Catheter-associated urinary tract infection: an overview
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Rajesh Venkataraman
and
Umesh Yadav
Abstract
CAUTIs (catheter-associated urinary tract infections) continue to be one of the most common health-care-related illnesses in the entire globe. CAUTIs are the cause of 40% of all hospital-acquired infections and 80% of all nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs). A urine catheter is implanted into a high percentage of inpatients at some point during their hospitalization, and indwelling urinary catheter adoption likely to be on the rise. Urinary catheters, made of plastic materials, inhibit the urinary tract’s natural defence mechanisms and enhance the bacterial colonization or biofilm formation on the catheter surface, which may cause CAUTIs. It is associated with increased burden of disease, mortality, hospital bills and length of hospital stay. Therefore, to prevent these infections, technological innovations in catheter materials that limit biofilm formation will be required. Unfortunately, many health-care practitioners are unclear of the precise indications for bladder catheterization and accurate CAUTI criteria, which can lead to unnecessary catheterization, antibiotic overuse for asymptomatic bacteriuria and the spread of resistant organisms. As a result, we discuss CAUTIs in general, including definitions, pathophysiology, causation, indications for catheterization and a variety of effective CAUTI-fighting strategies.
Acknowledgments
We would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Ravi Kurikempannadoddi Shivalingegowda, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B. G. Nagara, India, and Dr. Yogendra Shrestha, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B G Nagara, India, for their supervision, reviewing and sharing their pearls of wisdom with us during the course of preparation of this review article.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Author contributions: RV & RKS = Supervision, Visualization, Reviewing and editing. UY & YS = Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing original draft.
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Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
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Informed consent: Not applicable.
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Ethical approval: Not applicable.
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© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Peyronie’s disease: where are we at?
- Reviews
- Catheter-associated urinary tract infection: an overview
- Liver and heart failure: an ultrasound relationship
- Original Articles
- The intracellular fluid compartment is smaller than commonly believed when measured by whole-body bioimpedance
- Prevalence and distribution of causes of infertility according to women’s age – a cross-sectional study in a tertiary healthcare hospital setup
- Supplementation of antihypertensive drug regimen with vitamin E ameliorates alterations of primary haemodynamic parameters and total antioxidant capacity in ovariectomised rats
- Analgesic effect of curcumin topical formulation in knee osteoarthritis patients: a clinical trial
- ProACT in the management of stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. What happens after 8 years of follow up? monocentric analysis in 42 patients
- The effect of metformin on the metabolism of human vascular smooth muscle cells in high glucose conditions
- Physiological response of endurance exercise as a growth hormone mediator in adolescent women’s
- Effect of Om chanting and Yoga Nidra on depression anxiety stress, sleep quality and autonomic functions of hypertensive subjects – a randomized controlled trial
- Effectiveness of electrical vestibular nerve stimulation as adjunctive therapy to improve the cognitive functions in patients with Parkinson’s disease
- Role of interleukin-22 in tuberculosis patients
- Effect of aspirin on the TNF-α-mediated cell survival and death pathways in breast cancer
- Resting heart rate variability as a diagnostic marker of cardiovascular dysautonomia in postural tachycardia syndrome
- Effects of intensity and training on cardiovascular responses to the Valsalva maneouvre
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Peyronie’s disease: where are we at?
- Reviews
- Catheter-associated urinary tract infection: an overview
- Liver and heart failure: an ultrasound relationship
- Original Articles
- The intracellular fluid compartment is smaller than commonly believed when measured by whole-body bioimpedance
- Prevalence and distribution of causes of infertility according to women’s age – a cross-sectional study in a tertiary healthcare hospital setup
- Supplementation of antihypertensive drug regimen with vitamin E ameliorates alterations of primary haemodynamic parameters and total antioxidant capacity in ovariectomised rats
- Analgesic effect of curcumin topical formulation in knee osteoarthritis patients: a clinical trial
- ProACT in the management of stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. What happens after 8 years of follow up? monocentric analysis in 42 patients
- The effect of metformin on the metabolism of human vascular smooth muscle cells in high glucose conditions
- Physiological response of endurance exercise as a growth hormone mediator in adolescent women’s
- Effect of Om chanting and Yoga Nidra on depression anxiety stress, sleep quality and autonomic functions of hypertensive subjects – a randomized controlled trial
- Effectiveness of electrical vestibular nerve stimulation as adjunctive therapy to improve the cognitive functions in patients with Parkinson’s disease
- Role of interleukin-22 in tuberculosis patients
- Effect of aspirin on the TNF-α-mediated cell survival and death pathways in breast cancer
- Resting heart rate variability as a diagnostic marker of cardiovascular dysautonomia in postural tachycardia syndrome
- Effects of intensity and training on cardiovascular responses to the Valsalva maneouvre
