of toxic waste material is from municipalities, industrial effluents and sewage from village. In the case of air, filters, ionizers, activated carbon, some oxidant materials, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, and so on are used to remove dust particulates and other airborne contaminants. In the case of soil, soil washing by 118using environmentally friendly surfactants and other green solvents is used to remediate its contaminants.
The green method and green material are likely effective for treating wastewater, soil, air and other commercial wastes. Overall, green method intends to project a path of rapid development that provides a broad overview of recent applications of green material as future opportunities that are involved in the field of wastewater treatment.
Abstract
This chapter aims to remediate toxic inorganic molecules (i.e., inorganic pigment, metal ion, anions, etc.), organic molecules/compounds (i.e., hazardous organic compounds, dyes, etc.), and other contaminants from aqueous wastewater as well as from soil and air using green materials. Designing chemical processes and a variety of materials that minimize the use of hazardous substances and do not generate hazardous substances is green chemistry. Plant-based, biodegradable, and recycled materials are known as green materials, and are used as barrier membranes to function as adsorbent materials for different types of contaminants.
Various analytical techniques and technologies based on photocatalysis, adsorption, absorption, chemical reaction, filtration, and centrifugation are used to remediate the contaminant from different natural sources of the environment.
In our environment, natural sources such as water, soil, and air have a significant role in human life as well as for the existence of life of others. The human population and its activities toward industrialization and unsustainable agricultural practices lead to air, water, and soil pollution, which is a major global concern.
In the case of water, out of 10 hazardous metals, Hg (mercury), Pb (lead), As (arsenic), and Cd (cadmium) are major threats to mankind. Herbicides, pesticides, fertilizers, and oil spills are also contaminants of the water body. These contaminants and metals are nonbiodegradable in nature and due to this, they can persist for a long period in a natural aquatic body.
Main source of toxic waste material is from municipalities, industrial effluents and sewage from village. In the case of air, filters, ionizers, activated carbon, some oxidant materials, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, and so on are used to remove dust particulates and other airborne contaminants. In the case of soil, soil washing by 118using environmentally friendly surfactants and other green solvents is used to remediate its contaminants.
The green method and green material are likely effective for treating wastewater, soil, air and other commercial wastes. Overall, green method intends to project a path of rapid development that provides a broad overview of recent applications of green material as future opportunities that are involved in the field of wastewater treatment.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- About the series V
- Contents VII
- List of contributing authors IX
- Chapter 1 Introduction to green chemistry and sustainable materials 1
- Chapter 2 Methods for synthesizing green materials 21
- Chapter 3 The role of solvents and catalysts in green chemistry 55
- Chapter 4 Overview of biopolymers for sustainable environment 97
- Chapter 5 Integrated technologies for environmental remediation by using green materials 117
- Chapter 6 Plastic waste management: a sustainable practice for green future 145
- Chapter 7 Data-driven approaches for aligning nanopackaging innovations with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 167
- Chapter 8 Value-added materials: Solar energy applications 203
- Chapter 9 Case studies demonstrating sustainable development for green chemistry approaches 219
- Chapter 10 Latest technologies and future perspectives in green materials 257
- Chapter 11 Greener approach for next generation materials: Biofuel, biorefinery 283
- Chapter 12 Utilization of fly ash for a sustainable environment: Innovations in waste management, construction, and renewable energy applications 299
- Chapter 13 Environmental risk assessment of green material: A circular economy approach 321
- Chapter 14 A framework for analyzing growth, competition, and environmental impacts: A forest population dynamics through modelling 345
- Index
- De Gruyter Series in Green Chemical Processing
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- About the series V
- Contents VII
- List of contributing authors IX
- Chapter 1 Introduction to green chemistry and sustainable materials 1
- Chapter 2 Methods for synthesizing green materials 21
- Chapter 3 The role of solvents and catalysts in green chemistry 55
- Chapter 4 Overview of biopolymers for sustainable environment 97
- Chapter 5 Integrated technologies for environmental remediation by using green materials 117
- Chapter 6 Plastic waste management: a sustainable practice for green future 145
- Chapter 7 Data-driven approaches for aligning nanopackaging innovations with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 167
- Chapter 8 Value-added materials: Solar energy applications 203
- Chapter 9 Case studies demonstrating sustainable development for green chemistry approaches 219
- Chapter 10 Latest technologies and future perspectives in green materials 257
- Chapter 11 Greener approach for next generation materials: Biofuel, biorefinery 283
- Chapter 12 Utilization of fly ash for a sustainable environment: Innovations in waste management, construction, and renewable energy applications 299
- Chapter 13 Environmental risk assessment of green material: A circular economy approach 321
- Chapter 14 A framework for analyzing growth, competition, and environmental impacts: A forest population dynamics through modelling 345
- Index
- De Gruyter Series in Green Chemical Processing
