Chapter 6.2 Experimental investigations on coconut shell powder reinforcement in friction stir processed surfaces
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Abstract
Friction stir processing (FSP) is a low-energy solid-state technology for producing surface composites by strengthening coconut shell ash powder (CSP) elements in the AA2014-T651 matrix. With their high demand in transport and aerospace applications, it improves their local surface modification with the homogeneity of scattered elements and improved material qualities such as high hardness and increased tensile properties over typical alloys. Coconut shell is a stable agricultural waste fabric that has harmed the environment of those who live near the manufacturing site. Poor agricultural waste management, utilization, and disposal have resulted in an environmental concern that has a negative impact on people’s health. Nonetheless, a number of researchers have used elements as structural or creation enhancements, powder reinforcement in polymer and metal matrix composites, water purification, and strength development. The goal of this study is to see how CSP-reinforced elements affect the AA2014-T651 material when it is made with varied process parameters (PP). Utilizing FSP techniques, the experimentation was carried out using the groove approach. The groove FSP method’s mechanical qualities were assessed. According to the findings, the FSP technique with the groove method was effective in fabricating AA2014-T651 surface composites with CSP particle reinforcement. Variable process factors such as tool rotation speeds of 900, 1,100, and 1,400 rpm, tool-processing speeds of 40, 50, and 60 mm/min and volume percentages of 2, 4, and 6 vol% of reinforcement all play a part in improving base material qualities. The optimal PP condition, reinforcement vol%, and heat generation are met, and elements are distributed consistently throughout the nugget zone, resulting in improved mechanical properties. With FSP, mechanical properties such as tensile strength (UTS) (up to 10%), impact strength (IS) (up to 9%), percentage of elongation (%EL) (up to 10%), yield strength (YS) (up to 8%), and hardness (H) (up to 12%) are enhanced.
Abstract
Friction stir processing (FSP) is a low-energy solid-state technology for producing surface composites by strengthening coconut shell ash powder (CSP) elements in the AA2014-T651 matrix. With their high demand in transport and aerospace applications, it improves their local surface modification with the homogeneity of scattered elements and improved material qualities such as high hardness and increased tensile properties over typical alloys. Coconut shell is a stable agricultural waste fabric that has harmed the environment of those who live near the manufacturing site. Poor agricultural waste management, utilization, and disposal have resulted in an environmental concern that has a negative impact on people’s health. Nonetheless, a number of researchers have used elements as structural or creation enhancements, powder reinforcement in polymer and metal matrix composites, water purification, and strength development. The goal of this study is to see how CSP-reinforced elements affect the AA2014-T651 material when it is made with varied process parameters (PP). Utilizing FSP techniques, the experimentation was carried out using the groove approach. The groove FSP method’s mechanical qualities were assessed. According to the findings, the FSP technique with the groove method was effective in fabricating AA2014-T651 surface composites with CSP particle reinforcement. Variable process factors such as tool rotation speeds of 900, 1,100, and 1,400 rpm, tool-processing speeds of 40, 50, and 60 mm/min and volume percentages of 2, 4, and 6 vol% of reinforcement all play a part in improving base material qualities. The optimal PP condition, reinforcement vol%, and heat generation are met, and elements are distributed consistently throughout the nugget zone, resulting in improved mechanical properties. With FSP, mechanical properties such as tensile strength (UTS) (up to 10%), impact strength (IS) (up to 9%), percentage of elongation (%EL) (up to 10%), yield strength (YS) (up to 8%), and hardness (H) (up to 12%) are enhanced.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Contents V
- Preface XI
- Contributing authors XV
- Chapter 1 Next-generation waste residue composite materials 1
- Chapter 2 Emerging techniques for waste residue composites 39
- Chapter 3 Manufacturing of green waste-reinforced aluminum composites 59
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Chapter 4 Animal waste-based composites: a case study
- 4.1 Influence of animal tooth powder on mechanical and microstructural characteristics of Al6061 MMCs manufactured through ultrasonic-assisted stir casting 75
- Chapter 4.2 Effect of reinforcement particle size on LM-13-snail shell ash–SiC hybrid metal matrix composite 87
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Chapter 5 Industrial waste-based composites
- 5.1 Performance of economical aluminum MMC reinforced with welding slag particles produced using solid-state liquid metallurgical stir casting technique 99
- Chapter 5.2 Effect of ball milling on compacting characteristics of Al-10% Al2O3-fly ash composites 113
- Chapter 5.3 Effects of incorporation of rock dust particles to friction stir processed AA7075 on the microstructure and mechanical properties 125
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Chapter 6 Agriculture waste composites
- 6.1 Effect on density and hardness of aluminum metal matrix composite with the addition of bamboo leaf ash 135
- Chapter 6.2 Experimental investigations on coconut shell powder reinforcement in friction stir processed surfaces 153
- Chapter 7 Challenges in green waste-reinforced aluminum composites 163
- Chapter 8 Applications of green waste composite 173
- Index 185
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Contents V
- Preface XI
- Contributing authors XV
- Chapter 1 Next-generation waste residue composite materials 1
- Chapter 2 Emerging techniques for waste residue composites 39
- Chapter 3 Manufacturing of green waste-reinforced aluminum composites 59
-
Chapter 4 Animal waste-based composites: a case study
- 4.1 Influence of animal tooth powder on mechanical and microstructural characteristics of Al6061 MMCs manufactured through ultrasonic-assisted stir casting 75
- Chapter 4.2 Effect of reinforcement particle size on LM-13-snail shell ash–SiC hybrid metal matrix composite 87
-
Chapter 5 Industrial waste-based composites
- 5.1 Performance of economical aluminum MMC reinforced with welding slag particles produced using solid-state liquid metallurgical stir casting technique 99
- Chapter 5.2 Effect of ball milling on compacting characteristics of Al-10% Al2O3-fly ash composites 113
- Chapter 5.3 Effects of incorporation of rock dust particles to friction stir processed AA7075 on the microstructure and mechanical properties 125
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Chapter 6 Agriculture waste composites
- 6.1 Effect on density and hardness of aluminum metal matrix composite with the addition of bamboo leaf ash 135
- Chapter 6.2 Experimental investigations on coconut shell powder reinforcement in friction stir processed surfaces 153
- Chapter 7 Challenges in green waste-reinforced aluminum composites 163
- Chapter 8 Applications of green waste composite 173
- Index 185
