16 Recent advancements in polymer nanocomposites-based adsorbents for chromium removal
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Anjali Awasthi
Abstract
Chromium is a toxic heavy metal commonly found in industrial effluents. It remains a serious cause of environmental and health hazards in recent days. Adsorption is a very effective method of treatment for the removal of chromium from wastewater. Polymer nanocomposite-based adsorbents have gained increasing attention over time due to their unique physico-chemical properties and ease of functionalization. This chapter outlines the recent progress in polymer nanocomposite-based adsorbents for chromium decontamination from aqueous environments. Specific focus is given to the design and synthesis of various polymer nanocomposites, their adsorption characteristics, and the underlying mechanisms of chromium adsorption. Insights are provided into functionalization strategies that can not only increase the uptake of chromium but also improve mechanical integrity and thereby enhance adsorbent recyclability. A critical evaluation is made using key figures of merit, including adsorption capacity and chromium removal efficiency. The equilibrium and kinetic behavior of these systems are discussed. Major factors influencing the adsorption process are examined. Finally, the future perspective is discussed to identify subsequent research initiatives that need to be undertaken to overcome the existing challenges in nanomaterial-based chromium remediation to realize real-time, largescale industrial applications.
Abstract
Chromium is a toxic heavy metal commonly found in industrial effluents. It remains a serious cause of environmental and health hazards in recent days. Adsorption is a very effective method of treatment for the removal of chromium from wastewater. Polymer nanocomposite-based adsorbents have gained increasing attention over time due to their unique physico-chemical properties and ease of functionalization. This chapter outlines the recent progress in polymer nanocomposite-based adsorbents for chromium decontamination from aqueous environments. Specific focus is given to the design and synthesis of various polymer nanocomposites, their adsorption characteristics, and the underlying mechanisms of chromium adsorption. Insights are provided into functionalization strategies that can not only increase the uptake of chromium but also improve mechanical integrity and thereby enhance adsorbent recyclability. A critical evaluation is made using key figures of merit, including adsorption capacity and chromium removal efficiency. The equilibrium and kinetic behavior of these systems are discussed. Major factors influencing the adsorption process are examined. Finally, the future perspective is discussed to identify subsequent research initiatives that need to be undertaken to overcome the existing challenges in nanomaterial-based chromium remediation to realize real-time, largescale industrial applications.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Acknowledgments VII
- Contents IX
- 1 The current scenario in nanocomposite and nanohybrid materials 1
- 2 A current perspective on nanocomposite and nanohybrid material: developments and trends 29
- 3 Synthetic nanomaterials: fabrication, development, and characterization 55
- 4 Advances in fabrication, development, and characterization of synthetic nanomaterials 85
- 5 Structural, morphological, thermal, and long persistent properties of synthesized nanostructured phosphor 99
- 6 Mechanical characteristics and surface roughness testing of nanomaterials in enhancing the discharge over spillways 117
- 7 Biomedical considerations of nanomaterials based on biological aspects in biomedical field 139
- 8 Nanomaterial-based molecular imaging and targeted cancer therapy: current progress and limitations 161
- 9 Emerging perspectives of nanoparticles to treat neurodegenerative diseases 179
- 10 Understanding antibacterial disinfection mechanisms of oxide-based photocatalytic materials 195
- 11 Nanocomposites and nanohybrids in additive manufacturing 223
- 12 Characterization and mechanical properties analysis of carbon nanotube and hydroxyapatite-modified polymethyl methacrylate bone cement for bio-nanocomposite 237
- 13 Role of nanomaterials in enhancing the performance of polymer composite materials 259
- 14 Nanotechnology: a novel weapon for insect pest and vector management 277
- 15 Effect of carbon nanotubes, aluminum hydroxide, and zinc borate on the mechanical and fire properties of epoxy nanocomposite 297
- 16 Recent advancements in polymer nanocomposites-based adsorbents for chromium removal 315
- About the editors 337
- List of contributors 339
- Index 343
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Acknowledgments VII
- Contents IX
- 1 The current scenario in nanocomposite and nanohybrid materials 1
- 2 A current perspective on nanocomposite and nanohybrid material: developments and trends 29
- 3 Synthetic nanomaterials: fabrication, development, and characterization 55
- 4 Advances in fabrication, development, and characterization of synthetic nanomaterials 85
- 5 Structural, morphological, thermal, and long persistent properties of synthesized nanostructured phosphor 99
- 6 Mechanical characteristics and surface roughness testing of nanomaterials in enhancing the discharge over spillways 117
- 7 Biomedical considerations of nanomaterials based on biological aspects in biomedical field 139
- 8 Nanomaterial-based molecular imaging and targeted cancer therapy: current progress and limitations 161
- 9 Emerging perspectives of nanoparticles to treat neurodegenerative diseases 179
- 10 Understanding antibacterial disinfection mechanisms of oxide-based photocatalytic materials 195
- 11 Nanocomposites and nanohybrids in additive manufacturing 223
- 12 Characterization and mechanical properties analysis of carbon nanotube and hydroxyapatite-modified polymethyl methacrylate bone cement for bio-nanocomposite 237
- 13 Role of nanomaterials in enhancing the performance of polymer composite materials 259
- 14 Nanotechnology: a novel weapon for insect pest and vector management 277
- 15 Effect of carbon nanotubes, aluminum hydroxide, and zinc borate on the mechanical and fire properties of epoxy nanocomposite 297
- 16 Recent advancements in polymer nanocomposites-based adsorbents for chromium removal 315
- About the editors 337
- List of contributors 339
- Index 343
