5 Informal financing of entrepreneurs
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Franklin Allen
Abstract
Financing based on social relationships and business networks provides informational and incentive advantages for entrepreneurs and lenders. The utilization of these mechanisms contributes to supporting entrepreneur activities, firm growth, and economic advancement. However, informal financing is not necessarily a substitute but likely complementary to financing through formal institutions. The practice is prevalent worldwide in developing and developed countries, in small and large firms, involving formal and informal financial institutions. Further explorations are in need to re-evaluate the dichotomy and examine cross-country/industry patterns and the selection of informal financing. The understanding of interactions among informal financing, entrepreneurship, and firm dynamics is still insufficient. The importance of relationships and networks in financing is further amplified by fintech advancement. More research is in need to understand its development and to meet new regulatory challenges.
Abstract
Financing based on social relationships and business networks provides informational and incentive advantages for entrepreneurs and lenders. The utilization of these mechanisms contributes to supporting entrepreneur activities, firm growth, and economic advancement. However, informal financing is not necessarily a substitute but likely complementary to financing through formal institutions. The practice is prevalent worldwide in developing and developed countries, in small and large firms, involving formal and informal financial institutions. Further explorations are in need to re-evaluate the dichotomy and examine cross-country/industry patterns and the selection of informal financing. The understanding of interactions among informal financing, entrepreneurship, and firm dynamics is still insufficient. The importance of relationships and networks in financing is further amplified by fintech advancement. More research is in need to understand its development and to meet new regulatory challenges.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgments V
- Contents VII
- Editor and contributor biographies XI
- Introduction 1
-
Part I: The individual level
- Introduction 13
- 1 The role of founders’ tangible resources in founding new ventures 15
- The bootstrapping-bricolage interface 37
- 3 Effectuation and entrepreneurial finance 55
- 4 Portfolio entrepreneurs: The role of risk 75
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Part II: The inner circle
- Introduction 89
- 5 Informal financing of entrepreneurs 91
- 6 Funding entrepreneurs within business groups: An emerging market view 107
- 7 How business incubators and accelerators finance startups 119
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Part III: The wider world
- Introduction 137
- 8 Formal debt as a source of entrepreneurial finance 139
- 9 Microfinance and entrepreneurial finance: A review and future research agenda 153
- 10 Venture capital as a source of entrepreneurial finance 171
- 11 Corporate venture capital: A literature review and research agenda 195
- 12 The role of business angels in the new financial landscape 223
- 13 Government financing of startups 245
- 14 Family offices as startup investors: A synergetic relationship of the old and new economy? 265
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Part IV: Emerging perspectives
- Introduction 291
- 15 A scoping review of most influential entrepreneurial finance studies in developing countries 293
- 16 Conceptualizing gender in entrepreneurial finance: Past trends, current developments and future opportunities 317
- 17 Indigenous entrepreneurial finance: Mapping the landscape with Canadian evidence 335
- 18 Financing entrepreneurs in post-conflict and disaster zones 359
- 19 Ethics and entrepreneurial finance 375
- Conclusion 391
- List of figures 401
- List of tables 403
- Index 405
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgments V
- Contents VII
- Editor and contributor biographies XI
- Introduction 1
-
Part I: The individual level
- Introduction 13
- 1 The role of founders’ tangible resources in founding new ventures 15
- The bootstrapping-bricolage interface 37
- 3 Effectuation and entrepreneurial finance 55
- 4 Portfolio entrepreneurs: The role of risk 75
-
Part II: The inner circle
- Introduction 89
- 5 Informal financing of entrepreneurs 91
- 6 Funding entrepreneurs within business groups: An emerging market view 107
- 7 How business incubators and accelerators finance startups 119
-
Part III: The wider world
- Introduction 137
- 8 Formal debt as a source of entrepreneurial finance 139
- 9 Microfinance and entrepreneurial finance: A review and future research agenda 153
- 10 Venture capital as a source of entrepreneurial finance 171
- 11 Corporate venture capital: A literature review and research agenda 195
- 12 The role of business angels in the new financial landscape 223
- 13 Government financing of startups 245
- 14 Family offices as startup investors: A synergetic relationship of the old and new economy? 265
-
Part IV: Emerging perspectives
- Introduction 291
- 15 A scoping review of most influential entrepreneurial finance studies in developing countries 293
- 16 Conceptualizing gender in entrepreneurial finance: Past trends, current developments and future opportunities 317
- 17 Indigenous entrepreneurial finance: Mapping the landscape with Canadian evidence 335
- 18 Financing entrepreneurs in post-conflict and disaster zones 359
- 19 Ethics and entrepreneurial finance 375
- Conclusion 391
- List of figures 401
- List of tables 403
- Index 405
