Startseite Medizin Allium cepa fraction attenuates STZ-induced dementia via cholinesterase inhibition and amelioration of oxidative stress in mice
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Allium cepa fraction attenuates STZ-induced dementia via cholinesterase inhibition and amelioration of oxidative stress in mice

  • Ravinder Kaur , Kudrat Randhawa , Sanimardeep Kaur und Richa Shri EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 11. März 2020

Abstract

Background

An earlier study demonstrated significant antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of hydromethanol extract (HME) of Allium cepa. The aim of the study was to investigate the component responsible for these activities followed by an in vivo study.

Methods

In vitro antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of standardized ethylacetate fraction (EAF) of HME were assessed. Bioactivity-guided fractionation showed that, as compared with its subfractions, EAF had most significant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and Ellman assays. Thus, EAF was further examined using a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of Alzheimer’s disease in mice. STZ was injected intracerebroventricularly on days 1 and 3 (3 mg/kg) in mice. EAF was thereafter administered (42, 84, and 168 mg/kg b.w./day p.o.) from days 9 to 22. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate learning and memory in mice. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and oxidative stress markers were assessed in the brain homogenates of mice. Additionally, histopathological studies were performed to observe effects in the brain at the cellular level. EAF was standardized based on quercetin and quercetin 4′-O-glucoside content using a validated thin layer chromatography densitometric method.

Results

STZ produced significant (p < 0.05) memory impairment along with oxidative stress and a cholinergic deficit in mice. EAF treatment ameliorated STZ-induced behavioral deficits and biochemical alterations in mice in a significant and dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions

Our results show that EAF is efficacious in improving memory and learning via AChE inhibition and antioxidant activity in the mice brain. Thus, AC could be explored further to find out a lead candidate for Alzheimer’s disease.

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to University Grants Commission, New Delhi, India, for providing financial assistance to Ravinder Kaur as UGC-BSR Research Fellowship (No. F.4. 25-1/2013-14(BSR)/7-265/2009, Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001501) to carry out this research project. The authors express their profound gratitude to Prof. Nirmal Singh, Head, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, and his PhD scholar Pankaj Sharma for their guidance and assistance in animal studies.

  1. Research funding: UGC-BSR Research fellowship to research scholar.

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.

  4. Ethical approval: The experimental protocol was approved by Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (approval no. 107/GO/ReBi/S/99/CPCSEA/2018-02), and it is in accordance with the guidelines of the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India.

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Received: 2019-07-17
Accepted: 2019-12-19
Published Online: 2020-03-11

© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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