Abstract
The research relevance is predefined by the continuous development and improvement of radiation analysis methods and the need for more efficient and accurate detectors for various applications. This research may improve the sensitivity and resolution of Si(Li) detectors, which is important for scientific and industrial research as well as radiation safety monitoring. The research aims to analyse and improve the performance of a Si(Li) lithium-drift silicon detector. The methods used include an analytical method, classification method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method and others. The results of the two-sided observation of lithium diffusion in silicon monocrystals provided valuable information about the characteristics of the process and its dependence on the method of silicon production. A large-diameter detector detection mode was found to be important for optimising the production of such detectors. The diffusion process in monocrystalline silicon produced by the shadowless zone melting method is relatively fast. This means that lithium ions penetrate the material rapidly and spread evenly throughout its volume. This fast diffusion process can be useful for detectors that need to respond quickly to incoming signals. It was found that in monocrystalline silicon produced by the Czochralski method, there is a delayed penetration of lithium ions.
-
Research ethics: Not applicable.
-
Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
-
Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Data availability: Not applicable.
References
1. Saymbetov, A., Muminov, R., Japashov, N., Toshmurodov, Y., Nurgaliyev, M., Koshkarbay, N., Kuttybay, N., Zholamanov, B., Jing, Z. Physical Processes during the Formation of Silicon-Lithium Pin Structures Using Double-Sided Diffusion and Drift Methods. Materials 2021, 14(18), 5174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14185174.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
2. Muminov, R. A., Radzhapov, S. A., Toshmuradov, Y. K., Risalieva, Sh., Bekbaev, S., Kurmantaev, A. Development and Optimization of the Production Technology of Large-Size Position-Sensitive Detectors. Instrum. Exp. Tech. 2014, 57(5), 564–565. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0020441214040083.Search in Google Scholar
3. Eskendirova, M. M., Tleuova, S. T., Atakhanova, R. A. Physico-Chemical Studies of Tailings for the Enrichment of Ores Containing Precious Metals. Geol. Geogr. Global Energy 2010, 2(37), 31–35.Search in Google Scholar
4. Neshov, F. G., Davydov, A. V., Kosse, A. I., Pulin, A. A., Shulgin, B. V., Zhaparova, S. A., Kidibaev, M. M., Satybaldieva, M. K., Zhamangulov, A. A., Koroleva, T. S. Application of Nuclear Physics Methods for Attestation of Scintillation Detectors on the (Li, Na) FU, Me Base. In International Conference “Nuclear and Radiation Physics”, Almaty: Institute of Nuclear Physics, 2001; pp. 141–142.Search in Google Scholar
5. Cechak, T. Application of X-Ray Fluorescence Method in Coal Industry. In Eurasian Conference on Nuclear Science and its Application, Almaty: Institute of Nuclear Physics, 2002; pp. 352–353.Search in Google Scholar
6. Tomaszewski, P. E. Czochralski – Father of the Czochralski Method. J. Cryst. Growth 2002, 236(1–3), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0248(01)02195-9.Search in Google Scholar
7. Maté, B., Cazaux, S., Satorre, M. Á., Molpeceres, G., Ortigoso, J., Millán, C., Santonja, C. Diffusion of CH4 in Amorphous Solid Water. Astron. Astrophys. 2020, 643, A163. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038705.Search in Google Scholar
8. Wang, H., Ning, D., Wang, L., Li, H., Li, Q., Ge, M., Zou, J., Chen, S., Shao, H., Lai, Y., Zhang, Y., Xing, G., Pang, W. K., Tang, Y. In Operando Neutron Scattering Multiple-scale Studies of Lithium-Ion Batteries. Small 2022, 18(19), 2107491. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202107491.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
9. Ramos, M. R., Crnjac, A., Cosic, D., Jakšić, M. Ion Microprobe Study of the Polarization Quenching Techniques in Single Crystal Diamond Radiation Detectors. Materials 2022, 15(1), 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010388.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
10. Karmakar, R., Das, A. K., Pramanik, S., Kuiri, P. K., Meikap, A. K. Tunable Dielectric Properties and Magneto-Dielectric Coupling of Hematite Based Trap Free Flexible Semiconductor. J. Alloys Compd. 2021, 881, 160516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.160516.Search in Google Scholar
11. Andersons, J., Modniks, J., Kirpluks, M. Modelling the Effect of Morphology on Thermal Aging of Low-Density Closed-Cell PU Foams. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Tran. 2022, 139, 106432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2022.106432.Search in Google Scholar
12. Wu, F., Maier, J., Yu, Y. Guidelines and Trends for Next-Generation Rechargeable Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2020, 49(5), 1569–1614. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00863e.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
13. Zhang, C., Yamazaki, A., Murai, J., Park, J. W., Mandai, T., Ueno, K., Dokko, K., Watanabe, M. Chelate Effects in Glyme/Lithium Bis (Trifluoromethanesulfonyl) Amide Solvate Ionic Liquids, Part 2: Importance of Solvate-Structure Stability for Electrolytes of Lithium Batteries. J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118(31), 17362–17373. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp504099q.Search in Google Scholar
14. Bullock, J., Zheng, P., Jeangros, Q., Tosun, M., Hettick, M., Sutter-Fella, C. M., Wan, Y., Allen, T., Yan, D., Macdonald, D., Wold, S., Hessler-Wyser, A., Cuevas, A., Javey, A. Lithium Fluoride Based Electron Contacts for High Efficiency N-Type Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6(14), 1600241. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201600241.Search in Google Scholar
15. Saffold, N. A. Development of Lithium-Drifted Silicon Detectors and Investigation of Cosmic Antihelium Sensitivity for the Gaps Experiment: An Indirect Search for Dark Matter. New York: Columbia University, 2021.Search in Google Scholar
16. Crock, J. G., Lamothe, P. J. Inorganic Chemical Analysis of Environmental Materials, A Lecture Series. Denver: USGS Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center, 2011.10.3133/ofr20111193Search in Google Scholar
17. Chouhan, L., Varshney, N., Sharma, P. K. On Gradient Descent Optimization in Diffusion-Advection Based 3-D Molecular Cooperative Communication. IEEE Trans. NanoBioscience 2020, 19(3), 347–356. https://doi.org/10.1109/tnb.2020.2996243.Search in Google Scholar
18. Danielsson, M., Persson, M., Sjölin, M. Photon-Counting X-Ray Detectors for CT. Phys. Med. Biol. 2021, 66(3), 03TR01. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/abc5a5.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
19. Bärwolff, H. Measured Quantities for Ionizing Radiation. In Sensors in Science and Technology: Functionality and Application Areas. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022; pp. 691–720.10.1007/978-3-658-34920-2_13Search in Google Scholar
20. Llovet, X., Moy, A., Pinard, P. T., Fournelle, J. H. Reprint of: Electron Probe Microanalysis: A Review of Recent Developments and Applications in Materials Science and Engineering. Prog. Mater. Sci. 2021, 120, 100818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100818.Search in Google Scholar
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Homo and heterometallic ruthenium and platinum complexes with multiple targets for therapeutic applications: a review
- Advances in the improvement of photocatalytic activity of BiOCl nanomaterials under visible light
- Investigation and optimisation of a lithium-drift silicon detector using Si–Li structure and bidirectional diffusion and drift techniques
- Chemistry of 2,2′-(diamino)azobenzene ligand: a brief review
- Green synthesis of strontium oxide nanoparticles and strontium based nanocomposites prepared by plant extract: a critical review
- Porous materials: Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) as game-changers in practical applications, a review
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Homo and heterometallic ruthenium and platinum complexes with multiple targets for therapeutic applications: a review
- Advances in the improvement of photocatalytic activity of BiOCl nanomaterials under visible light
- Investigation and optimisation of a lithium-drift silicon detector using Si–Li structure and bidirectional diffusion and drift techniques
- Chemistry of 2,2′-(diamino)azobenzene ligand: a brief review
- Green synthesis of strontium oxide nanoparticles and strontium based nanocomposites prepared by plant extract: a critical review
- Porous materials: Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) as game-changers in practical applications, a review