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Chapter 11 Greener approach for next generation materials: Biofuel, biorefinery

  • Pooja , Nandini Pabreja , Aman Maurya , Laishram Saya and Ajay Kumar Mishra
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Green Materials for an Eco-Friendly Environment
This chapter is in the book Green Materials for an Eco-Friendly Environment

Abstract

The basic need of industries is energy but the source of energy is the main concern. Not only must the source of energy be renewable but the process of producing the source should also be greener. The utilization of next-generation biofuel and biorefinery is vital for the long-term sustainability of the commercial, chemical, agriculture, industrial and associated energy sectors because of the growing demands of fossil fuels and in particular, industries need to respond to the challenges of sustainability and over usage of nonrenewable resources. In order to address the sustainable strategy, there is a need to switch over to renewable resources and manufacture of environmentally compatible materials. This transformation is possible by the use of accessible, widely available, and cheap source of carbon, which is biomass, and biorefineries are employed for converting biomass into valuable products. Biorefineries are setup to achieve circular bioeconomy by promoting resource restoration and its regeneration. This chapter focuses on the carbon-neutral, green, and sustainable approach of next-generation biorefineries. Their source of biowaste, pretreatment of biowaste using green methods, set up, operation, production of biofuels like biodiesel, biomethane, sustainable activation fuel (SAF), biogas, and biohydrogen by utilization of second-generation biowaste and processes like controlled pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquification or gasification, incineration or carbonization, aerobic fermentation, anaerobic digestion, microwave activation, and enzymatic reactions using phytochemicals have been discussed. It also highlights the importance and usage of commercially feasible first-generation renewable feedstock and commercially competitive third-generation feedstock like microalgae and macroalgae, a comparison of all three generations of renewable feedstock, technical developments in the industrial sectors based on green energy, issues, and challenges and future perspectives of the biofuels.

Abstract

The basic need of industries is energy but the source of energy is the main concern. Not only must the source of energy be renewable but the process of producing the source should also be greener. The utilization of next-generation biofuel and biorefinery is vital for the long-term sustainability of the commercial, chemical, agriculture, industrial and associated energy sectors because of the growing demands of fossil fuels and in particular, industries need to respond to the challenges of sustainability and over usage of nonrenewable resources. In order to address the sustainable strategy, there is a need to switch over to renewable resources and manufacture of environmentally compatible materials. This transformation is possible by the use of accessible, widely available, and cheap source of carbon, which is biomass, and biorefineries are employed for converting biomass into valuable products. Biorefineries are setup to achieve circular bioeconomy by promoting resource restoration and its regeneration. This chapter focuses on the carbon-neutral, green, and sustainable approach of next-generation biorefineries. Their source of biowaste, pretreatment of biowaste using green methods, set up, operation, production of biofuels like biodiesel, biomethane, sustainable activation fuel (SAF), biogas, and biohydrogen by utilization of second-generation biowaste and processes like controlled pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquification or gasification, incineration or carbonization, aerobic fermentation, anaerobic digestion, microwave activation, and enzymatic reactions using phytochemicals have been discussed. It also highlights the importance and usage of commercially feasible first-generation renewable feedstock and commercially competitive third-generation feedstock like microalgae and macroalgae, a comparison of all three generations of renewable feedstock, technical developments in the industrial sectors based on green energy, issues, and challenges and future perspectives of the biofuels.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. About the series V
  3. Contents VII
  4. List of contributing authors IX
  5. Chapter 1 Introduction to green chemistry and sustainable materials 1
  6. Chapter 2 Methods for synthesizing green materials 21
  7. Chapter 3 The role of solvents and catalysts in green chemistry 55
  8. Chapter 4 Overview of biopolymers for sustainable environment 97
  9. Chapter 5 Integrated technologies for environmental remediation by using green materials 117
  10. Chapter 6 Plastic waste management: a sustainable practice for green future 145
  11. Chapter 7 Data-driven approaches for aligning nanopackaging innovations with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 167
  12. Chapter 8 Value-added materials: Solar energy applications 203
  13. Chapter 9 Case studies demonstrating sustainable development for green chemistry approaches 219
  14. Chapter 10 Latest technologies and future perspectives in green materials 257
  15. Chapter 11 Greener approach for next generation materials: Biofuel, biorefinery 283
  16. Chapter 12 Utilization of fly ash for a sustainable environment: Innovations in waste management, construction, and renewable energy applications 299
  17. Chapter 13 Environmental risk assessment of green material: A circular economy approach 321
  18. Chapter 14 A framework for analyzing growth, competition, and environmental impacts: A forest population dynamics through modelling 345
  19. Index
  20. De Gruyter Series in Green Chemical Processing
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111618906-011

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. About the series V
  3. Contents VII
  4. List of contributing authors IX
  5. Chapter 1 Introduction to green chemistry and sustainable materials 1
  6. Chapter 2 Methods for synthesizing green materials 21
  7. Chapter 3 The role of solvents and catalysts in green chemistry 55
  8. Chapter 4 Overview of biopolymers for sustainable environment 97
  9. Chapter 5 Integrated technologies for environmental remediation by using green materials 117
  10. Chapter 6 Plastic waste management: a sustainable practice for green future 145
  11. Chapter 7 Data-driven approaches for aligning nanopackaging innovations with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 167
  12. Chapter 8 Value-added materials: Solar energy applications 203
  13. Chapter 9 Case studies demonstrating sustainable development for green chemistry approaches 219
  14. Chapter 10 Latest technologies and future perspectives in green materials 257
  15. Chapter 11 Greener approach for next generation materials: Biofuel, biorefinery 283
  16. Chapter 12 Utilization of fly ash for a sustainable environment: Innovations in waste management, construction, and renewable energy applications 299
  17. Chapter 13 Environmental risk assessment of green material: A circular economy approach 321
  18. Chapter 14 A framework for analyzing growth, competition, and environmental impacts: A forest population dynamics through modelling 345
  19. Index
  20. De Gruyter Series in Green Chemical Processing
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