28 Word classes and learner varieties
-
Giuliano Bernini
Abstract
The organisation of word classes in L2 acquisition is considered in the functional framework of the ‘Basic Variety’ with reference to untutored adult learners of Italian and French. L2 words are firstly differentiated as content and function words according to their role in interactions. Content words are distinguished as verbs, nouns and adverbs in the Basic Variety on the basis of their distributional behaviour in predicate- argument structures and as adjuncts with scope on the utterance irrespective of the target inflected form they may reflect. In a further stage, the morphemes codifying the features of nouns and verbs are acquired in a functionally based sequence. In this process the impact of different types of input and that of relative typological distance is discussed, as for the source languages Moroccan Arabic, Chinese, and Spanish. The components of the L2 word develop in the order phonological shape, semantics, syntax, morphology. Word classes appear in a continuum of undifferentiated to differentiated systems from early to advanced learner varieties.
Abstract
The organisation of word classes in L2 acquisition is considered in the functional framework of the ‘Basic Variety’ with reference to untutored adult learners of Italian and French. L2 words are firstly differentiated as content and function words according to their role in interactions. Content words are distinguished as verbs, nouns and adverbs in the Basic Variety on the basis of their distributional behaviour in predicate- argument structures and as adjuncts with scope on the utterance irrespective of the target inflected form they may reflect. In a further stage, the morphemes codifying the features of nouns and verbs are acquired in a functionally based sequence. In this process the impact of different types of input and that of relative typological distance is discussed, as for the source languages Moroccan Arabic, Chinese, and Spanish. The components of the L2 word develop in the order phonological shape, semantics, syntax, morphology. Word classes appear in a continuum of undifferentiated to differentiated systems from early to advanced learner varieties.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Manuals of Romance Linguistics V
- Table of Contents VII
- Abbreviations XI
- Introduction 1
-
I. Romance word classes: theoretical and historical foundations
- 1 Theoretical foundation for a classification of words 13
- 2 How to classify words 41
- 3 Word classes in the history of Western grammar 69
- 4 Parts of speech in the Romance grammars of the Renaissance 97
-
II. Word classes in the major Romance languages
- 5 Nouns 117
- 6 Adjectives 147
- 7 Determiners 177
- 8 Pronouns 207
- 9 Quantifiers 237
- 10 Negation and negative expressions 265
- 11 Verb classes 297
- 12 Auxiliary verbs 325
- 13 Grammatical categories of the verb 345
- 14 Verbal categories expressing syntactic dependencies 367
- 15 Adverbs 401
- 16 Focalisers 431
- 17 Modal particles 449
- 18 Prepositions 471
- 19 Conjunctions 499
-
III. Word classes in smaller Romance varieties
- 20 Word classes in Occitan 527
- 21 Word classes in Sardinian 549
- 22 Word classes in Romansh 575
- 23 Word classes in Ladin 607
- 24 Word classes in Northern Italian dialects 633
- 25 Word classes in Southern Italian dialects 661
- 26 Word classes in Romance-related Creoles 689
-
IV. Romance word classes and their interfaces: new horizons
- 27 Word classes and psycholinguistics 725
- 28 Word classes and learner varieties 743
- 29 Word classes and corpus linguistics 769
- 30 Word classes and neurolinguistics 797
- 31 Exploring the behaviour of connectives within a textometric perspective 819
- Index 843
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Manuals of Romance Linguistics V
- Table of Contents VII
- Abbreviations XI
- Introduction 1
-
I. Romance word classes: theoretical and historical foundations
- 1 Theoretical foundation for a classification of words 13
- 2 How to classify words 41
- 3 Word classes in the history of Western grammar 69
- 4 Parts of speech in the Romance grammars of the Renaissance 97
-
II. Word classes in the major Romance languages
- 5 Nouns 117
- 6 Adjectives 147
- 7 Determiners 177
- 8 Pronouns 207
- 9 Quantifiers 237
- 10 Negation and negative expressions 265
- 11 Verb classes 297
- 12 Auxiliary verbs 325
- 13 Grammatical categories of the verb 345
- 14 Verbal categories expressing syntactic dependencies 367
- 15 Adverbs 401
- 16 Focalisers 431
- 17 Modal particles 449
- 18 Prepositions 471
- 19 Conjunctions 499
-
III. Word classes in smaller Romance varieties
- 20 Word classes in Occitan 527
- 21 Word classes in Sardinian 549
- 22 Word classes in Romansh 575
- 23 Word classes in Ladin 607
- 24 Word classes in Northern Italian dialects 633
- 25 Word classes in Southern Italian dialects 661
- 26 Word classes in Romance-related Creoles 689
-
IV. Romance word classes and their interfaces: new horizons
- 27 Word classes and psycholinguistics 725
- 28 Word classes and learner varieties 743
- 29 Word classes and corpus linguistics 769
- 30 Word classes and neurolinguistics 797
- 31 Exploring the behaviour of connectives within a textometric perspective 819
- Index 843
