15. Charles Kingsley, Yeast: A Problem (1851)
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Timothy L. Carens
Abstract
This chapter approaches Charles Kingsley’s Yeast: A Problem (1848; rev. 1851) as an urgent response to the mid-century ‘Condition-of-England question’ and other contemporary debates about religion, sexuality and gender, and middle-class social responsibility. Without presenting the novel as an aesthetic success, it affirms that Yeast deserves close attention from anyone intrigued by the Victorian period and the complexities of its ideological terrain. To locate the work on a map of this terrain, the chapter offers contextual readings focusing on its relation to Condition-of-England discourse, Anglican anti-Catholicism, and middle-class gender roles. The last of these topics functions paradoxically. On the one hand, Kingsley envisions the heterosexual union as the source of chivalric energy that inspires the middle-class hero to combat poverty, injustice, and ecological catastrophe. On the other, he represents romantic love as a distraction from the hero’s reform quest. The unexpected death of the heroine and collapse of the marriage plot, the chapter argues, expose the intensity of the author’s ambivalence about love and marriage and triggers an unconventional discussion within the novel about its purpose and form.
Abstract
This chapter approaches Charles Kingsley’s Yeast: A Problem (1848; rev. 1851) as an urgent response to the mid-century ‘Condition-of-England question’ and other contemporary debates about religion, sexuality and gender, and middle-class social responsibility. Without presenting the novel as an aesthetic success, it affirms that Yeast deserves close attention from anyone intrigued by the Victorian period and the complexities of its ideological terrain. To locate the work on a map of this terrain, the chapter offers contextual readings focusing on its relation to Condition-of-England discourse, Anglican anti-Catholicism, and middle-class gender roles. The last of these topics functions paradoxically. On the one hand, Kingsley envisions the heterosexual union as the source of chivalric energy that inspires the middle-class hero to combat poverty, injustice, and ecological catastrophe. On the other, he represents romantic love as a distraction from the hero’s reform quest. The unexpected death of the heroine and collapse of the marriage plot, the chapter argues, expose the intensity of the author’s ambivalence about love and marriage and triggers an unconventional discussion within the novel about its purpose and form.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Editors’ Preface V
- Contents VII
- 0. Metamorphoses in English Culture and the Novel, 1830–1900: An Introduction 1
-
Part I: Systematic Questions
- 1. Science and the Victorian Novel 23
- 2. Remediating Nineteenth-Century Narrative 51
- 3. God on the Wane? The Victorian Novel and Religion 71
- 4. Genres and Poetology: The Novel and the Way towards Aesthetic Self-Consciousness 87
- 5. The Art of Novel Writing: Victorian Theories 107
- 6. Victorian Gender Relations and the Novel 121
- 7. Empire – Economy – Materiality 149
-
Part II: Close Readings
- 8. Thomas Carlyle, Sartor Resartus (1833–1834) 173
- 9. Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil, or The Two Nations (1845) 189
- 10. Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre (1847) 205
- 11. Emily Brontë, Wuthering Heights (1847) 221
- 12. Anne Brontë, Agnes Grey (1847) 237
- 13. William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair (1847–1848) 253
- 14. Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell, Mary Barton (1848) 273
- 15. Charles Kingsley, Yeast: A Problem (1851) 289
- 16. Charles Dickens, Bleak House (1853) 305
- 17. Anthony Trollope, Doctor Thorne (1858) 321
- 18. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, Lady Audley’s Secret (1862) 337
- 19. Lewis Carroll, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) 351
- 20. Wilkie Collins, The Moonstone (1868) 367
- 21. Edward Bulwer-Lytton, The Coming Race (1871) 381
- 22. George Eliot, Middlemarch (1871–1872; 1874) 397
- 23. George Meredith, The Egoist (1879) 415
- 24. Walter Pater, Marius the Epicurean (1885) 431
- 25. Robert Louis Stevenson, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886) 445
- 26. Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) 461
- 27. Sarah Grand, The Heavenly Twins (1893) 479
- 28. George Moore, Esther Waters (1894) 495
- 29. Mona Caird, The Daughters of Danaus (1894) 511
- 30. Thomas Hardy, Jude the Obscure (1895) 529
- 31. H. G. Wells, The Time Machine (1895) 547
- 32. Bram Stoker, Dracula (1897) 565
- 33. Henry James, What Maisie Knew (1897) 581
- 34. Joseph Conrad, Lord Jim (1900) 597
- 35. Rudyard Kipling, Kim (1900–1901) 613
- 36. Samuel Butler, The Way of All Flesh (1903) 629
- Index of Subjects 645
- Index of Names 659
- List of Contributors 675
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Editors’ Preface V
- Contents VII
- 0. Metamorphoses in English Culture and the Novel, 1830–1900: An Introduction 1
-
Part I: Systematic Questions
- 1. Science and the Victorian Novel 23
- 2. Remediating Nineteenth-Century Narrative 51
- 3. God on the Wane? The Victorian Novel and Religion 71
- 4. Genres and Poetology: The Novel and the Way towards Aesthetic Self-Consciousness 87
- 5. The Art of Novel Writing: Victorian Theories 107
- 6. Victorian Gender Relations and the Novel 121
- 7. Empire – Economy – Materiality 149
-
Part II: Close Readings
- 8. Thomas Carlyle, Sartor Resartus (1833–1834) 173
- 9. Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil, or The Two Nations (1845) 189
- 10. Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre (1847) 205
- 11. Emily Brontë, Wuthering Heights (1847) 221
- 12. Anne Brontë, Agnes Grey (1847) 237
- 13. William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair (1847–1848) 253
- 14. Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell, Mary Barton (1848) 273
- 15. Charles Kingsley, Yeast: A Problem (1851) 289
- 16. Charles Dickens, Bleak House (1853) 305
- 17. Anthony Trollope, Doctor Thorne (1858) 321
- 18. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, Lady Audley’s Secret (1862) 337
- 19. Lewis Carroll, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) 351
- 20. Wilkie Collins, The Moonstone (1868) 367
- 21. Edward Bulwer-Lytton, The Coming Race (1871) 381
- 22. George Eliot, Middlemarch (1871–1872; 1874) 397
- 23. George Meredith, The Egoist (1879) 415
- 24. Walter Pater, Marius the Epicurean (1885) 431
- 25. Robert Louis Stevenson, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886) 445
- 26. Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) 461
- 27. Sarah Grand, The Heavenly Twins (1893) 479
- 28. George Moore, Esther Waters (1894) 495
- 29. Mona Caird, The Daughters of Danaus (1894) 511
- 30. Thomas Hardy, Jude the Obscure (1895) 529
- 31. H. G. Wells, The Time Machine (1895) 547
- 32. Bram Stoker, Dracula (1897) 565
- 33. Henry James, What Maisie Knew (1897) 581
- 34. Joseph Conrad, Lord Jim (1900) 597
- 35. Rudyard Kipling, Kim (1900–1901) 613
- 36. Samuel Butler, The Way of All Flesh (1903) 629
- Index of Subjects 645
- Index of Names 659
- List of Contributors 675