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Chapter 1. Language control in the context of L3 acquisition

The centrality of individual differences
  • David W. Green
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L3 Syntactic Transfer
This chapter is in the book L3 Syntactic Transfer

Abstract

Current models of L3 syntactic transfer concern what is transferred during the initial stages. Each delineates a different, and singular, trajectory. From the outset though processes involved in co-opting available syntactic forms and pairing these with novel lexical items admit individual variability. Individual variability challenges the presumption of a single trajectory and so this chapter argues that understanding such variability is core to developing necessary and sufficient models of L3 acquisition. The chapter focuses on language control during L3 speech production as an important source of individual variability. Variability in language control affects speech production in L3 throughout the cycle from communicative intention to overt speech. What changes are needed to the processes of language control, and to the representations subject to their control, so that bilingual speakers may converse in an L3? Speakers must adapt their habits of language control so that they can construct and execute sentence plans in L3. Variability in the nature of such control will affect speech output. Current contexts of L3 use will also affect production in the two prior languages. Adaptive changes in language control induced via the acquisition and use of an L3 also impact on the production processes of the two prior languages. Models of L3 acquisition are ultimately models of multilingual processing.

Abstract

Current models of L3 syntactic transfer concern what is transferred during the initial stages. Each delineates a different, and singular, trajectory. From the outset though processes involved in co-opting available syntactic forms and pairing these with novel lexical items admit individual variability. Individual variability challenges the presumption of a single trajectory and so this chapter argues that understanding such variability is core to developing necessary and sufficient models of L3 acquisition. The chapter focuses on language control during L3 speech production as an important source of individual variability. Variability in language control affects speech production in L3 throughout the cycle from communicative intention to overt speech. What changes are needed to the processes of language control, and to the representations subject to their control, so that bilingual speakers may converse in an L3? Speakers must adapt their habits of language control so that they can construct and execute sentence plans in L3. Variability in the nature of such control will affect speech output. Current contexts of L3 use will also affect production in the two prior languages. Adaptive changes in language control induced via the acquisition and use of an L3 also impact on the production processes of the two prior languages. Models of L3 acquisition are ultimately models of multilingual processing.

Chapters in this book

  1. Prelim pages i
  2. Table of contents v
  3. Acknowledgments ix
  4. L3 syntactic transfer – an integrative approach 1
  5. Part I. Refining the existing models on L3 syntactic transfer
  6. Chapter 1. Language control in the context of L3 acquisition 13
  7. Chapter 2. Toward a new understanding of syntactic CLI 35
  8. Chapter 3. Testing the current models of third language acquisition 63
  9. Chapter 4. The L2 status factor hypothesis revisited 85
  10. Chapter 5. Transfer or no transfer; that is the question 103
  11. Part II. New empirical studies on L3 syntactic transfer
  12. Chapter 6. On pronouns that drop (out of German) 127
  13. Chapter 7. Transfer effects in the acquisition of double object constructions in English as an L3 143
  14. Chapter 8. L3 morphosyntactic effects on L1 vs. L2 systems 173
  15. Chapter 9. (When) do L3 English learners transfer from L2 German? 195
  16. Chapter 10. Transfer from an L2 in third language learning 223
  17. Part III. Implications for instructed L3 acquisition
  18. Chapter 11. Input Processing and Processing Instruction 253
  19. Chapter 12. From theory to practice in multilingualism 277
  20. Chapter 13. Input-Practice-Output 299
  21. About the contributors 321
  22. Index 325
https://doi.org/10.1075/bpa.5.02gre

Chapters in this book

  1. Prelim pages i
  2. Table of contents v
  3. Acknowledgments ix
  4. L3 syntactic transfer – an integrative approach 1
  5. Part I. Refining the existing models on L3 syntactic transfer
  6. Chapter 1. Language control in the context of L3 acquisition 13
  7. Chapter 2. Toward a new understanding of syntactic CLI 35
  8. Chapter 3. Testing the current models of third language acquisition 63
  9. Chapter 4. The L2 status factor hypothesis revisited 85
  10. Chapter 5. Transfer or no transfer; that is the question 103
  11. Part II. New empirical studies on L3 syntactic transfer
  12. Chapter 6. On pronouns that drop (out of German) 127
  13. Chapter 7. Transfer effects in the acquisition of double object constructions in English as an L3 143
  14. Chapter 8. L3 morphosyntactic effects on L1 vs. L2 systems 173
  15. Chapter 9. (When) do L3 English learners transfer from L2 German? 195
  16. Chapter 10. Transfer from an L2 in third language learning 223
  17. Part III. Implications for instructed L3 acquisition
  18. Chapter 11. Input Processing and Processing Instruction 253
  19. Chapter 12. From theory to practice in multilingualism 277
  20. Chapter 13. Input-Practice-Output 299
  21. About the contributors 321
  22. Index 325
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