Volume 14, Issue 1

This study theoretically and empirically examines the important role that goal structures play in new venture teams. Specifically, we examine how creative self-efficacy affects the satisfaction of team members through cooperative and competitive goal interdependence. Relying on social cognitive and social interdependence theories, we contend that new venture teams’ creative self-efficacy leads to higher team satisfaction because it promotes the perception of cooperative goal structures among team members. We test our theory on new venture teams in the independent board game industry. Results generally support our hypotheses and we discuss the implications for entrepreneurship research and practice.

Startup selection is an essential mechanism of how accelerators create value. Through in-depth case studies of 10 accelerators in Turkey, our research explores the selection process in accelerators. Our findings indicate that accelerators overcome their context’s extreme uncertainty by involving various actors in the selection process and reducing the information asymmetries for investors and startups. Accelerators tend to select effortlessly coachable startups, willing to collaborate with accelerators, mentors, or other actors, and passionate enough to overcome the pressure of creating a business at a fast pace. Our research also exhibits that the selection process serves startups by directing and training them to transmit the right signals to receivers, primarily investors. Accelerators prefer to work with entrepreneurial teams that are coachable, passionate, and collaborative to vibrate the right signals. Similarly, the accelerators’ selection process helps investors by decreasing signaling noise and mitigate information asymmetry. By doing so, accelerators contribute to a well-functioning and more effective entrepreneurship ecosystem.

This study investigates whether an individual’s social work experience impacts the relationship between institutional environmental constructs and the perceived desirability and feasibility of establishing a social venture. It extends Urban, B. and L. Kujinga’s. (2017. “The Institutional Environment and Social Entrepreneurship Intentions.” International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research 23 (4): 638–55, doi: 10.1108/IJEBR-07-2016-0218.) social entrepreneurial intent model by comparing two groups of volunteers in Malaysia with different levels of social working or volunteering experience. The results show that the cognitive environment influences perceived desirability, with a distinctly higher path significance for perceived desirability among individuals with higher levels of experience. Perceived desirability has a relatively more substantial impact on social entrepreneurship intention for highly experienced individuals. Interestingly, the results indicate that neither the regulatory nor the normative environment influences perceived feasibility for either group. Governments and other relevant organisations can utilise these findings to devise better policies for promoting social entrepreneurship.

Santos, G., C. S. Marques, and J. J. Ferreira. 2020. “Passion and Perseverance as Two New Dimensions of an Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale.” Journal of Business Research 112: 190–9 proposed a five-dimensional conceptualization of individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO), but more evidence is needed before authors can reliably apply their conceptualization and operationalization. We provide a theoretical critique of their conceptualization and continue their scale development process. Four of five dimensions converged with other scales of the same constructs, but their passion dimension did not. The factor structure and predictive validity evidence also suggested that passion should not be included within the scope of IEO, and we assert that Santos et al.’s conceptualization of IEO is better represented with a hierarchical structure. Proactiveness and perseverance as well as risk-taking and innovativeness load onto two separate second-order factors, and these two second-order factors load onto the broader factor of IEO. We suggest that the construct measured by Santos et al.’s passion dimension may instead be a mediator between IEO and entrepreneurial outcomes, and we provide further insights into the measurement of IEO.

We explore the mediating effects that entrepreneurial team conflict and cohesion have on the relationship between team diversity and performance based on an inputs-mediators-outcomes framework. Using 56 samples from 54 empirical studies, we conducted a meta-analysis of the hypothesized relationships and used meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) to test the mediating models. Our findings reveal that team diversity was related to cognitive and affective conflict, and only affective conflict was associated with objective and subjective venture performance. Furthermore, entrepreneurial team cohesion had positive effects on venture performance. Our unique contributions to the entrepreneurial team literature and future research suggestions are also discussed.

Corporate entrepreneurship (CE) seems as an insurance against environmental dynamics to let the organization grow by seeking opportunities. The main purpose of this study is to offer a conceptual framework evaluating how the individual level opportunity recognition links to firm-level integration and institutionalization of knowledge bases. This study proposes a conceptualization of CE as a learning process to develop new Dynamic Capabilities (DC) that enables firms to reinvent themselves through innovative ideas. Dynamic capabilities contribute to the managerial cognition to explore new entrepreneurial opportunities; however, no former research has investigated the development of DC through CE process. Building from our analysis of the mechanisms through which the corporate entrepreneurship could influence the development of dynamic capabilities, we apply a multiple case study design to address the research gap. To investigate the research question, four case studies have been selected, through which we examine: a) the association of managerial cognition, as the knowledge foundation of opportunity exploration, to capability development; b) the mechanism of corporate entrepreneurship learning process through discovery, engagement, and transformation; c) the reasons behind ignorance of some entrepreneurial opportunities; and d) the effect of capability development on the corporate entrepreneurship outcomes. We conclude that dynamic capabilities are most beneficial for entrepreneurs to make drastic change by moving further away from sense-making of opportunities to institutionalization of new capabilities. However, our proposed conceptual framework is general and needs to address the deeper interdependencies and complexities. As a result, the proposed framework calls for empirical astuteness and further theoretical development. Derived from two interrelated fields of corporate entrepreneurship and dynamic capability, this study contributes with a novel model addressing how managerial cognition links to entrepreneurial outcomes. By adopting organizational learning view, the proposed framework seeks to capture corporate entrepreneurship as a dynamic ongoing process.

As enterprise education plays a larger role in schools and young individuals increasingly become the target of entrepreneurial and enterprise policy initiatives, there is a growing need to understand how entrepreneurial intentions can be fostered. This study builds on analyses of interviews with young potential entrepreneurs and their young counterparts, delving more deeply into the identity construction that motivates some individuals, but not others, to develop entrepreneurial identities and enterprise intentions. The findings outline two contrasting routes to identity construction, shedding light on how enterprise intentions are motivationally embedded and providing details on the micro-foundations of identity formation that shape these identities and intentions toward enterprise activity.

Many studies have provided evidence of a positive relationship between strategic capabilities and new venture performance. This study applies the resource-based view and strategic fit theory to develop a model that investigates how startup founding strategy affects the strength of the strategic capabilities–performance relationship in new ventures. We conduct an empirical study of 146 U.S. new ventures and 425 Chinese new ventures to test the proposed model. The results show that, for U.S. ventures, technology-driven strategy increases the effect of technology capabilities on new venture performance but decreases the effects of marketing and market-linking capabilities on new venture performance. By contrast, Chinese ventures' technology-driven strategy has a significantly negative moderating effect on the relationship between market-linking capabilities and performance. We discuss the implications of the empirical findings for ventures pursuing technology-driven and market-driven strategies.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the way immigrant entrepreneurs (IEs) capture transnational opportunities in their home and host countries. Through an identity lens, this study adopts a qualitative approach in examining transnational entrepreneurship activities conducted by IEs from three countries (Indonesia, Pakistan and South Korea [henceforth Korea]) in one host country (Malaysia). The findings indicate that IEs’ home-host country identities enable them to recognize and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities in multiple countries through unique resources difficult to be imitated by competitors in their home and host countries. This paper contributes to the international entrepreneurship literature by introducing an identity-sensitive model of immigrant entrepreneurship in transnational spaces which will be useful for policy and practice concerning trade and migration.

Entrepreneurial Personality (EP) is a collection of personality traits that broadly and strongly relate to entrepreneurial outcomes across most contexts. The goal of the current article is to address present uncertainties surrounding EP by identifying its dimensions and assessing their relations with entrepreneurial outcomes. Our systematic literature review demonstrates that seven dimensions are commonly used to represent EP: innovativeness, risk-taking, achievement orientation, locus of control, proactiveness, self-efficacy, and autonomy orientation. Via meta-analytic structural equation modeling, we find support for a one-factor model composed of these seven dimensions, suggesting that they indeed represent a unitary construct. Our meta-analysis also supports that EP and its dimensions consistently produce significant relations with entrepreneurial attitudes, intent, status, and performance. EP is thereby supported as an important component of successful entrepreneurial endeavors, and our meta-analytic results provide clear criteria for determining the inclusion of dimensions within the construct of EP – which our seven identified dimensions satisfy.

Many new ventures are founded and developed by teams rather than solo entrepreneurs. Therefore, the extent to which entrepreneurs identify with their teams is likely to have an important impact on the process and outcome of new venture creation in new venture teams. However, most of the relevant studies focus on entrepreneurs’ individual identity, and the identity at the team level has been overlooked. This study seeks to fill this gap by exploring the effect of collective team identification on new venture performance. The relationship between collective team identification and new venture performance was examined using a sample of 54 new venture teams in Internet Technology (IT) industry. The results show that the relationship between collective team identification and new venture performance is inverted U-shaped. Moreover, environmental uncertainty may moderate this curvilinear effect, such that this inverted U-shaped relationship is more salient at a low level of environmental uncertainty rather than at a high level of environmental uncertainty.

In today’s increasingly competitive environment, the franchisee’s ability to respond to the local market (i.e. market responsiveness) plays an important role in sustaining competitive advantage. Grounded in strategic entrepreneurship with entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and the dynamic capability perspective, this study extends research on how EO and the franchisee’s market responsiveness improves franchised-outlet performance. The internal process through which the franchisee’s perceptions of the franchisor’s EO and franchisees’ EO affect franchisees’ financial performance were examined, revealing that the franchisee’s perception of the franchisor’s EO had a direct effect on franchisees’ financial performance but an indirect effect on franchisees’ financial performance through the franchisee’s market responsiveness. Interestingly, the franchisee’s EO was found to have only an indirect effect on franchisees’ financial performance through the franchisee’s market responsiveness, while the franchisee’s market responsiveness had a positive effect on franchisees’ financial performance. Moreover, a franchisee’s perception of the franchisor’s EO was also found to influence a franchisee’s EO.

The book by Mariusz Soltanifar, Mathew Hughes, and Lutz Göcke entitled “Digital Entrepreneurship Impact on Business and Society” (Soltanifar, M., M. Hughes, and L. Göcke. 2021. Digital Entrepreneurship Impact on Business and Society . Charm: Springer International Publishing; Springer) published by Springer International Publishing demonstrates the global challenges that companies and economies face related to digital entrepreneurship. The book emphasizes the impact that digital entrepreneurial activities have on business and society in a way that shapes the world business environment in the present time, and will continue to the same in the future. The book provides the reader with an overview of the processes, means, and challenges that are transforming the business world, giving the possible opportunities to companies and citizens, but also threats as well that also shape their everyday life and society as a whole.