Biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate as a polyol for elastomeric polyurethanes
-
Lucy Vojtová
,
Vojtěch Kupka
Abstract
In the proposed work, new elastomeric bio-polyol based polyurethanes (bio-PUs) with specific mechanical properties were prepared by a one-shot process without the presence of a solvent. Commercial non-degradable polyether polyol derived from petrochemical feed stock was partly (in the amount of 1 mass %, 5 mass %, and 10 mass %) substituted by the biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). Morphology of elastomeric PU composites was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties of the prepared samples were obtained by both tensile measurements and prediction via the Mooney-Rivlin equation. Electron microscopy proved that the prepared materials have the character of a particle filled composite material, where PHB particles are regular with their size of about 1–2 μm in diameter. Tensile measurements demonstrated that the Young’s modulus, tensile stress at break, and tensile strain at break of each sample increase with the increase of the volume fraction of the filler. From the measured stress-strain data, the first and the second term of the Mooney-Rivlin equation were calculated. The obtained constants were applied to recalculate the stress-strain curves. It was found that the Mooney-Rivlin equation corresponds well with the stress-strain behavior of the prepared specimens.
[1] Arruda, E. M., & Boyce, M. C. (1993). A three-dimensional constitutive model for the large stretch behavior of rubber elastic materials. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 41, 389–412. DOI: 10.1016/0022-5096(93)90013-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(93)90013-610.1016/0022-5096(93)90013-6Search in Google Scholar
[2] Boggs, F. W. (1954). U.S. Patent No. 2,908,657. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Search in Google Scholar
[3] David, J., Vojtova, L., Bednařik, K., Kučerik, J., Vavrova, M., & Jančař, J. (2009). Development of novel environmentally friendly polyurethane foams. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 8, 381–385. DOI: 10.1007/s10311-009-0236-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-009-0236-810.1007/s10311-009-0236-8Search in Google Scholar
[4] Dosmann, L. P., & Steel, R. N. (1957). U.S. Patent No. 3,004,934. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Search in Google Scholar
[5] Ge, J. J., Zhong, W., Guo, Z. R., Li, W. J., & Sakai, K. (2000). Biodegradable polyurethane materials from bark and starch. I. Highly resilient foams. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 77, 2575–2580. DOI: 10.1002/1097-4628(20000919)77:12〈2575::AID-APP30〉3.0.CO;2-L. Search in Google Scholar
[6] Fernandez d’Arlas, B., Rueda, L., Stefani, P. M., de la Caba, K., Mondragon, I., & Eceiza, A. (2007). Kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the formation of a polyurethane based on 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and poly(carbonate-co-ester) diol. Thermochimica Acta, 459, 94–103. DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2007.03.021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2007.03.02110.1016/j.tca.2007.03.021Search in Google Scholar
[7] Flickinger, M. C., & Drew, S. W. (1999). Encyclopedia of bioprocess technology: Fermentation, biocatalysis, and bioseparation (Vol. 1–5, pp. 2024–2048). New York, NY, USA: Wiley. Search in Google Scholar
[8] Glasser, W. G., Saraf, V. P., & Rials, T. C. (1982). Some aspects of the structure-property relationship of lignin-based polyols and polyurethanes. In Proceedings of the 184th ACS National Meeting, September 12–17, 1982 (Petroleum preprints, Vol. 27(4), pp. 1015). Kansas City, MO, USA: American Chemical Society. Search in Google Scholar
[9] Hostettler, F. (1978). U.S. Patent No. 4,197,372. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Search in Google Scholar
[10] ISO (1996). Determination of tensile properties of plastics. Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics. ISO 527-2/5A/50. Geneva, Switzerland. Search in Google Scholar
[11] Kloczkowski, A., Mark, J. E., & Erman, B. (1995). A diffused-constraint theory for the elasticity of amorphous polymer networks. 1. Fundamentals and stress-strain isotherms in elongation. Macromolecules, 28, 5089–5096. DOI: 10.1021/ma00118a043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00118a04310.1021/ma00118a043Search in Google Scholar
[12] Koller, I., & Owen, A. J. (1996). Starch-filled PHB and PHB/HV copolymer. Polymer International, 39, 175–181. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(199603)39:3〈175::AIDPI472〉3.0.CO;2-0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(199603)39:3<175::AID-PI472>3.0.CO;2-010.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(199603)39:3<175::AID-PI472>3.0.CO;2-0Search in Google Scholar
[13] Kupka, V. (2009). Modification of polyurethane by biodegradable poly(hydroxybutyrate). Bc. Thesis, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic. Search in Google Scholar
[14] Márová, I., Obruča, S., Ondruška, V., Hlobilová, L., & Vojtová, L. (2007). Use of several microorganisms to biodegradation of modified polyurethane foams — a screening study. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Natural Science, November 7–9, 2007 (pp. 112–116). Trnava, Slovakia. Search in Google Scholar
[15] Obruca, S., Marova, I., Stankova, M., Mravcova, L., & Svoboda, Z. (2010). Effect of ethanol and hydrogen peroxide on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) biosynthetic pathway in Cupriavidus necator H16. World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology, 26, 1261–1267. DOI: 10.1007/s11274-009-0296-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-009-0296-810.1007/s11274-009-0296-8Search in Google Scholar
[16] Obruca, S., Marova, I., & Vojtova, L. (2011). Biodegradation of polyether-polyol-based polyurethane elastomeric films: influence of partial replacement of polyether polyol by biopolymers of renewable origin. Environmental Technology, 32, 1043–1052. DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2010.523903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2010.52390310.1080/09593330.2010.523903Search in Google Scholar
[17] Oertel, G. (1993). Polyuretane handbook (2nd ed.). Munich, Germany: Hanser Publishers. Search in Google Scholar
[18] Sperling, L. H. (2001). Introduction to physical polymer science (3rd ed., pp. 671). New York, NY, USA: Wiley-Interscience. Search in Google Scholar
[19] Vojtová, L., Novotný, M., Obruča, S., Piechová, J., Márová, I., & Jančář, J. (2008). Polysaccharides modified elastomeric polyurethane. Chemicke Listy, 102, s1279–s1281. Search in Google Scholar
[20] Vojtová, L., Vávrová, M., Bednařik, K., Šucman, E., David, J., & Jančář, J. (2007). Preparation and ecotoxicity assessment of new biodegradable polyurethane foams. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering, 42, 677–683. DOI: 10.1080/10934520701244482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1093452070124448210.1080/10934520701244482Search in Google Scholar
© 2012 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences
Articles in the same Issue
- 5th Meeting on Chemistry & Life 2011
- Induction of Cryptococcus laurentii α-galactosidase
- Incorporation of β-(1,6)-linked glucooligosaccharides (pustulooligosaccharides) into plant cell wall structures
- Metal-metabolomics of microalga Chlorella sorokiniana growing in selenium- and iodine-enriched media
- Metabolomic approach to Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis based on mass spectrometry
- Seasonal changes of Rubisco content and activity in Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies affected by elevated CO2 concentration
- Identification and determination of relatedness of lactobacilli using different DNA amplification methods
- Production of Geotrichum candidum polygalacturonases via solid state fermentation on grape pomace
- Monitoring of yeast population isolated during spontaneous fermentation of Moravian wine
- Biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate as a polyol for elastomeric polyurethanes
- Conformational changes in humic acids in aqueous solutions
- Preparation and properties of cementitious composites for geothermal applications
Articles in the same Issue
- 5th Meeting on Chemistry & Life 2011
- Induction of Cryptococcus laurentii α-galactosidase
- Incorporation of β-(1,6)-linked glucooligosaccharides (pustulooligosaccharides) into plant cell wall structures
- Metal-metabolomics of microalga Chlorella sorokiniana growing in selenium- and iodine-enriched media
- Metabolomic approach to Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis based on mass spectrometry
- Seasonal changes of Rubisco content and activity in Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies affected by elevated CO2 concentration
- Identification and determination of relatedness of lactobacilli using different DNA amplification methods
- Production of Geotrichum candidum polygalacturonases via solid state fermentation on grape pomace
- Monitoring of yeast population isolated during spontaneous fermentation of Moravian wine
- Biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate as a polyol for elastomeric polyurethanes
- Conformational changes in humic acids in aqueous solutions
- Preparation and properties of cementitious composites for geothermal applications
