Dynamic Simulation of Human Movement Using Large-Scale Models of the Body
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Marcus G. Pandy
Abstract
A three-dimensional model of the body was used to simulate two different motor tasks: vertical jumping and normal walking on level ground. The pattern of muscle excitations, body motions, and ground-reaction forces for each task were calculated using dynamic optimization theory. For jumping, the performance criterion was to maximize the height reached by the center of mass of the body; for walking, the measure of performance was metabolic energy consumed per meter walked. Quantitative comparisons of the simulation results with experimental data obtained from people indicate that the model reproduces the salient features of maximum-height jumping and normal walking on the level. Analyses of the model solutions will allow detailed explanations to be given about the actions of specific muscles during each of these tasks.
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References
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© 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Special Section
- Title Page
- Foreword
- Acoustic Patterning of Speech Its Linguistic and Physiological Bases
- Investigating Unscripted Speech: Implications for Phonetics and Phonology
- Emotive Transforms
- The Source-Filter Frame of Prominence
- The C/D Model and Prosodic Control of Articulatory Behavior
- Diverse Acoustic Cues at Consonantal Landmarks
- Perceptual Processing
- Modeling and Perception of ‘Gesture Reduction’
- General Auditory Processes Contribute to Perceptual Accommodation of Coarticulation
- Adaptive Dispersion in Vowel Perception
- Language Acquisition as Complex Category Formation
- Biology of Communication and Motor Processes
- Singing Birds, Playing Cats, and Babbling Babies: Why Do They Do It?
- The Phonetic Potential of Nonhuman Vocal Tracts: Comparative Cineradiographic Observations of Vocalizing Animals
- Dynamic Simulation of Human Movement Using Large-Scale Models of the Body
- En Route to Adult Spoken Language / Language Development
- An Embodiment Perspective on the Acquisition of Speech Perception
- Speech to Infants as Hyperspeech: Knowledge-Driven Processes in Early Word Recognition
- The Construction of a First Phonology
- Auditory Constraints on Sound Structures
- Searching for an Auditory Description of Vowel Categories
- Commentary
- Imitation and the Emergence of Segments
- Deriving Speech from Nonspeech: A View from Ontogeny
- Paper
- Developmental Origins of Adult Phonology: The Interplay between Phonetic Emergents and the Evolutionary Adaptations of Sound Patterns
- Further Section
- Publications Björn Lindblom
- Index autorum Vol. 57, 2000
- Contents Vol. 57, 2000
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Special Section
- Title Page
- Foreword
- Acoustic Patterning of Speech Its Linguistic and Physiological Bases
- Investigating Unscripted Speech: Implications for Phonetics and Phonology
- Emotive Transforms
- The Source-Filter Frame of Prominence
- The C/D Model and Prosodic Control of Articulatory Behavior
- Diverse Acoustic Cues at Consonantal Landmarks
- Perceptual Processing
- Modeling and Perception of ‘Gesture Reduction’
- General Auditory Processes Contribute to Perceptual Accommodation of Coarticulation
- Adaptive Dispersion in Vowel Perception
- Language Acquisition as Complex Category Formation
- Biology of Communication and Motor Processes
- Singing Birds, Playing Cats, and Babbling Babies: Why Do They Do It?
- The Phonetic Potential of Nonhuman Vocal Tracts: Comparative Cineradiographic Observations of Vocalizing Animals
- Dynamic Simulation of Human Movement Using Large-Scale Models of the Body
- En Route to Adult Spoken Language / Language Development
- An Embodiment Perspective on the Acquisition of Speech Perception
- Speech to Infants as Hyperspeech: Knowledge-Driven Processes in Early Word Recognition
- The Construction of a First Phonology
- Auditory Constraints on Sound Structures
- Searching for an Auditory Description of Vowel Categories
- Commentary
- Imitation and the Emergence of Segments
- Deriving Speech from Nonspeech: A View from Ontogeny
- Paper
- Developmental Origins of Adult Phonology: The Interplay between Phonetic Emergents and the Evolutionary Adaptations of Sound Patterns
- Further Section
- Publications Björn Lindblom
- Index autorum Vol. 57, 2000
- Contents Vol. 57, 2000
