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Novel Cationic Gemini Surfactants and Methods for Determination of Their Antimicrobial Activity – Review

  • Shilpa Tyagi und Vinod Kumar Tyagi
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 25. September 2014
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
Aus der Zeitschrift Tenside Surfactants Detergents Band 51 Heft 5

Abstract

Newly series of Gemini surfactants have emerged which are composed of two hydrophobic tails and two cationic head groups linked by spacer group. Today, these cationic Gemini surfactants are attracting attention of the researchers as these surfactants are more efficient in lowering surface tension as the conventional ones. Cationic Gemini surfactants have lower critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and higher surface tension reduction as compared to those of corresponding monoalkyl ammonium salts. They have wide industrial and household applications. They can be used as emulsifiers, dispersing and anti-foaming agents etc. Cationic Gemini surfactants show good antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Antimicrobial activity has also been studied against fungi and yeast species. These cationic Gemini surfactants can be used as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral agents. This review paper deals with synthesis, antimicrobial activity, methods for determining antimicrobial activity (MIC means minimum inhibitory concentration) and applications of cationic Gemini surfactants.

Kurzfassung

Gemini-Tenside bestehend aus zwei hydrophoben Ketten, die über Abstandshalter mit zwei kationischen Köpfen verbunden sind, tauchten seit neuem auf. Heutzutage ziehen kationische Gemini-Tenside die Aufmerksamkeit der Forscher an sich, weil diese die Oberflächenspannung effizienter herabsetzen als die konventionellen Tenside. Die kationischen Gemini-Tenside besitzen niedrigere kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentrationen (CMC) und ihre Fähigkeit, die Oberflächenspannung zu reduzieren ist größer als die der entsprechenden korrespondierenden Monoalkylammoniumsalze. Sie haben ein breites Anwendungsspektrum in Produkten der Industrie und für den Haushalt. Sie können eingesetzt werden als Emulgatoren, Dispergatoren und Entschäumer etc. Kationische Gemini-Tenside sind gut antimikrobiell wirksam gegenüber gram-positive und gram-negative Bakterien. Die antimikrobielle Wirkung gegenüber Pilzen und Hefen wurde ebenfalls untersucht. Dieser Übersichtsartikel behandelt die Synthese, die antimikrobielle Wirksamkeit, Methoden zur Bestimmung der antimikrobiellen Wirkung (MIC bedeutet minimale Konzentration der Inhibierung) und die Anwendungen von kationischen Gemini-Tensiden.

Key words: Gemini surfactants; critical micelle concentration (CMC); surface tension; antimicrobial activity; gram-positive bacteria; gram-negative bacteria; yeast; fungi; minimum inhibitory concentration
Stichwörter: Gemini-Tenside; kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentrationen (CMC); Oberflächenspannung; antimikrobiellen Wirksamkeit; gram-positive Bakterien; gram-negative Bakterien; Pilze; Hefe; minimale Konzentration der Inhibierung
* Correspondence address Prof. Dr. V. K. Tyagi, Department of Oil and Paint Technology, Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, Kanpur 208002 India. Tel.: +91-9721456064, Fax: +91-512-2533812, E-Mail:

Vinod Kumar Tyagi was born in 1959 in India. He did his B. Tech, M. Tech & Ph.D in Chemical Technology (Oil Technology) in 1984, 1986, and 1992, respectively from Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, Kanpur, India. He joined as a faculty in the Department of Oil and Paint Technology in 1988 at Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, Kanpur, India. Currently, he is working as a Professor in the same department. He is having 25 years of experience of teaching under graduate and post graduate student of oil technology. He has supervised more than 26 candidates for masters and doctoral thesis. He has published 45 papers in referred national and international journals and has presented 25 papers in national and international conference in India and abroad and his area of interest are novel surfactants, surfactants & detergents and oleo chemicals. He has published books entitled “Esteramide quaternaries derived from piperazine and fatty acids” (ISBN 978-3-8433-9374-4) in March, 2011 and “Imidazoline Surfactants” (ISBN 978-3-8465-4868-4) in December, 2011.

Shilpa Tyagi was born in India in 1988. She did her B. Tech in biotechnology from Sardar Vallabhai Patel University of Agriculture And Technology in 2011 and currently pursuing M. Tech Chemical Technology with specialisation in oil technology from Harcourt butler technological institute, Kanpur, India and her area of interest is novel surfactants.

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Received: 2013-09-10
Revised: 2014-01-09
Published Online: 2014-09-25
Published in Print: 2014-09-15

© 2014, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Special Theme: Green Surfactants – Synthesis, Properties, Performance and Application
  6. Novel Cationic Gemini Surfactants and Methods for Determination of Their Antimicrobial Activity – Review
  7. Sophorolipids Synthesized Using Non-Traditional Oils with Glycerol and Studies on Their Surfactant Properties with Synthetic Surfactant
  8. Rhamnolipids Production by a Pseudomonas eruginosa LBI Mutant: Solutions and Homologs Characterization
  9. Application of Biosurfactant Surfactin on Copper Ion Removal from Sand Surfaces with Continuous Flushing Technique
  10. Synthesis and Properties of a Series of CO2 Switchable Gemini Imidazolium Surfactants
  11. Phase Behavior and Solubilization of Microemulsion Systems Containing Imidazolium Type Surfactant CnmimBr and Butyric Acid as Cosurfactant
  12. Synthesis and Solution Properties of New Polysiloxane Bola Surfactants Containing Carbohydrate
  13. Syntheses and Properties of Novel Ionic Twin-tail Trisiloxane Surfactants
  14. Micellar Encapsulation of Some Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Glucose Derived Non-Ionic Gemini Surfactants in Aqueous Medium
  15. Environmental Chemistry
  16. Removal of Non-Ionic Surfactants in an Activated Sludge Sewage Treatment Plant
  17. Cleaning Technology
  18. Impact of Artificial UV-Light on Optical and Protective Effects of Cotton After Washing with Detergent Containing Fluorescent Compounds
  19. Simulating Consumer-Like Air Drying of Dishes via Thermal Drying Process
https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110319
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Gemini surfactants; critical micelle concentration (CMC); surface tension; antimicrobial activity; gram-positive bacteria; gram-negative bacteria; yeast; fungi; minimum inhibitory concentration

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Special Theme: Green Surfactants – Synthesis, Properties, Performance and Application
  6. Novel Cationic Gemini Surfactants and Methods for Determination of Their Antimicrobial Activity – Review
  7. Sophorolipids Synthesized Using Non-Traditional Oils with Glycerol and Studies on Their Surfactant Properties with Synthetic Surfactant
  8. Rhamnolipids Production by a Pseudomonas eruginosa LBI Mutant: Solutions and Homologs Characterization
  9. Application of Biosurfactant Surfactin on Copper Ion Removal from Sand Surfaces with Continuous Flushing Technique
  10. Synthesis and Properties of a Series of CO2 Switchable Gemini Imidazolium Surfactants
  11. Phase Behavior and Solubilization of Microemulsion Systems Containing Imidazolium Type Surfactant CnmimBr and Butyric Acid as Cosurfactant
  12. Synthesis and Solution Properties of New Polysiloxane Bola Surfactants Containing Carbohydrate
  13. Syntheses and Properties of Novel Ionic Twin-tail Trisiloxane Surfactants
  14. Micellar Encapsulation of Some Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Glucose Derived Non-Ionic Gemini Surfactants in Aqueous Medium
  15. Environmental Chemistry
  16. Removal of Non-Ionic Surfactants in an Activated Sludge Sewage Treatment Plant
  17. Cleaning Technology
  18. Impact of Artificial UV-Light on Optical and Protective Effects of Cotton After Washing with Detergent Containing Fluorescent Compounds
  19. Simulating Consumer-Like Air Drying of Dishes via Thermal Drying Process
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