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9. Necessitarianism
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Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter i
- Contents vii
- Preface xi
- God without the Supernatural 1
-
1. The Apologetics of Understanding
- 1. On Our Conception of God 8
- 2. Why We Still Need Apologetics 11
- 3. The Goal of Articulation 20
- 4. Versions of the Apologetics of Understanding 26
- 5. In Defense of Speculation 35
- 6. A Survey of Theocentric Understanding 37
- 7. A Comparison with Other Apologetic Projects 41
-
2. The Theocentric Understanding of Life
- 1. The Suitability of Our Universe for Life 46
- 2. On the Motive for Creation 51
- 3. Creation as the Overflow ofJoy 55
- 4. The Afterlife without the Supernatural 56
- 5. The Afterlife and the Problem of Personal Identity 66
- 6. The “Mechanics” of Creation 68
- 7. The Extra Constraint on Action 70
- 8. Is Agency Causation Redundant? 73
- 9. Two Further Objections 79
- 10. When Was This Universe Created, and Out of What? 81
- 11. Theocentric and Scientific Understanding 85
-
3. The Naturalistic Understanding of Life
- i. What Is Naturalism? 88
- 2. What Is the Argument for Naturalism? 89
- 3. A Proposal Derived from Hume 91
- 4. Anthropic Explanations 93
- 5. Scientific Plenitude 97
- 6. Explanation by Means of Laws 98
- 7. The Inevitable Limitation of Scientific Explanation 100
- 8. The Appeal to Simplicity 103
- 9. Necessitarianism 104
- 10. The Comparison of Theocentric with Naturalistic Understanding 106
-
4. The Breadth of Theocentric Understanding
- 1. The Regularity of the Universe 110
- 2. Naturalistic Accounts of Laws of Nature 115
- 3. Our Capacity for Intellectual Progress 117
- 4. Understanding Moral Supremacy 121
- 5. The Resilience of Moral Supremacy 126
- 6. Further Discussion of Moral Supremacy 129
- 7. The Understanding of Beauty 133
- 8. The Serendipity of Mathematics 136
- 9. The Case Against Naturalism 138
-
5. Non-naturalistic Rivals to Anthropic Theism
- 1. A Survey of the Rivals to Anthropic Theism 139
- 2. Pantheism and Polytheism 141
- 3. The Rejection of Metaphysical Plenitude 143
- 4. Evaluative Understanding 149
- 5. Against Idealistic Understanding 154
- 6. A God of Malice? 157
- 7. Art for Art’s Sake? 159
- 8. The Conditional Superiority of Theocentric Understanding 162
-
6. The Theoretical Niche Argument
- 1. The Analogy between God and the Mind 163
- 2.The Idea of a Theoretical Niche 164
- 3. Physicalism as an Attempt at Understanding 166
- 4. The Functionalist Characterization of Mental States 168
- 5. Appearances 169
- 6. Consciousness 172
- 7. The Unity of the Mental 175
- 8. The Argument from Introspective Understanding 175
- 9. Unrestricted Consciousness 177
- 10. Physicalism—The Hard Case 179
- 11. Substance Dualism—The Easy Case 181
- 12. Attribute Dualism 183
- 13. The No Planning Thesis 185
- 14. Knowledge of the Possible 187
-
7. Speculating about Consciousness
- 1. A Double Aspect Theory 191
- 2. A Solution to the Correlation Problem 193
- 3. The Unity of the Mental 196
- 4. To What Category Does Consciousness Belong? 198
- 5. Of What Is There Consciousness? 201
- 6. Generalizing the Principle of Harmony 203
- 7. Theistic Eudemonism 204
- 8. But Is Unrestricted Consciousness the Same as God? 208
- 9. The Point-of-View Problem 210
-
8. A Speculative Understanding of Evil
- 1. Should We Seek to Understand Evil? 214
- 2. Plenitude Theodicy 216
- 3. The Minor Adjustment Argument 219
- 4. On Divine Intervention 221
- 5. Plenitude, Care, and Respect 223
- 6. Soul-Making Theodicy 231
- 7. Panentheism and the Problem of Evil 233
-
Concluding Remarks
- 1. Compromise versus Commitment 238
- 2. The Amphibious Character of Faith 239
- 3. My Project in Context 241
- Works Cited 243
- Index 251
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter i
- Contents vii
- Preface xi
- God without the Supernatural 1
-
1. The Apologetics of Understanding
- 1. On Our Conception of God 8
- 2. Why We Still Need Apologetics 11
- 3. The Goal of Articulation 20
- 4. Versions of the Apologetics of Understanding 26
- 5. In Defense of Speculation 35
- 6. A Survey of Theocentric Understanding 37
- 7. A Comparison with Other Apologetic Projects 41
-
2. The Theocentric Understanding of Life
- 1. The Suitability of Our Universe for Life 46
- 2. On the Motive for Creation 51
- 3. Creation as the Overflow ofJoy 55
- 4. The Afterlife without the Supernatural 56
- 5. The Afterlife and the Problem of Personal Identity 66
- 6. The “Mechanics” of Creation 68
- 7. The Extra Constraint on Action 70
- 8. Is Agency Causation Redundant? 73
- 9. Two Further Objections 79
- 10. When Was This Universe Created, and Out of What? 81
- 11. Theocentric and Scientific Understanding 85
-
3. The Naturalistic Understanding of Life
- i. What Is Naturalism? 88
- 2. What Is the Argument for Naturalism? 89
- 3. A Proposal Derived from Hume 91
- 4. Anthropic Explanations 93
- 5. Scientific Plenitude 97
- 6. Explanation by Means of Laws 98
- 7. The Inevitable Limitation of Scientific Explanation 100
- 8. The Appeal to Simplicity 103
- 9. Necessitarianism 104
- 10. The Comparison of Theocentric with Naturalistic Understanding 106
-
4. The Breadth of Theocentric Understanding
- 1. The Regularity of the Universe 110
- 2. Naturalistic Accounts of Laws of Nature 115
- 3. Our Capacity for Intellectual Progress 117
- 4. Understanding Moral Supremacy 121
- 5. The Resilience of Moral Supremacy 126
- 6. Further Discussion of Moral Supremacy 129
- 7. The Understanding of Beauty 133
- 8. The Serendipity of Mathematics 136
- 9. The Case Against Naturalism 138
-
5. Non-naturalistic Rivals to Anthropic Theism
- 1. A Survey of the Rivals to Anthropic Theism 139
- 2. Pantheism and Polytheism 141
- 3. The Rejection of Metaphysical Plenitude 143
- 4. Evaluative Understanding 149
- 5. Against Idealistic Understanding 154
- 6. A God of Malice? 157
- 7. Art for Art’s Sake? 159
- 8. The Conditional Superiority of Theocentric Understanding 162
-
6. The Theoretical Niche Argument
- 1. The Analogy between God and the Mind 163
- 2.The Idea of a Theoretical Niche 164
- 3. Physicalism as an Attempt at Understanding 166
- 4. The Functionalist Characterization of Mental States 168
- 5. Appearances 169
- 6. Consciousness 172
- 7. The Unity of the Mental 175
- 8. The Argument from Introspective Understanding 175
- 9. Unrestricted Consciousness 177
- 10. Physicalism—The Hard Case 179
- 11. Substance Dualism—The Easy Case 181
- 12. Attribute Dualism 183
- 13. The No Planning Thesis 185
- 14. Knowledge of the Possible 187
-
7. Speculating about Consciousness
- 1. A Double Aspect Theory 191
- 2. A Solution to the Correlation Problem 193
- 3. The Unity of the Mental 196
- 4. To What Category Does Consciousness Belong? 198
- 5. Of What Is There Consciousness? 201
- 6. Generalizing the Principle of Harmony 203
- 7. Theistic Eudemonism 204
- 8. But Is Unrestricted Consciousness the Same as God? 208
- 9. The Point-of-View Problem 210
-
8. A Speculative Understanding of Evil
- 1. Should We Seek to Understand Evil? 214
- 2. Plenitude Theodicy 216
- 3. The Minor Adjustment Argument 219
- 4. On Divine Intervention 221
- 5. Plenitude, Care, and Respect 223
- 6. Soul-Making Theodicy 231
- 7. Panentheism and the Problem of Evil 233
-
Concluding Remarks
- 1. Compromise versus Commitment 238
- 2. The Amphibious Character of Faith 239
- 3. My Project in Context 241
- Works Cited 243
- Index 251