Type II metacaspase protein localization and gene transcription during programmed cell semi-death of sieve elements in developing caryopsis of Tritium aestivum
Abstract
Metacaspases are cysteine-dependent proteases essential in plant PCD. This study focused on PCD features, the metacaspase II protein (TaeMCAII) and its gene expression and dynamic distribution during the developmental process of wheat sieve elements (SEs). Our results showed that the SEs experienced enucleation, inclusion loss, cell wall thickening and decreased cytosol density during their development. The RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization showed that the transcriptional levels of TaeMCAII in the development of SEs increased to high levels 3 days after flowering (DAF), then decreased, but then sharply increased at 7 DAF. Immunohistochemical observations revealed dynamic changes of TaeMCAII at the protein level. TaeMCAII was primarily detected at 3 DAF, 4 DAF and 7 DAF, which indicated that TaeMCAII played an important role during these stages. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that TaeMCAII was first localized in the nucleus, then in the cell cytoplasm, and finally on the cell membranes and cell walls of late-stage SEs. Our study found that TaeMCAII was key in the PCD-like process of the development of SEs.
Acknowledgements
Our deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to the National Nature Science Foundation of China (31171469; 31471428). Moreover, our sincere thanks to Q.T. Xu, M. Y, C.Y. Li, Y.H. Qi.
References
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© 2017 Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences
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Articles in the same Issue
- Celluar and Molecular Biology
- Occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in three sympatric tick species in the South Moravia, Czech Republic
- Botany
- Germination strategies of two dominant Carex species in a swamp alder forest: implications for restoration
- Botany
- Role of ethylene and phospholipid-mediated signalling in mycotoxin-induced programmed cell death in the apical part of maize roots
- Botany
- Transcriptome analysis in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa) under high manganese stress
- Botany
- Type II metacaspase protein localization and gene transcription during programmed cell semi-death of sieve elements in developing caryopsis of Tritium aestivum
- Zoology
- Environmental factors determining the distribution pattern of leeches (Clitellata: Hirudinida) in large river systems: A case study of the Oder River system
- Zoology
- Effects of beaver dams on the zooplankton assemblages in four temperate lowland streams (NW Poland)
- Zoology
- Bioassessment of streams based on macroinvertebrates — can sampling of some substrate types be excluded?
- Zoology
- Communities of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of naturally regenerating and salvage-logged montane spruce forests of Šumava Mountains
- Zoology
- Food digestibility and consumption rate in detrito-bryophagous groundhopper Tetrix subulata (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae)
- Zoology
- Dietary alpha-ketoglutarate partially prevents age-related decline in locomotor activity and cold tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster
- Zoology
- The evaluation of endocrine regulators after intramuscular and oral application of cyanogenic glycoside amygdalin in rabbits