Effect of endogenous sulfur dioxide on spatial learning and memory and hippocampal damages in the experimental model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
-
Elaheh Ghasemi
Abstract
Background
The vascular changes due to cerebrovascular damage, especially on the capillaries, play a vital role in causing vascular dementia. Increasing oxidative stress can lead to tissue damage while reducing brain blood flow. The use of factors reducing the oxidative stress level can decrease the brain damages. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is one of the most important air pollutants that lead to the development of severe brain damage in large quantities. However, studies have recently confirmed the protective effect of SO2 in cardiac ischemic injury, atherosclerosis and pulmonary infections.
Methods
The permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) method was used to induce chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). Two treatment groups of SO2 were studied. The animal cognitive performance was evaluated using the Morris water maze. Hippocampal tissue damage was examined after 2 months of BCAO. In the biochemical analysis, the activity of catalase and lipid peroxidation of the hippocampus was studied.
Results
Neuronal damage in hippocampus, as well as cognitive impairment in ischemia groups treated with SO2 showed a significant improvement. Catalase activity was also significantly increased in the hippocampus of treated groups.
Conclusions
According to the results, SO2 is likely to be effective in reducing the CCH-caused damages by increasing the antioxidant capacity of the hippocampus.
Acknowledgments
The information contained in this article was extracted from a master’s thesis by the author, Elahe Ghasemi, a student of medical physiology. This work was funded by the International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services.
Research funding: This work was supported with funds from the International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved its submission.
Competing interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
Conflict of interests: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval: All animal tests and experimental stages were approved by the Ethics Committee of Yazd University of Medical Science, which is accordance with the US National Institutes of Health Publication guide for the care and use of laboratory animals (IR.SSU.MEDICINE.REC.1396.135).
References
[1] Gorelick PB, Scuteri A, Black SE, DeCarli C, Greenberg SM, Iadecola C, et al. Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2011;42:2672–713.10.1161/STR.0b013e3182299496Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[2] Zhang ZH, Wu LN, Song JG, Li WQ. Correlations between cognitive impairment and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the hippocampus of post-stroke depression rats. Mol Med Rep 2012;6:889–93.10.3892/mmr.2012.1009Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[3] Choy M, Ganesan V, Thomas DL, Thornton JS, Proctor E, King MD, et al. The chronic vascular and haemodynamic response after permanent bilateral common carotid occlusion in newborn and adult rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2006;26:1066–75.10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600259Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[4] Farkas E, Luiten PG, Bari F. Permanent, bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in the rat: a model for chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-related neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Res Rev 2007;54:162–80.10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.01.003Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[5] Liu J, Jin DZ, Xiao L, Zhu XZ. Paeoniflorin attenuates chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced learning dysfunction and brain damage in rats. Brain Res 2006;1089:162–70.10.1016/j.brainres.2006.02.115Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[6] Farkas E, Institóris Á, Domoki F, Mihály A, Luiten PG, Bari F. Diazoxide and dimethyl sulphoxide prevent cerebral hypoperfusion-related learning dysfunction and brain damage after carotid artery occlusion. Brain Res 2004;1008:252–60.10.1016/j.brainres.2004.02.037Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[7] Frodl T, Schaub A, Banac S, Charypar M, Jäger M, Kümmler P, et al. Reduced hippocampal volume correlates with executive dysfunctioning in major depression. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2006;31:316–25.Suche in Google Scholar
[8] Chen H, Yoshioka H, Kim GS, Jung JE, Okami N, Sakata H, et al. Oxidative stress in ischemic brain damage: mechanisms of cell death and potential molecular targets for neuroprotection. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011;14:1505–17.10.1089/ars.2010.3576Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[9] Warner DS, Sheng H, Batinić-Haberle I. Oxidants, antioxidants and the ischemic brain. J Exp Biol 2004;207:3221–31.10.1242/jeb.01022Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[10] Du SX, Jin HF, Bu DF, Zhao X, Geng B, Tang CS, et al. Endogenously generated sulfur dioxide and its vasorelaxant effect in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2008;29:923–30.10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00845.xSuche in Google Scholar PubMed
[11] Arapitsas P, Guella G, Mattivi F. The impact of SO 2 on wine flavanols and indoles in relation to wine style and age. Sci Rep 2018;8:858.10.1038/s41598-018-19185-5Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[12] Jin H, Liu AD, Holmberg L, Zhao M, Chen S, Yang J, et al. The role of sulfur dioxide in the regulation of mitochondrion-related cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats with isopropylarterenol-induced myocardial injury. Int J Mol Sci 2013;14:10465–82.10.3390/ijms140510465Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[13] Huang Y, Tang C, Du J, Jin H. Endogenous sulfur dioxide: a new member of gasotransmitter family in the cardiovascular system. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016;2016:8961951.10.1155/2016/8961951Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[14] Cechetti F, Worm PV, Pereira L, Siqueira IR, Netto CA. The modified 2VO ischemia protocol causes cognitive impairment similar to that induced by the standard method, but with a better survival rate. Braz J Med Biol Res 2010;43:1178–83.10.1590/S0100-879X2010007500124Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[15] Aski ML, Rezvani ME, Khaksari M, Hafizi Z, Pirmoradi Z, Niknazar S, et al. Neuroprotective effect of berberine chloride on cognitive impairment and hippocampal damage in experimental model of vascular dementia. I J B M S 2018;21:53–8.Suche in Google Scholar
[16] Zhou L, Hou Y, Yang Q, Du X, Li M, Yuan M, et al. Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside improves the learning and memory of amyloid-β1–42-injected rats and may be connected to synaptic changes in the hippocampus. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012;90:1446–55.10.1139/y2012-121Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[17] Aliev G, Seyidova D, Neal ML, Shi J, Lamb BT, Siedlak SL, et al. Atherosclerotic lesions and mitochondria DNA deletions in brain microvessels as a central target for the development of human AD and AD-like pathology in aged transgenic mice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002;977:45–64.10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04798.xSuche in Google Scholar PubMed
[18] Meyer B, Schaller C, Frenkel C, Ebeling B, Schramm J. Distributions of local oxygen saturation and its response to changes of mean arterial blood pressure in the cerebral cortex adjacent to arteriovenous malformations. Stroke 1999;30:2623–30.10.1161/01.STR.30.12.2623Suche in Google Scholar
[19] Rajani RM, Williams A. Endothelial cell–oligodendrocyte interactions in small vessel disease and aging. Clin Sci 2017;131:369–79.10.1042/CS20160618Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[20] Liu J, Huang Y, Chen S, Tang C, Jin H, Du J. Role of endogenous sulfur dioxide in regulating vascular structural remodeling in hypertension. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016;2016:452906010.1155/2016/4529060Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[21] Li W, Tang C, Jin H, Du J. Regulatory effects of sulfur dioxide on the development of atherosclerotic lesions and vascular hydrogen sulfide in atherosclerotic rats. Atherosclerosis 2011;215:323–30.10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.12.037Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[22] Jin HF, Wang Y, Wang XB, Sun Y, Tang CS, Du JB. Sulfur dioxide preconditioning increases antioxidative capacity in rat with myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. Nitric Oxide 2013;32:56–61.10.1016/j.niox.2013.04.008Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[23] Chu B, Zhou Y, Zhai H, Li L, Sun L, Li Y. The role of microRNA-146a in regulating the expression of IRAK1 in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018;96:611–7.10.1139/cjpp-2017-0586Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[24] Zare Mehrjerdie F, Shoshtari A, Mohseni F, Khastar H, Norouzi P, Asadi Y, et al. Sulfur dioxide reduces hippocampal cells death and improves learning and memory deficits in rat model of transient global ischemia/reperfusion. I J B M S 2018;21:998–1003.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Reviews
- Dual role of T-type calcium channels in anxiety-related behavior
- The use of Huperzia species for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
- Original Articles
- Modulation of key enzymes linked to Parkinsonism and neurologic disorders by Antiaris africana in rotenone-toxified rats
- Evaluation of an outpatient department (OPD)-based prescribing pattern of fixed-dose combinations in a tertiary care institute in Central India
- Effect of endogenous sulfur dioxide on spatial learning and memory and hippocampal damages in the experimental model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
- Allium cepa fraction attenuates STZ-induced dementia via cholinesterase inhibition and amelioration of oxidative stress in mice
- Ameliorative effect of methanol stem extract of Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel) bullock on scopolamine-induced sub-chronic cognitive deficit in mice
- Redox modulating effects of grape juice during aging
- Cytoprotective effects of the aqueous extract of the Ziziphus jujuba fruit on TBHP-induced damage on human fibroblast cells
- Ameliorative effect of quercetin, catechin, and taxifolin on rotenone-induced testicular and splenic weight gain and oxidative stress in rats
- Altered composition of high-lipid diet may generate reactive oxygen species by disturbing the balance of antioxidant and free radicals
- Solanum leaves extracts exhibit antioxidant properties and inhibit monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase activities (in vitro) in Drosophila melanogaster
- Antioxidative, antimitotic, and DNA-damaging activities of Garcinia kola stem bark, Uvaria chamae root, and Olax subscorpioidea root used in the ethnotherapy of cancers
- Chemical compounds, antioxidant activity, and in vitro and in silico litholytic effects of Zizyphus lotus extracts
- Vietnamese coriander inhibits cell proliferation, survival and migration via suppression of Akt/mTOR pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma
- Short Communication
- A case report on clozapine-induced ventricular ectopics: a fatal adverse drug reaction
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Reviews
- Dual role of T-type calcium channels in anxiety-related behavior
- The use of Huperzia species for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
- Original Articles
- Modulation of key enzymes linked to Parkinsonism and neurologic disorders by Antiaris africana in rotenone-toxified rats
- Evaluation of an outpatient department (OPD)-based prescribing pattern of fixed-dose combinations in a tertiary care institute in Central India
- Effect of endogenous sulfur dioxide on spatial learning and memory and hippocampal damages in the experimental model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
- Allium cepa fraction attenuates STZ-induced dementia via cholinesterase inhibition and amelioration of oxidative stress in mice
- Ameliorative effect of methanol stem extract of Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel) bullock on scopolamine-induced sub-chronic cognitive deficit in mice
- Redox modulating effects of grape juice during aging
- Cytoprotective effects of the aqueous extract of the Ziziphus jujuba fruit on TBHP-induced damage on human fibroblast cells
- Ameliorative effect of quercetin, catechin, and taxifolin on rotenone-induced testicular and splenic weight gain and oxidative stress in rats
- Altered composition of high-lipid diet may generate reactive oxygen species by disturbing the balance of antioxidant and free radicals
- Solanum leaves extracts exhibit antioxidant properties and inhibit monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase activities (in vitro) in Drosophila melanogaster
- Antioxidative, antimitotic, and DNA-damaging activities of Garcinia kola stem bark, Uvaria chamae root, and Olax subscorpioidea root used in the ethnotherapy of cancers
- Chemical compounds, antioxidant activity, and in vitro and in silico litholytic effects of Zizyphus lotus extracts
- Vietnamese coriander inhibits cell proliferation, survival and migration via suppression of Akt/mTOR pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma
- Short Communication
- A case report on clozapine-induced ventricular ectopics: a fatal adverse drug reaction
