Band 44, Heft 1

We are now well-positioned to comprehend carcinogenesis at a molecular level in greater detail due to significant technological advancements. Additionally, we are now able to rationally design and develop drug molecules with the ability to either selectively enhance or disrupt important biological processes, maximizing their therapeutic potential. This has heralded a new era in drug design. The heterometallic ruthenium–platinum complexes can be used as anticancer, photodynamic therapy, diabetes treatment, and molecular sensors for thiol-containing peptides due to their multifunctional interactions with nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA, RNA, and proteins. Compared to cisplatin and its Ru-based monometallic precursors, a significant number of reported ruthenium–platinum complexes exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity and tumor selectivity. Due to the covalent binding of the cis-Pt II Cl 2 moiety to DNA, photoactive Ru(II)–Pt(II) complexes were designed to prelocalize a photodynamic therapy agent at the site of action. The development of ruthenium–platinum-based heterometallic complexes has recently advanced, opening up new avenues for the development of drugs that are more efficient. Metal complexes’ potential as important cancer therapeutic agents will be the primary focus of this review. The development of ruthenium and platinum-based mono and mixed-metal complexes with therapeutic and biomedical applications are discussed in detail in this article.

Photocatalysis is an effective way to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental pollution. Bismuth Chloride Oxide (BiOCl) is one of the most widely studied metal oxides due to its unique surface and electronic structure. However, the wide band gap of BiOCl and the high complexation rate of photogenerated electron–hole pairs limit its photocatalytic efficiency. Increasingly, efforts are being made to improve the performance of this range of photocatalysts. The article reviews the progress of research to enhance the photocatalytic activity of BiOCl nanomaterials. Strategies to improve the photocatalytic performance of single-phase BiOCl include morphological control, component adjustment, crystal facet control, and defects construction. Strategies to improve the photocatalytic activity of BiOCl-based composites include surface modification, immobilization of photocatalysts, impurity doping, and the construction of heterojunctions. In addition, the challenges and trends of BiOCl photocatalysts are discussed and summarized. Hopefully, this review will be helpful for the research and application of BiOCl photocatalysts.

The research relevance is predefined by the continuous development and improvement of radiation analysis methods and the need for more efficient and accurate detectors for various applications. This research may improve the sensitivity and resolution of Si(Li) detectors, which is important for scientific and industrial research as well as radiation safety monitoring. The research aims to analyse and improve the performance of a Si(Li) lithium-drift silicon detector. The methods used include an analytical method, classification method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method and others. The results of the two-sided observation of lithium diffusion in silicon monocrystals provided valuable information about the characteristics of the process and its dependence on the method of silicon production. A large-diameter detector detection mode was found to be important for optimising the production of such detectors. The diffusion process in monocrystalline silicon produced by the shadowless zone melting method is relatively fast. This means that lithium ions penetrate the material rapidly and spread evenly throughout its volume. This fast diffusion process can be useful for detectors that need to respond quickly to incoming signals. It was found that in monocrystalline silicon produced by the Czochralski method, there is a delayed penetration of lithium ions.

In the last few decades, transition metal complexes incorporating various azo ligands have drawn much attention. A different group of researchers designed various multidentate azo ligands and explored the coordinating behavior with transition metals of such azo ligands. Transition metal chelates have a wide range of applications in synthetic chemistry. The ligand backbone containing both azo (–N=N–) and azomethine (–CH=N–) or imine (C=N–) groups have gained remarkable impetus for research in organometallic chemistry. The transition metal chelates incorporating azo-azomethine ligands are plentiful owing to their variant features with multiple coordination sites of the polydentate ligands. The versatile geometry of metal chelates and their potential applications in various fields of life has bestowed a high platform in coordination chemistry. The current review covers the synthetic strategies and coordination behavior of a potential azo ligand named 2,2′-bis(diamino)azobenzene and its related ligands with metal complexes of d-block elements. We have also scrutinized the applications of these ligands in synthetic chemistry and the azo-imine character of ligands in metal complexes.

Recently, strontium oxide nanoparticles (SrO NPs) have become the center of attention due to potential features and promising applications. The physicochemical approaches possess many limitations including extreme experimental conditions, highly complex instruments and use of hazardous chemicals. An eco-friendly and sustainable approach from biogenic sources for formation of SrO NPs is an emerging trend nowadays to effectively replace conventional approaches. This review study all those aspects that facilitate the reader for understanding all biogenic approaches of SrO NPs for their use in different applications with less toxicity issues. In this study, firstly we discuss in detail about plant and other biogenic assemblies based on the synthesis of SrO NPs after which parameters affecting the synthesis of SrO NPs are discussed and finally excellent biomedical applications of SrO NPs along with mechanism are summarized. The literature also showed that green synthesized SrO NPs are highly biocompatible in nature and showed excellent anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant and anti-fungal potential. Hence, this study will provide an understanding to researchers about recent trends for the formation of SrO NPs through different biogenic assemblies and their potential biomedical applications.

Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) represents a class of remarkable porous materials composed of organic building blocks that are covalently linked in a periodic manner to form crystalline structures. High surface area, high porosity, tunable pore size, and high stability are their exceptional properties, which make them attractive candidates for various applications in the fields of catalysis, energy storage devices, biomedical applications, gas separation and storage applications. In fact, the great interest shown in COFs gave us a stimulus to review the output of the recent substantial efforts in this area. Meanwhile, the development of portable and sophisticated systems based on these particles is believed to create deeper insights for the scientists to embark on new investigations to pave the way for discovering new fundamental characteristics of COFs, modifications. Furthermore, the effect of modifications/fractionalizations on the performance of COFs will be thoroughly explained and challenging problems are mentioned. Moreover, the paper covers an inclusive collection of referenced recent research articles, providing readers with a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter and an extensive bibliography for further exploration. Through this comprehensive overview, the paper alleviates the noteworthy contributions of COFs in driving innovation and progress in a range of key scientific disciplines.