Events and Modes
-
Michele Paolini Paoletti
Abstract
I shall refine in this article Jaegwon Kim’s theory of events by appealing to modes, i.e., particular properties that also depend on their ‘bearers’ for their identity. Events will turn out to be occurrent modes, i.e., relational modes having further modes and times as their relata. In Section 1 I shall briefly present Kim’s theory and some difficulties that affect it. In Section 2, after having made some preliminary assumptions on modes and universals, I shall introduce occurrent modes. In Section 3 I shall show how my theory can deal with the difficulties discussed in Section 1.
Funding source: Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca
Award Identifier / Grant number: PRIN-2017 Project “The Manifest Image and the Scientific Image” (prot. n. 2017ZNWW7F)
Acknowledgments
I am grateful to Francesco Orilia for his helpful comments.
-
Research funding: This work was supported by the Ministero dell’Istruzione dell’Università e della Ricerca (PRIN-2017 Project “The Manifest Image and the Scientific Image” [prot. n. 2017ZNWW7F]).
References
Beardsley, M. 1975. “Action and Events: The Problem of Individuation.” American Philosophical Quarterly 12: 263–76.Suche in Google Scholar
Bennett, J. 1988. Events and Their Names. Oxford: Clarendon.Suche in Google Scholar
Betti, A. 2015. Against Facts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.10.7551/mitpress/9780262029216.001.0001Suche in Google Scholar
Borghini, A., and A. C. Varzi. 2006. “Event Location and Vagueness.” Philosophical Studies 128: 313–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-004-7807-0.Suche in Google Scholar
Bradie, M. 1984. “Recent Work on Criteria for Event Identity, 1967–1979.” Philosophy Research Archives 9: 29–77. https://doi.org/10.5840/pra1983917.Suche in Google Scholar
Brand, M. 1977. “Identity Conditions for Events.” American Philosophical Quarterly 14: 329–37.Suche in Google Scholar
Campbell, K. 1981. “The Metaphysics of Abstract Particulars.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy 6: 477–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4975.1981.tb00453.x.Suche in Google Scholar
Casati, R., and A. C. Varzi. 2020. “Events.” In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by E. N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/events/ (accessed August 18, 2021).Suche in Google Scholar
Chisholm, R. 1970. “Events and Propositions.” Noûs 4: 15–24. https://doi.org/10.2307/2214288.Suche in Google Scholar
Cleland, C. 1991. “On the Individuation of Events.” Synthese 86: 229–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00485810.Suche in Google Scholar
Davidson, D. 1980. Essays on Actions and Events. Oxford: Clarendon.Suche in Google Scholar
Dretske, F. I. 1977. “Referring to Events.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy 2: 90–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4975.1977.tb00030.x.Suche in Google Scholar
Gill, M. L. 1993. “On the Metaphysical Distinction between Processes and Events.” Canadian Journal of Philosophy 23: 365–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1993.10717326.Suche in Google Scholar
Gjelsvik, O. 1988. “A Note on Objects and Events.” Analysis 48: 15–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/48.1.15.Suche in Google Scholar
Goldman, A. 1970. A Theory of Human Action. Englewood, Cliffs (NJ): Prentice-Hall.Suche in Google Scholar
Gozzano, S. 2015. “Kim on Events.” Metaphysica 16: 195–210. https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0014.Suche in Google Scholar
Heil, J. 2003. From an Ontological Point of View. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/0199259747.001.0001Suche in Google Scholar
Heil, J. 2012. The Universe as We Find It. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199596201.001.0001Suche in Google Scholar
Hendrickson, N. 2006. “Towards A More Plausible Exemplification Theory of Events.” Philosophical Studies 129: 349–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-004-1647-9.Suche in Google Scholar
Jones, T. 2013. “The Constitution of Events.” The Monist 96: 73–86. https://doi.org/10.5840/monist20139614.Suche in Google Scholar
Katz, B. D. 1978. “Kim on Events.” The Philosophical Review 87: 427–41. https://doi.org/10.2307/2184905.Suche in Google Scholar
Kim, J. 1966. “On the Psycho-Physical Identity Theory.” American Philosophical Quarterly 3: 277–85.Suche in Google Scholar
Kim, J. 1976. “Events as Property Exemplifications.” In Action Theory, edited by M. Brand, and D. Walton, 159–77. Dordrecht: Reidel.10.1007/978-94-010-9074-2_9Suche in Google Scholar
Lewis, D. K. 1986. “Events.” In His Philosophical Papers, vol. II. New York: Oxford University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Lombard, B. 1986. Events. A Metaphysical Study. London: Routledge.Suche in Google Scholar
Lowe, E. J. 2005. The Four-Category Ontology. A Metaphysical Foundation for Natural Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/0199254397.003.0002Suche in Google Scholar
MacDonald, C. 1986. “Constitutive Properties, Essences, and Events.” Philosophia 16: 29–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02381050.Suche in Google Scholar
Martin, R. M. 1969. “On Events and Event-Descriptions.” In Fact and Existence, edited by J. Margolis, 63–109. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.10.3138/9781487582777-004Suche in Google Scholar
Maurin, A. S. 2018 “Tropes.” In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by E. N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/tropes/ (accessed August 18, 2021).Suche in Google Scholar
Meinertsen, B. R. 2000. “Events, Facts and Causation.” Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities 76: 145–81.10.1163/9789004457812_007Suche in Google Scholar
Mertz, D. W. 1996. Moderate Realism and Its Logic. New Haven, London: Yale University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Moltmann, F. 2013. Abstract Objects and the Semantics of Natural Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199608744.001.0001Suche in Google Scholar
Montague, R. 1969. “On the Nature of Certain Philosophical Entities.” The Monist 53: 159–94. https://doi.org/10.5840/monist19695327.Suche in Google Scholar
Mourelatos, A. 1978. “Events, Processes and States.” Linguistics and Philosophy 2: 415–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00149015.Suche in Google Scholar
Orilia, F. 2008. “Basic Ontology, Multiple Realizability and Mental Causation.” In Tropes, Universals and the Philosophy of Mind, edited by F. Orilia, and S. Gozzano, 57–100. Frankfurt: Ontos.10.1515/9783110327113.57Suche in Google Scholar
Paolini Paoletti, M. 2016. “Non-Symmetrical Relations, O-Roles, and Modes.” Acta Analytica 31: 373–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12136-016-0286-z.Suche in Google Scholar
Paolini Paoletti, M. 2018. “Substance Causation.” Philosophia, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11406-018-9991-8 (Epub ahead of print).Suche in Google Scholar
Paolini Paoletti, M. 2019. “Respects of Dependence.” Studia Neoaristotelica 16: 49–82 https://doi.org/10.5840/studneoar20191612 .Suche in Google Scholar
Paolini Paoletti, M. 2020. “Against Conjunctive Properties.” Acta Analytic 35: 421–37 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12136-019-00413-0 .Suche in Google Scholar
Paul, L. A. 2000. “Aspect Causation.” The Journal of Philosophy 97: 235–56. https://doi.org/10.2307/2678392.Suche in Google Scholar
Pianesi, F., and A. C. Varzi. 2000. “Events and Event Talk: An Introduction.” In Speaking of Events, edited by J. Higginbotham, F. Pianesi, and A. C. Varzi, 3–48. New York: Oxford University Press.10.1093/oso/9780195128079.003.0001Suche in Google Scholar
Quine, W. V. O. 1985. “Events and Reification.” In Actions and Events. Perspectives in the Philosophy of Donald Davidson, edited by E. LePore, and B. P. McLaughlin, 162–71. Oxford: Blackwell.Suche in Google Scholar
Rosenberg, A. 1974. “On Kim’s Account of Events and Event-Identity.” The Journal of Philosophy 71: 327–36. https://doi.org/10.2307/2024874.Suche in Google Scholar
Simons, P. 2003. “Events.” In The Oxford Handbook of Metaphysics, edited by M. J. Loux, and D. W. Zimmerman, 357–85. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Steward, H. 2013. “Processes, Continuants and Individuals.” Mind 122: 781–812. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzt080.Suche in Google Scholar
Stout, R. 1997. “Processes.” Philosophy 72: 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031819100056631.Suche in Google Scholar
Tahko, T. E., and E. J. Lowe. 2020. “Ontological Dependence.” In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by E. N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/dependence-ontological/ (accessed August 18, 2021).Suche in Google Scholar
Vance, C. 2016. “The Recycling Problem for Event Individuation.” Erkenntnis 81: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-015-9725-2.Suche in Google Scholar
Varzi, A. C. 2002. “Events, Truth, and Indeterminacy.” The Dialogue 2: 241–64.Suche in Google Scholar
Wilson, J. 2017. “Determinables and Determinates.” In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Online, edited by E. N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/determinate-determinables/ (accessed August 18, 2021).Suche in Google Scholar
© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
