Determination of sulphur species in solidified cryolite melts
-
Marta Ambrová
,
Jana Jurišová
Abstract
Solidified cryolite melts containing a known amount of Na2SO4 (0–713 mg kg−1 SO42−), Na2S, FeS, and CdS (0–400 mg kg−1 S2−) together with industrial electrolyte samples were tested for the content of sulphate and sulphide ions by ion chromatography. Added and analytically determined contents of sulphate and sulphide were compared and processed by means of linear regression analysis. It was found that the method of ion chromatography yields satisfying results (uncertainty below 1.1 %) and that it is especially suitable for the determination of low content of soluble sulphate or sulphide in solidified cryolite electrolytes. The method can be used for the estimation of insoluble sulphide content in cryolite melts as well. Results of industrial samples analysis showed that the content of sulphate and sulphide in the samples is influenced by their treatment before the analysis.
[1] Ambrova, M. (2006). Reaction of sulphur species at the electrowinning of aluminium. Ph.D. Thesis, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia. Suche in Google Scholar
[2] Ambrova, M., Danielik, V., Fellner, P., & Thonstad, J. (2006). The cathode process in sodium chloride melts containing sulphate. Electrochimica Acta, 51, 5825–5828. DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2006.03.018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2006.03.01810.1016/j.electacta.2006.03.018Suche in Google Scholar
[3] Ambrova, M., Fellner, P., Gabčová, J., & Sýkorová, A. (2005). Chemical reactions of sulphur species in cryolite-based melts. Chemical Papers, 59, 235–239. Suche in Google Scholar
[4] Ambrová, M., Fellner, P., & Thonstad, J. (2010). Anodic reactions of sulphate in molten salts. Chemical Papers, 64, 8–14. DOI: 10.2478/s11696-009-0099-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11696-009-0099-210.2478/s11696-009-0099-2Suche in Google Scholar
[5] Danielik, V., Fellner, P., Sýkorová, A., & Thonstad, J. (2010). Solubility of aluminium in cryolite-based melts. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 41, 430–436. DOI: 10.1007/s11663-009-9329-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9329-910.1007/s11663-009-9329-9Suche in Google Scholar
[6] Ebbing, D. D. (1987). Solubility and complex-ion equilibria. In M. S. Wrighton (Ed.), General chemistry (2nd ed., Chapter 19, pp. 646–676). Boston, MA, USA: Houghton Miffin Company. Suche in Google Scholar
[7] Fellner, P., Jurišová, J., Khandl, V., Sýkorová, A., & Thonstad, J. (2006). Adsorption of SO2 on alumina. Chemical Papers, 60, 311–314. DOI: 10.2478/s11696-006-0055-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11696-006-0055-310.2478/s11696-006-0055-3Suche in Google Scholar
[8] Fellner, P., Korenko, M., Ambrová, M., Danielik, V., & Thonstad, J. (2004). Reactions of sulphides in molten cryolite. Thermochimica Acta, 410, 87–91. DOI: 10.1016/s0040-6031(03)00375-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00375-710.1016/S0040-6031(03)00375-7Suche in Google Scholar
[9] Fritz, J. S., & Gjerde, D. T. (2000). Ion chromatography (3rd ed.). Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/978352761324310.1002/9783527613243Suche in Google Scholar
[10] Grjotheim, K., Krohn, C., Malinovský, M., Matiašovský, K., & Thonstad, J. (1982). Some effects of electrolyte impurities. In Aluminium electrolysis: Fundamentals of the Hall-Héroult process (2nd ed., Chapter 10.1., pp. 362–382). Düsseldorf, Germany: Aluminium Verlag. Suche in Google Scholar
[11] Hay, S. J. (2002). The formation and fate of carbonyl sulfide (COS) gas in aluminium smelting. Ph.D. thesis, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Suche in Google Scholar
[12] Hyland, M. M., Welch, B. J., & Metson, J. B. (2000). Changing knowledge and practices towards minimising fluoride and sulphur emissions from aluminium reduction cells. In R. D. Petersen (Ed.), Light Metals 2000 (pp. 333–338). Warrendale, PA, USA: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society. Suche in Google Scholar
[13] LaCamera A. F., Ray, S. P., Liu, X. H., Kozarek, R. L., & Roddy, J. L. (2004). WO 2004/013380. Geneva, Switzerland. World Intellectual Property Organization. Suche in Google Scholar
[14] Lamb, W. D. (1979). SO2 in aluminium reduction-cell dry scrubbing systems. Journal of Metals, 31(10), 32–37. Suche in Google Scholar
[15] Ryss, I. G. (1956). Chemistry of fluorine and its inorganic compounds (Chapter 14, pp. 532). Moscow, Russia: Gosudarstvennoe nauchno-tekhnicheskoe izdavatelstvo khimicheskoi literatury. (in Russian) Suche in Google Scholar
[16] Siriwardena, A. (1989). Determination of inorganic sulphur in aqueous solutions. An application for cyanide extracts of gold ore and plating solutions. Fresenius Zeitschrift für Analytische Chemie, 335, 395–397. DOI: 10.1007/bf00482107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF0048210710.1007/BF00482107Suche in Google Scholar
[17] Thonstad, J., Fellner, P., Haarberg, G. M., Híveš, J., Kvande, H., & Sterten, Å. (2001). Some effects of electrolyte impurities. In K. Grjotheim, & M. Krohn (Eds.), Aluminium electrolysis: Fundamentals of the Hall-Héroult process (3rd ed., Chapter 10.1., pp. 272–273). Düsseldorf, Germany: Aluminium Verlag. Suche in Google Scholar
[18] Tveito, K., Tonheim, J., Paulsen, K. A., & Thonstad, J. (2001). Carbonyl sulphide (COS) emissions from prebake aluminium cells. In Greenhouse Gases in the Metallurgical Industries: Policies, Abatement and Treatment, Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of Metallurgists of CIM, COM 2001, August 26–29, 2001 (pp. 291–301). Toronto, Canada: Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum. Suche in Google Scholar
© 2012 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Determination of sulphur species in solidified cryolite melts
- Separation of alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons on a PLOT column coated with 3-benzylketoiminepropyl group
- Analysis and improvement of stability of pepsin-solubilized collagen from skin of carp (Cyprinus carpio)
- Effects of elicitors on the enhancement of asiaticoside biosynthesis in cell cultures of centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban)
- Increase of biogas production from pretreated hay and leaves using wood-rotting fungi
- Neural network model predictive control of a styrene polymerization plant: online testing using an electronic worksheet
- Influence of purine on copper behavior in neutral and alkaline sulfate solutions
- A parametric study on coal gasification for the production of syngas
- Tungstate sulfuric acid: preparation, characterization, and application in catalytic synthesis of novel benzimidazoles
- Synthesis of conjugated (E,E)-1,3-diene-containing troponoid-based compounds
- Reaction of aniline with ammonium persulphate and concentrated hydrochloric acid: Experimental and DFT studies
- Erratum to: “Zakaria Salmi, Sarra Gam-Derouich, Samia Mahouche-Chergui, Mireille Turmine, Mohamed M. Chehimi: On the interfacial chemistry of aryl diazonium compounds in polymer science”
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Determination of sulphur species in solidified cryolite melts
- Separation of alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons on a PLOT column coated with 3-benzylketoiminepropyl group
- Analysis and improvement of stability of pepsin-solubilized collagen from skin of carp (Cyprinus carpio)
- Effects of elicitors on the enhancement of asiaticoside biosynthesis in cell cultures of centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban)
- Increase of biogas production from pretreated hay and leaves using wood-rotting fungi
- Neural network model predictive control of a styrene polymerization plant: online testing using an electronic worksheet
- Influence of purine on copper behavior in neutral and alkaline sulfate solutions
- A parametric study on coal gasification for the production of syngas
- Tungstate sulfuric acid: preparation, characterization, and application in catalytic synthesis of novel benzimidazoles
- Synthesis of conjugated (E,E)-1,3-diene-containing troponoid-based compounds
- Reaction of aniline with ammonium persulphate and concentrated hydrochloric acid: Experimental and DFT studies
- Erratum to: “Zakaria Salmi, Sarra Gam-Derouich, Samia Mahouche-Chergui, Mireille Turmine, Mohamed M. Chehimi: On the interfacial chemistry of aryl diazonium compounds in polymer science”
