17 Smart/functional textiles and fashion products enabled by 3D and 4D printing
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Bapan Adak
Abstract
Over the last two decades, researchers, technologists, designers, and manufacturers have made enormous efforts to commercialize additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing technology in an array of fields including textile, apparel, and fashion industries. Recently, a great advancement in AM of complex architectures, which are impossible or difficult to produce otherwise, has been reported. Following the success of making metal/polymer-based 3D printed stiff structures, researchers have also explored the potential of this technique for creating flexible materials such as smart textiles. This chapter presents 3D printing as a novel method for the manufacturing of more flexible, cost-effective, and functional textiles via techniques such as screen printing and ink-jet printing and for fabricating smart textile structures which are slightly different from the conventional knitted or woven fabrics but possessing intelligent properties. Specifically, in this chapter, an overview of 3D printing technology, different 3D printing techniques, material selection, and properties of 3D printed objects in the context of manufacturing of smart and functional textiles is discussed. Emerging smart textiles enabled by 4D printing have also been explored which can exhibit transformation in their structure or colour as a function of time in the presence of an external stimulus. Therefore, the transition from 3D to 4D printing, the basic aspects of 4D printing, and materials selection for 4D printing of smart textiles and fashion products are presented here. The subsequent section discusses the potential applications of textiles enabled by 3D and 4D printing. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives of 3D and 4D printing of smart textiles are summarized.
Abstract
Over the last two decades, researchers, technologists, designers, and manufacturers have made enormous efforts to commercialize additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing technology in an array of fields including textile, apparel, and fashion industries. Recently, a great advancement in AM of complex architectures, which are impossible or difficult to produce otherwise, has been reported. Following the success of making metal/polymer-based 3D printed stiff structures, researchers have also explored the potential of this technique for creating flexible materials such as smart textiles. This chapter presents 3D printing as a novel method for the manufacturing of more flexible, cost-effective, and functional textiles via techniques such as screen printing and ink-jet printing and for fabricating smart textile structures which are slightly different from the conventional knitted or woven fabrics but possessing intelligent properties. Specifically, in this chapter, an overview of 3D printing technology, different 3D printing techniques, material selection, and properties of 3D printed objects in the context of manufacturing of smart and functional textiles is discussed. Emerging smart textiles enabled by 4D printing have also been explored which can exhibit transformation in their structure or colour as a function of time in the presence of an external stimulus. Therefore, the transition from 3D to 4D printing, the basic aspects of 4D printing, and materials selection for 4D printing of smart textiles and fashion products are presented here. The subsequent section discusses the potential applications of textiles enabled by 3D and 4D printing. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives of 3D and 4D printing of smart textiles are summarized.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents IX
- List of authors XI
- 1 Introduction to functional, smart, and intelligent textiles: perspectives and potential applications 1
- 2 Nanotechnology in textile finishing: an approach towards imparting manifold functionalities 63
- 3 Coating- and lamination-based smart textiles: techniques, features, and challenges 97
- 4 Speciality coatings and laminations on textiles 151
- 5 Polymer-based nanocomposites for smart and functional textiles 183
- 6 Emerging trends in electroconductive textiles 221
- 7 Graphene-based functional textile materials 267
- 8 Smart and functional textiles for personal thermal comfort 329
- 9 Stimuli-responsive smart and functional textiles 355
- 10 Protective smart and functional textiles 375
- 11 Functional and smart textiles for military and defence applications 397
- 12 Sensors and actuators for textiles: from materials to applications 469
- 13 Medical textiles: materials, applications, features, and recent advancements 533
- 14 Design and development of chitosan-based textiles for biomedical applications 591
- 15 Smart textiles for energy harvesting applications 607
- 16 Fibrous materials for automotive applications 635
- 17 Smart/functional textiles and fashion products enabled by 3D and 4D printing 683
- 18 Functional and smart textiles in care, treatment, and diagnosis of COVID-19 721
- Index 751
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents IX
- List of authors XI
- 1 Introduction to functional, smart, and intelligent textiles: perspectives and potential applications 1
- 2 Nanotechnology in textile finishing: an approach towards imparting manifold functionalities 63
- 3 Coating- and lamination-based smart textiles: techniques, features, and challenges 97
- 4 Speciality coatings and laminations on textiles 151
- 5 Polymer-based nanocomposites for smart and functional textiles 183
- 6 Emerging trends in electroconductive textiles 221
- 7 Graphene-based functional textile materials 267
- 8 Smart and functional textiles for personal thermal comfort 329
- 9 Stimuli-responsive smart and functional textiles 355
- 10 Protective smart and functional textiles 375
- 11 Functional and smart textiles for military and defence applications 397
- 12 Sensors and actuators for textiles: from materials to applications 469
- 13 Medical textiles: materials, applications, features, and recent advancements 533
- 14 Design and development of chitosan-based textiles for biomedical applications 591
- 15 Smart textiles for energy harvesting applications 607
- 16 Fibrous materials for automotive applications 635
- 17 Smart/functional textiles and fashion products enabled by 3D and 4D printing 683
- 18 Functional and smart textiles in care, treatment, and diagnosis of COVID-19 721
- Index 751
